Dissertations (Masters)

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Achievement of value for money in local government authorities: A case of Kahama town council
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Kime, Semen Kukula
Procurement is an important sector in the Tanzania economy at large. Technically, 70% of Government budget expenditure is on procurement of goods, works and services (PPRA, 2011).Value for Money concept is one among the main pillar of public procurement that ensures value is achieved during procurement transactions utilizing public funds. The main objective was to study the effectiveness of procurement procedures towards ensuring the achievement of value for money in public procurement. In order to accomplish this objective, a set of specific research objective were formulated that included finding out the factors contributing to the achievement of value for money, determining problems hindering the achievement of value for money and identifying challenges encountered during procurement proceedings that may affect achievement of value for money. Procurement aims to ensure that the right good works or services are delivered to the right place, in the right quantity with the right quality at the right cost [price] in the right time. In fact procurement using the framework contract has been established to ensure that the 5R’s of procurement are obtained. The sample of the study consisted of 30 respondents drawn from a population that was made with members from PMU,Tender Board members,Other heads of departments and members user departments. The researcher used questionnaire, interview and observation to collect the data. The researcher used Microsoft excel to make the necessary calculations of the data which helped him to derive the frequencies and percentages which were the presented in diagram.These findings were discussed to arrive at conclusions which included that the Kahama District Council got the Specialised Items in the right quality and at the right time but at a price higher than what was has had been agreed in the initial contract.
Adoption of e-procurement and value addition to Tanzanian public institutions: A case of Tanzania public institutions
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Suleiman, Mohammed A.
E-procurement adoptions make purchasing activities more effective in terms of both time and cost. In Tanzania the adoption of e-procurement is at infant stage. The focus of this thesis is on adoption of e-procurement and value that can be achieved in Tanzania public institutions. In recent years, Tanzania has made a significant progress in ICT. Specific examples are on the adoption of mobile technologies, implementation of the national ICT broadband backbone (NICTBB). The ICT infrastructures which enable the government of Tanzania to embark on e-procurement adoption include: national fibre optic cable network, internet service providers (ISP) and internet cafes and increasing the number of mobiles network across the country. The research model was focused on TOE frameworks which elaborate in details the e-procurement adoption in three perspectives: 1. Organization factors: organization size, top management attitudes characteristics, relative advantage characteristics and user involvement characteristics 2. Technological factors: compatibility characteristics, complexity characteristics, technological infrastructures characteristics, and perceived benefits characteristics 3. Environmental factors: normative pressure, coercive pressure, and mimetic pressure The research methodology used in the study include the data collection techniques which focus on questionnaire as primary data collection, and secondary data collection involve books, journal and internet search engine like Google scholar. Non probability sampling was used in this study.
Analysis of local dairy value chain for smallholder pastoralists in Simanjiro district, Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 0201) Sumuni, Catholic
The study aimed at analysis of local dairy value chain for smallholder pastoralists. The first objective was to identify the structure of local diary value chain and key actors’ roles. This study found that, the local dairy value chain in Simanjiro consist five (5) distinct stages, namely; input supply, milk production, trading, processing and consumption. The main actors in the dairy value chain were input suppliers, milk producers, milk traders, milk processors and milk consumers. The second objective was to explore chain strategies developed by chain actors in market milking. Results showed that; actors’ chain-strategies developed were; contractual agreement between pastoralists and milk buyers, actors often attending trainings on milk marketing, and pastoralists’ collective actions whereby benefits are accrued by being member of milk marketing groups. Third objective was to identify business challenges facing local dairy value chain actors in the study area. Findings revealed that, challenges identified to exist were; Seasonal fluctuations in milk availability, Livestock diseases, lack/few market channels for milk and milk products, poor cold chain infrastructures, facility breakdowns, quality aspects and low capacity of existing processing units. The conclusions attained through findings discussion recommended the following; Sensitize value chain concept as an economic tool to develop milk and milk products value chain, Improving efforts of milk producers on milk production and livestock management, and improvement of existing small scale milk processing units.
