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The impact of ineffectiveness of the internal audit in public sector management: A case of Morogoro Municipal Council
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Mbembela, Victor Godfrey
The main objective of the study was to assess the impact of ineffective internal audit in Morogoro municipal. The specific objectives of the study were; to identify the roles of internal audit in the public sector, to identify the challenges of the public sector internal audit and to identify economic implications of the ineffective internal auditing system in the public sector management. The study was conducted in Morogoro municipal, Morogoro district in Morogoro region. The targeted population of the study was the Morogoro municipal workers in the fields of economy including procurement officers, stores, accounting and finance and internal control department. The sample size of the study was 50 respondents. The purposive sampling technique was used to choose the workers for the research sample. The study instruments which were used in the study were questionnaire which was asked municipal workers, interview which was conducted with procurement officers and accounting and finance officers and the observation which was made by the researcher in the study area. The findings indicate that oversight, insight, foresight, governance, control and risk management as roles of the internal audit, although there were other roles. Respondents also mentioned developing methodologies, computerized tools communication and the relationship between internal and external audit were the challenges to the public internal audit sector. Also when the respondents were asked if there were any economic implications due to ineffective internal audit, they mentioned in accomplishment of programs, low productivity, and the collapse of the economy and less risk assessment as the economic implications. The findings discussed by the researcher based on each specific objective, made him to give the following conclusions. The roles of the internal auditors in the public sector should be taking into consideration in each budget of Morogoro municipal so as to reduce the effects that have been caused by ignoring such roles to be played by.
Corporate social responsibility and financial performance in banking industry in Tanzania: A case of CRDB bank Mbeya branch
(Mzumbe University, 2015) Ketocho, Erasto
The major objective of this study was to assess the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and financial performance (FP): case of CRDB bank Mbeya branch. Specific objectives for the study were; to assess CSR activities the bank offers to the community, to examine the relationship between expenditure on CSR activities and Financial Performance measured by deposits, loans & advances, pre-tax profit and after-tax profit and to identify the challenges to CSR activities. In carrying out this study, corporate social responsibility CSR spending was independent variable while dependent variables were deposits, loans & advances, pre-tax profit and after-tax profit as measure of financial performance of a bank. The study used Purposive sampling technique and Convenience sampling technique during the process of data collection from the study respondents of which a sample of 120 respondents was selected. Data were collected using both Primary and Secondary sources (documentary review and questionnaires). Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze data where statistical tools applied were correlation analysis, percentages and trend analysis. The data were analyzed and results indicated that; there are different types of CSR activities the bank is providing to the community in Mbeya city and that there was intercorrelation between independent variable CSR spending/expenses and dependent variables (bank deposits, loans & advances, pre-tax profit and after-tax profit) at CRDB Mbeya branch. The study concluded that since the independent variable (CSR spending) found to be highly correlated to dependent variables (bank deposits, loans & advances, pre-tax profit and after-tax profit), then CSR activities is positively related with financial performance of CRDB Mbeya branch. For the challenges facing CSR, the results indicated high costs in provision of CSR activities, CSR provided is basing in urban areas while excluding remote areas like in villages, some organizations are not willing to engage in CSR activities, lack of enough knowledge about the importance CSR activities to the community and less funds are budgeted for and approved to provide CSR activities. The study recommended that, CRDB should continue engaging into CSR activities specifically in remote areas where currently is not covered by any CSR activity.
The Contribution of own source revenue in facilitating development projects in local government authority: A case study of Songea Municipal Council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mlowe, Victory M.