Analysis of supply chain of sunflower in Singida Municipality, Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwita, Tubeti
This study was conducted to examine supply chain of sunflower in Singida Municipality in Tanzania. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Thirty (30) farmers, 15 traders (5 assemblers, 5 wholesalers and 5 retailers) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The study revealed that sunflower was marketed through five different channels. These are (1) Farmers-to-assemblers (2) Farmers-to-wholesalers (3) Farmers-to-retailers (4) Farmers-to-processors (5) Farmers-to-consumers. Assemblers were found to have relatively more market power than other chain actors. This was revealed by the high profit margin as compared to other chain actors. Majority of chain actors (38%) had the problem of accessing credit due to lack of collateral and high interest rate. In order to realise the full potential of agricultural trade as a tool in the fight against poverty, the suggested policy interventions are to prioritise and increase funding for physical infrastructure both from national; promote large-scale capacity building in business skills and market orientation; improve equitable access to credit and improve dissemination of market
Analysis of the applicability of consultancy services in works projects on Local Government Authority in Tanzania : A case of Kahama District Council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Karumbete, Mvano Amani
Local Government Authority was established purposely for the aim of pushes social services nearest to the community. Community depend much on procurement in order to achieve their impression of success through public procurement act No 21 of 2004.Procurement of works are there to facilitate the community of all projects natured from construction such as school buildings, hospital buildings, class rooms, boreholes, shallow wells, roads maintenance, and staff quarters. Meanwhile; despite of the good procurement follows but community are still lamenting on the projects constructed by LGA that are of poor quality, sub – standard output and they do not work on time. Works projects in LGA are affected much by many unnecessary variations, untimely delivery of the works projects and highly rate of unfinished works projects especially at the remote area. The study analysed that these come due to poor feasibility study of the projects as well as poor close supervision of the projects during implementation stages. According to the study, feasibility study and supervision of the projects most are done by in – house staff whom affected by many assignment given, expertise and inefficient number staff, therefore the number of projects constructed are over capacitated to the power of in – house staff to handle. The study analysed that few works projects that are constructed by LGA follow received of loan or grant from a donor such as World Bank are those constructed under consultancy services. Consultant play part on feasibility study and supervision of the works projects and finally the result to the community is of highly success and this is due to ability of consultant to have few assignments, potential expert to the related field as well as sufficient number of staff. Therefore the study concluded that it is a time for LGA to apply consultancy services on all kinds of works projects in order to reduce number of unnecessary variations, support timely delivery of the works and reduce the rate of unfinished works projects thus achieve the community interest timely due to value for money obtained from the constructed projects when they under consultant.
Assessing the compliance on public procurement act no.7 of 2011 and it’s regulations on road construction projects in Tanzania Local Government Authorities (TLGAs): A case of selected LGAS in Dodoma region
(Mzumbe University, 2016) Matembo, Fridolin
The aim of this study was to assess the compliance on PPA of 2011 and its regulations on Road Construction Projects in Tanzania Local Government Authorities (TLGAs): The case of selected LGAs in Dodoma Region. Specifically, the study focused on; examining the compliance on signing contract documents after funds commitment and approval by Tender board, determining the compliance on achievement of value for money and identifying the major challenges facing LGAs on compliance with PPA of 2011 on road construction projects at Kongwa DC, Chamwino DC and Dodoma MC. The study adopted cross sectional survey design, whereby the data from three LGAs in Dodoma region were collected through Interview, Questionnaires and documentary review. The respondents were purposively and randomly selected, finally data were analysed through both qualitative and quantitative approach. The findings revealed that: The Dodoma LGAs have achieved to a great extent by ensuring that all contracts related to road construction were signed after funds commitment and approval by Tender board, the relationship between compliance on time, cost and quality of road works has rated as insignificant for almost to all Districts; this meant that, most of the implemented contracts were of late completion, above estimated budget and below stipulated standards. Unfamiliarity with laws and regulations, lack and poor use of technical expertise for preparation of procurement proceedings especially in designing stage, unstable flow of funds and lack of enough competent and committed contractors and suppliers for road construction materials were revealed as major challenges that faced the PPA No. 7 of 2011 and its regulations on implementation of roads construction projects in Dodoma LGAs. Finally, the researcher concluded and recommended that the best initiatives for improving compliance to PPA and its regulations towards procurement performance on road construction projects are; frequent seminars and workshops, promoting own source collections so as to cover funds gap, emphasizing the collective responsibility within and outside the organization during preparation of BOQ and specifications.