The Contribution of own source revenue in facilitating Development Projects in lgas is serious problem that need measure to be taken to overcome the problem. Strong population growth and demand for classrooms, dispensaries, and water wells, have both placed increased pressure on the delivery of infrastructure. In number of instances the delivery of this critical infrastructure has fallen to local government. Yet at the same time they have received less funding for implementation. Reduced grants and subsidies payments from other tiers of government together with increasing community requirements for services and facilities, has therefore seen local government look towards their own communities to rise the necessary funding. The objective of the study was to find the contribution of own source revenue in facilitating the Development Projects in Local Government Authority. The study population was comprised by three ( 3 ) key personnel and five ( 5 ) head of departments. The methods of data collection used were interviews, documentation and Observation. The interview method enabled the researcher to collect enough data from key personnel and Head of Department. Another method was documentation, through this, the researcher collect secondary data in the period of seven years and used another method of observation to observe the Development Projects constructed in seven years. The findings obtained from the study showed that, The contribution of own source revenue in facilitating Development Projects in Songea Municipal Council in the period of seven years was 31% of total fund allocated to Development Projects and about to 9% of amount of fund collected by Songea Municipal Council. The reasons that lead low contribution in Development Projects were:-Poor administration, Lack of commitment in implementation of budget, unrealistic of budget, management perception and availability of Capital Development Grants from Central Government. The LGAs should be accountable in :-The change of method of collecting Own Source Revenue, Identification of another source of income, Introducing Laws and Regulations, Budgetary process, Reducing dependency from other tiers, Utilization of allocated fund in Development Projects, Improvement of revenue collection through outsourcing the source of income and elimination of poor ideology among the management on Own source Revenue.
Contribution of agriculture to the economic growth of Zanzibar
(Mzumbe University, 2015) Shoka, Issa Hassan
Zanzibar‟s economy is characterized by presence of high level of agriculture and tourism. Agriculture is the main economic activity for most people in Zanzibar. About 60% of the active labor force derives their livelihood from agriculture – related activities and the majority of farmers are women who mostly used traditional methods of farming. This research base on the contribution of agriculture in the economic growth of Zanzibar which was focused on three specific objectives which are Trends of agriculture, the areas of agriculture that contribute significantly to the economic growth and the relationship between agriculture and economic growth. The methodology used was Quantitative approach as a design whereby a sample taken from a population from the year 2005 to 2013. Time series data used and has been collected from office of chief government statistician (OCGS), the period of study was 2014 and the variables used was Crops, Forest and Fishing as independent and Gross domestic product(GDP) as dependent variable. The tools of analysis applied in this study include descriptive statistics followed by tsline(y), multiple regression, co-integration followed by Granger causality test for the first, second and third objective respectively. The findings revealed that the agriculture appear to have a random walk trends (stochastic trends) due to prolonged increase followed by prolonged decrease. With regard to the subsector of agriculture, the study identified that only crops products contribute significantly to the economic growth. With regard to the third objective the results suggested that agriculture and GDP are not co-integrated and only crop products among the subsector of agriculture is co-integrated with GDP but in only one direction where by crop products contain information that can predict the GDP. The study took only three elements of agriculture for analyzing trends, subsector of agriculture contribute significantly and the relationship between GDP and agriculture. The study put forward some recommendation including broadening.
Keywords: Economic growth, Crops products, Fishing products, Forest products and Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
The determinants of access to microfinance loans in Tanzania: A case of Mwanza City
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Mathias, Suleiman Daniel
Problem of low access to microfinance loan in Mwanza city has contributed to many people fail to complete their projects or venture new business, the study analyzed determinants that were the main reason to the failure of access to microfinance loans so as to get some insight into what exactly was the situation of this problem among borrowers. The problem may be to the clients failure to meet some criteria or to the MFI luck of enough fund or too many conditions set in order to obtain loan, the research looked this to come up with the findings. The research used descriptive research design and purposive data collection to explore those determinants. The study used a target population of 13455 borrowers from which a sample of 349 was selected systematically. Documentary technique was used to get secondary data while questionnaires and personal interview served in collecting primary data. The frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, and T-test were used to analyze data. The study revealed that there was poor means of information dissemination, inadequate capacity building, and customer discrimination by some of the. The MFIs best predictor of access to microfinance loans was found to be the loan application process, amount requested by clients and what was given out by MFI followed by the means of information dissemination and lastly by the capacity building to see if clients will use the money according to what they requested for. Based on the findings and the conclusions the researcher recommended that should MFIs be involved in improving means of information dissemination, developing modules and performing seminars to increase knowledge of borrowers, ceasing to be stringent and lessening loan application process. There was need for further research to involve the effectiveness and the impact of Microfinance Institutions in poverty reduction to the community.