Assessing the impact of strategic procurement on public organisation’s performance: A case of Arusha City Council
(Mzumbe University, 2019) Mwitango, Robert D.
This research aimed at assessing the impact of strategic procurement on public organization performance using Arusha City Council (ACC) as a case study. The study had three specific objectives; the first was to examine the influence of strategic procurement on procurement execution, the second was to assess the influence of supplier base on organization performance, and the third objective was to examine the influence of supplier selection on organization performance. The researcher applied a case study research design, and samples were selected by using purposive sampling techniques, where by questionnaire were used as primary data collection method and documentary review and internet source were used as secondary data collection method. A sample of 79 respondents was purposively selected from different department and section at ACC. The analyzed data was then presented in tables and figures for interpretation. Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were employed for data reduction and assessing relationship between independent and dependent variables. The study realized relationship between the procurement execution, strategic supplier base, and strategic supplier selection on public organization performance The study findings revealed that the impact of strategic purchasing are contribute by the skilled workers, training and seminars to workers and suppliers, effective negotiation during materials purchasing, effective specification, strategically supplier selection, professionalism, and applicability of regulation in all the purchasing activities. The study concluded that strategic procurement within an organization contributes as much to the success and performance of the organization operations. Researcher recommend that, seminars and training could be provided to the procurement personnel and users, online purchasing system should be established at ACC, effective negotiation should be well conducted during purchasing process, the kraljic approach could be used to specify the purchasing techniques, and all purchasing should be guided by the rules and regulation and should be free from any interference such as political interference.
Assessment of agile supply chain practices towards performance of health care sector, in Tanzania: A case of selected public hospitals in Dodoma Municipality
(Mzumbe University, 2018) Mwaiseje, Shadrack
The study was all about agile supply chain practices towards performance of healthcare sector. This research was conducted at Dodoma Municipality in Benjamin Mkapa hospital and Dodoma general hospital. The specific objectives of the study were to assess timely delivery of treatment to the patients on performance of healthcare in Dodoma Municipality, to evaluate integration and coordination of process towards performance of healthcare in Dodoma Municipality, to assess the extent to which quick response to patients enhance performance of healthcare in Dodoma Municipality and to ascertain the effects of agile supply chain practices on performance of healthcare in Dodoma Municipal. Data were collected by using both primary source of data and secondary source of data. Primary data was collected by using questionnaire and interview while the secondary data was collected by using documentary review and the study used the sample size of 236 respondents. Data was analyzed by both qualitative and quantitative analysis. To determine the effects of agile supply chain practices on performance of healthcare logistic regression model was used and Pearson chi-square was used to determine the influence of timely delivery of treatment, integration and coordination of process and quick response to the patients towards performance of healthcare in terms of patient‟s satisfaction. Results indicated that treatment conducted at reasonable time, waiting for registration, ICT uses in healthcare operations, reduction of path flows and quick medical assistance have positive significantly relationship on performance of healthcare in terms of patients satisfaction whereas time to contact medical personnel, effective communication and quick response with change number of patients has insignificant relationship towards patients satisfaction. Results from Pearson chi-square indicated significant relationship between timely delivery of treatment, integration and coordination of process with performance of healthcare in terms of patient‟s satisfaction, whereas quick response to the patients has insignificant relationship with performance of healthcare. The study recommends that the Government should employ adequate number of doctors, nurses, pharmacists and laboratory technicians in order to smoothen the daily operations of public hospitals.
Assessment of procurement processes in lower Local Government Authority (LLGA’s evidences from Kilimanjaro and Manyara (LLGAs)
(Mzumbe University, 2016) Bayo, Rose R.
This study aimed at assessing procurement processes in lower local Government authority in Hanang District Council and Moshi Municipal council. From Hanang, It involved Balangadalalu, Gehandu, Nangwa, Dumbeta, Endasak, Endagaw, Galangal, Bassotu, Simbay and Hidet villages. Also Fonga, Matindigani, Majengo-mapya, Bomambuzi, Kanisani, Kilimani, Pasua-Sokoni, Reline, Kaloleni and Msasani mitaa of Moshi Municipal council were involved. The objectives of this study were; to identify organs responsible for the procurement processes in lower local government authorities, to examine procedures followed during procurement processes in lower local government authorities, to identify factors affecting procurement processes in lower local government authorities and to examine effort done to rectify the procurement processes in lower local government authorities The study used descriptive survey research that allowed the use of both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data for this study were obtain from both primary and secondary sources whereby interview and questionnaires were used as data collection methods (through the use of Interview and Questionnaires guide) for primary data and documentary review for secondary data. The study comprised of 79 sample size obtain from the population size of 376 through the use of Yamane, (1967) formular. The obtained data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) through the use of descriptive statistics method. The analysis indicated that village committee is the organ responsible for procurement in lower local government authorities. Furthermore the study found that the village committee do not follow the stated procedures for procurement of goods and services, and that there are different factors affecting procurement processes such as lack of procurement knowledge to actors, lack of technical support, political interferences from the leaders, delay of fund, long procurement procedures and corruptions.it is recommended that it is necessary to for the government to provide capacity building and technical support at the lower local government authority to improve procurement skills.
Assessment of the determinants towards inventory control performance in public hospitals in Tanzania: A case of selected public hospitals in Dar es Salaam region
(Mzumbe University, 0201) Shadrack, Judith
This dissertation was about to analyze the determinants towards inventory control performance in public hospitals in Tanzania. The specific objectives were to examine medical stock storage systems for hospitals and their influence on inventory control performance, to assess the effect of staff competence on inventory control performance, and to establish the suppliers’ influence on performance of inventory control. The study was conducted in selected public hospitals located in Dar es Salaam region. From the population of 198 a sample of 99 respondents was obtained. The methods of data collection were questionnaire and interviews the selection techniques of the respondents were purposive sampling and simple random sampling. This study involved mixed strategies which were qualitative and quantitative analysis .From the study, it was observed that the engagement of medical stock storage system which influence inventory control performance were storage location, size of warehouse, warehouse layout. Due to analysis, the researcher found that medical storage systems have significantly influence on inventory control performance. However, the analysis showed that training for incoming employees and development for existing employees are important to any organization. The suppliers which brought about influence on inventory control were capability, and delivery influence. The analysis showed suppliers have insignificantly influence on inventory control performance. The recommendations are management should make sure that they have competent staff and develop them who are in-house so as to help in the running of the system. The public hospital and other organization should take an action to improve communication and information system to assist in monitoring of inventory especially between vendors and public hospitals. Also, Organizations should allow their employees to attend training provided by PSPTB so as to improves their staff professionalism and hence obtain value for money
Assessment of the effectiveness of services outsourcing in public health institutions: A case of Mbeya Referral Hospital (MRH)
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwashiuya, Stephano
Before the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) started outsourcing non consultancy services, security service and cleanliness service at Mbeya referral Hospital are totally seems to be below standard to MoHSW and due to that the MoHSW started outsourcing those services researcher. This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of services outsourcing in public health institutions. The case of Mbeya Referral hospital, the services outsourced at MRH are two which are cleaning and security services, the study based on non consultancy services. The study was carried out by using a case study design, mixed study, cross-sectional and retrospective cohort. The researcher employed the following instruments in collecting data which are interviews, Questionnaires, Observations and documentary sources. The study revealed that outsourcing at MRH is effective through adherence of contract terms and conditions were supported by 83.3% of respondents, cost effectiveness of supplier through cost sharing were supported by 97% of respondents, consistency in quality in delivering of service were supported by 70% of respondents and good performance of service providers were supported by 70% of respondents. Though outsourcing at MRH are effective but there some problems like Low knowledge and skills to services providers which forced the MRH to employ health attendants to performs cleanness also modern equipment are not user friendly by service providers were supported by 55% of respondents and the organization faced with theft incidence were supported by 93% of respondents. These findings are both consistent and inconsistent with the previous research findings. The researcher recommends that for the effectiveness of services outsourcing at MRH, the service provider for cleaning service should be the one who have competent workers who can clean both infectious (IPC) and non-infectious products in hospital while for security service there should be competent workers who are well equipped with technological advancement in securing the hospital. The results obtained from the research that was conducted in Mbeya referral hospital cannot be generalized to all services outsourcing as the services providers at MRH may be different to that of Muhimbili National Hospital.
Assessment of the influence of force account in achieving value for money in construction projects in Tanzania: A case of Bariadi Town Council
(Mzumbe University, 2019) Mayani, Stephen
For a long time there has been an outcry in public Institutions of low quality, delayed completion and high cost of construction projects; resulting from contractors, lack of adequate supervision, lack of funds and commitment. The government has been insisting on use of FA in construction of projects. This study assessed on influence of force account in achieving VFM in construction of Health Centers‘ buildings at Bariadi Town Council. Explicitly, the study determined the influence of personnel on VFM in construction of health centers‘ buildings, examined the influence of capital on VFM in construction of health centers‘ buildings and assessed the influence of project management on VFM in construction of Health centers‘ buildings. The study was conducted at Bariadi Town council. A mixed survey study design was used to get a sample size of 205 respondents. However, the study managed to collect and analyse193 questionnaire and 12 interview guides from key informants. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used in selection of sample. The study employed a questionnaire, interview checklists and documentary review methods of data collection. Reliability of questionnaire was tested before analysis of data. Quantitative data were descriptively analyzed and finally subjected to MRA to determine significance of influence on VFM using SPSS version 20, and presented by using tables and figures. Qualitative data were analyzed by using content analysis technique. The study found that there was a relatively significant influence of organization personnel and project management on VFM in construction of public buildings. VFM was explained by 29.2% and 25.3% by organizational personnel and project management respectively with significant contribution on VFM i.e. P-value 0.000 and 0.001 respectively. Organizational capital had very low influence on VFM with p-value 0.99 which is˃ 0.05 showing insignificant influence on VFM. The study concludes that FA has improved VFM in construction of buildings in public institutions. The study provides several recommendations including hiring of adequate engineers and allocate supervision fund in the construction budget. Also BOQs, drawings, specifications and construction budget should be prepared based on project location
Assessment of the transaction costs on post-harvest maize value chain peformance in Tanzania: A survey of selected maize smallholder farmers in Kongwa District Council - Dodoma region
(Mzumbe University, 2018) Rutatola, Prisca Pascrates
The study aimed to assess the transaction costs on post harvest maize value chain performance among maize small holder farmers in Kongwa District Council in Dodoma region. The study specific objectives comprised of assessing the transportation costs on post-harvest maize value chain performance, assessing the information costs on post- harvest maize value chain performance, assessing the middlemen costs on post-harvest maize value chain performance and assessing the effects of transaction costs on post- harvest maize value chain performance in Kongwa District Council Dodoma region. The study adopted a survey research design where a sample of 88 respondents obtained through multi stage sampling was used in the study. Interviews, questionnaires and documentary review were used as data collection techniques. Data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively where chi square test and multiple regression techniques were used to establish the existence of the hypothesized relationship. It was revealed that transportation costs and middlemen costs affected post harvest maize value chain performance in terms of profits, output sales and post harvest losses in Kongwa District Council but information cost was revealed not to be a contributor of post harvest maize value chain performance in the study area. Through chi square test transportation costs and middlemen costs were significantly related to post harvest value chain performance whereas information cost was not significant related to post harvest value chain performance in the study area at P<0.05. Moreover, through multiple regression profit earned by farmers was the major effect of transaction costs on post harvest maize value chain performance in the study area than the other two performance indicators whereas post harvest losses was proved not to be the effect of transaction costs on post harvest maize value chain performance in the study area. Thus, it was recommended for the government and all associated stakeholders to take various measures focusing on reducing transaction costs such as improvement of transportation infrastructures and establishment of well equipped market areas near farmers.
Assessment of transparency in tendering process in public organizations
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwinamila, Fredrick Charles
The objective of the research was to assess the transparency in tendering process in public organization. Thus the study identifies a problem that leads to poor performance in implementation of public procurement procedures, and also provides views on how procurement process should be carried out. Four organizations being a case that to achieve the objective of the study, interview, questionnaires, documentary sources and observation were used to obtain important information’s for research study. The targeted populations was mainly four public organizations that is MOI, MZUMBE, TANESCO and TASAF employees from both the headquarters where by qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques were used. The methodology above explains how the work was carried out as well as different techniques that were used on this research study. The data obtained were complied, tabulated, graded in percentages and analyzed in relations to research questions. The research findings were used in drawing conclusion on the problem. The research budget on time and money to be spent were considered and this enabled the researcher to fulfill his plan as well as the institutes plan on this study. However it has been revealed that, institutions whose research projects are not supported at 100% by the government, their project investigator/Research scientists involved in such projects tend to favor their professionals. In this study the researcher has found the following as major reasons for deviations of the public procurement Act policies and procedures. Lack of knowledge in public procurement Act Procedures. In adequacy of funds in the organizations and dependency of donor funds. Lack of capacity in procurement section, Improper positioning of procurement section. Poor implementations of well documented procurement procedures which lead to poor performance in public procurements. The public organizations argued to educate its employees in the application of the PPA procedures through workshops governed by PPRA and other stakeholders. Others are like failure to follow Public procurement Act of 2004 page 21 and its regulations of 2005 due to corrupt organizations bureaucracy
Assessment on the effect of electronic procurement on supply chain performance in Tanzania: Bakhresa Group Ltd
(Mzumbe University, 2019) Mayunga, Josephine Alfred
This researcher intended to assess the effect of electronic procurement on supply chain performance in Tanzania. Specific coverage of this study was intended: to analyze influence of electronic tendering on Supply Chain (SC) performance, to examine influence of e-informing on SC performance, and to estimate contribution of e-payment on SC performance. Investigation was conducted at Bakhressa Group Ltd located in Dar es Salaam region. From the population of 193 a sample of 130 respondents was obtained. The methods of data collection were documentary, questionnaire interviews, and observation the selection techniques of the respondents were purposive sampling and simple random sampling. This study involved mixed strategies which were qualitative and quantitative analysis. From the findings it was observed that e-tendering is positively and significantly influencing Supply Chain performance. Furthermore, the researcher noted that e-informing is also positively and significantly influencing supply Chain performance, likewise, e-payment is contributing positively to Supply Chain performance in Tanzania. On the basis of the above findings, the study recommends that Tanzania Government should analyze and advance its e-tendering activities in order to ensure that it not only stays positive and significant, but also progress it. It is suggested that the administration is required to ensure that all modules from purchasing requisition to good receipt note should be controlled through e-procurement. This will eradicate waste in procurement process such as delay, postal; administration cost, auditing will be easy and well maintained, as well as corruption will be reduced. Moreover, as einforming positively and significantly influence supply chain performance, it is necessary for organizations to collect information for supplier qualification which includes: experience, previous clientele as well as disseminating that information to the appropriate suppliers.
Buyer- seller relationship and the performance of micro retail businesses in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2018) Fredson, Prince
This study examined the antecedents of buyer seller relationship at micro-retail business level in Tanzania. The general objective of this study was premised on examining in general, the influence of buyer-seller relationship on business performance. This study identified buyer-seller trust, communication, interdependence, cooperation and commitment as determinants of buyer-seller relationship. The specific objectives were therefore, to ascertain the influence of each of those determinants on business performance. The study was carried out in three districts of Dar es Salaam region which were Kinondoni, Ilala and Temeke (Ubungo and Kigamboni districts were not mentioned as districts because the population data used by this study was based on 2012 national census and they were not districts at the time). Snowball sampling method was used to collect data from 162 random customers through an online survey using Google Forms. For qualitative data, the researcher used the interviewing method, which was done on 10 shop owners as a way to triangulate the quantitative findings. Theoretical arguments for building the conceptual framework were made from the social exchange theory (SET) and the network theory (NT). Quantitative data was analyzed by using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), whereas qualitative data was analyzed by using the grounded theory approach. The findings from the analysis indicated that buyer-seller trust, communication, cooperation and commitment contributed significantly to business performance. On the other hand, buyer-seller interdependence exhibited no significant relationship with business performance. For future studies the researcher recommended more research on buyer seller relationship be done in downstream supply chains and should involve a broader scope geographically to improve reliability of generalization of the findings. The focus should be placed in areas with diverse socio-economic characteristics, not just in cities. This would allow the stakeholders and the research community at large to have a deeper understanding of the buyer-seller relationship dynamics, how they affect businesses and the mediating effects of socio-economic characteristics.
Challenges facing effectiveness of preparation and implementation of Annual Procurement Plan in procuring entities.
(Mzumbe University, 2018) Bryson,H.
The aim of the study was to identify the challenges facing effectiveness of preparation and implementation of Annual procurement plan at Njombe Town Council. Specifically the study aimed at assessing whether process which are needed to be done in APP preparation being followed by NTC, determining the factors affecting preparation and implementation of APP and also identifying the measures which should be taken by NTC to implement better APP. The data for this study were collected by using questionnaires and interviews guide. The researcher employed cross sectional design with the sample size of 56 respondents which was selected by using simple random techniques and purposive sampling techniques. Data collected were analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively by Descriptive statistics and multiple regression model by the help of SPSS version 20. The findings from the study revealed that NTC follows effectively four procedures of preparing APP which are notification to users, proper aggregation of requirements, proper arrangement of tender board committee meetings and Configuration and approval of Annual procurement plan while two procedures which are submission of users requirement to PMU and Publication and review of the Annual procurement plan are not followed effectively by NTC. Also the study revealed that skilled and competent personnel, APP templates, cooperation, and procurement forecasting were statistical significant to effectiveness of APP preparation while fund, economic change, political intervention and procurement procedures were statistical significant to the effectiveness of implementation of APP. Hence from the findings it was revealed that in order to have effective implementation of APP, enough fund should be release, training should be provided to users and there should be no political intervention in procurement matters. It was recommended that for organization to archive the value for money, the better preparation and implementation of APP should be done at NTC.
Challenges in clearing and forwarding activities perspective from Dar Ees Salaam port authority
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Matiya, Florentina J-Msc.PSCM-SOB-2013
The study assessed challenges facing clearing and forwarding agents in the process of clearing consignments at the Dar es Salaam Port Authority. Specific objectives included assessment of the effectiveness of legal/regulatory framework (policy, procedures/guideline) on the system of clearing consignment at the port of Dar es Salaam, to examine the process/ practices of clearing Consignments at the port of Dar es Salaam and to identify challenges in clearing and forwarding process at the Port of Dar es salaam. The research design used was descriptive survey whereby a number of authorities and clearing and forwarding agency were selected. Data collection methods included interviews, questionnaires, observation and documentary review. Data were analyzed through Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. Findings of the study indicate that. The findings of the study revealed that clearing and forwarding involves cumbersome procedure that associated with bureaucracy, corruption, also, it was revealed that some procures are manually operated while few are computerized. Results indicates that the time taken for processing clearance of imported goods from arrival to the removal was 8 days at Dar es Salaam port, while time taken for processing clearance of exported goods from lodgments to departure is 5 days at the port. Due to such delays the government loose revenues and customers were not happy with the status of the service delivered. The study concluded that a well planned improvement yield positive results normally shared equally between the private and public sector and have a long term impact to the entire economy of the country. It is also a process that requires step by step and strong determination to push for complete change as in most cases change is resisted. Otherwise, based on the available findings, it was recommended that modernization of customs administration is required to reduce the cost of doing business and trade. Importers should submit required documents to the respective agencies on time such as TRA, EWURA, and TBS to mention just few enable those agencies to process them on time. Importers should also pay customs and port charges on time to avoid demurrages.
Contribution of electronic business practices on performance of supermarket procurement function in Tanzania : A case of selected supermarkets in Dar es Salaam
(Mzumbe University, 2019) Matekere, Alfaksadi Y.
The main objective of this study was to assess the contribution of electronic business practices on performance of supermarket procurement function in Tanzania. Specifically the study aimed at determining the effect of e-inventory management systems on performance of supermarket procurement function, establishing the effect of e-sourcing on performance of supermarket procurement function, evaluating the effect of e-payment on performance of supermarket procurement function, and assessing the effect of e-archiving on performance of supermarket procurement function. The study was carried out at CHOPPIES, TSN and VILLAGE supermarkets in Dar es Salaam, adopting both qualitative and quantitative approaches under the case study design. Simple random, purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used to select 75 respondents whereas questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed through content analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The findings show that there is a positive significant relationship between, e- inventory management system, e-sourcing, e-archiving and the performance of supermarket procurement function. On the other hand it was revealed that there is negative significant relationship between e-payment and performance of supermarket procurement function. The study recommends that the government of Tanzania should insist on application of electronic systems in procurement activities throughout the public institutions in order to achieve the advantages which the private organizations obtain in using electronic systems. Furthermore academicians should conduct more researches concerning application of electronic systems in procurement activities which in turn will stimulate adoption of e-procurement in ensuring efficiency and effectiveness in the government and private operations.
Determinants of electronic procurement adoption in an organization: Comparative study of private and public organization: The case of TANESCO and TBL
(Mzumbe University, 2018) Mushi, Gift .O
This study examined the determinants of electronic procurement adoption in an organization by comparing public organization (TANESCO) and private organization (TBL). The population consisted of employees in both organization of which a sample size of 52 respondents were taken from TBL and a sample size of 54 respondents were taken from TANESCO. The study considered four objectives as the influence of individual factors on e-procurement adoption, the influence of organizational factors in an organization, level of e-procurement adoption and the challenges facing organizations on implementation of e-procurement. A cross-sectional research design was used by the researcher and purposive sampling was used to obtain number of respondents needed from the whole population. Data were collected through questionnaires presented to the respondents and documentary review was used to supplement the study of which both quantitative and qualitative techniques were used. This study found that individual age and education found to have a significant relation with e-procurement adoption in TBL while individual skills and education found to have a significant relationship with eprocurement adoption in TANESCO of which education found as the common individual factor which influences e-procurement adoption in both organizations. On other side organization factors such as motivation and team work found to have a significantly relationship with adoption of e-procurement in TBL, while organizational structure and team work have significantly relationship with e-procurement adoption in the study found that team work is the major influence under organizational factor in e-procurement adoption. Also the study found that private organizations like TBL adopted e-procurement at the highest level stage compared to public organizations which are in preliminary stage of adopting e-procurement. Among challenges facing the organization on implementing the system were found to be system compatibility and supplier readiness while challenges facing the organization on the adoption process were lack of electronic infrastructure and fund. It was recommended that public organization should adopt fully e-procurement in a pace of private organization in order to increase performance of organization through cost reduction, efficiency and effectiveness. performance of organization through cost reduction, efficiency and effectiveness.

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