School of Business (SOB)

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Welcome to the School of Business (SoB) Community at Mzumbe University Institutional Repository. Explore a wealth of scholarly works, research publications, and intellectual contributions from the dynamic academic community within the School of Business. Our repository showcases a diverse range of research outputs, including articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, and more, reflecting the innovative and impactful research endeavors of our academic staff, researchers, and students. Discover cutting-edge insights in business administration, procurement and supply chain management, marketing , entrepreneurship, accounting and finance, and related disciplines. The SoB Community is committed to fostering knowledge dissemination, collaboration, and academic excellence. Whether you're a researcher, student, or enthusiast, delve into the wealth of knowledge generated by the School of Business community at Mzumbe University. Join us on a journey of exploration, discovery, and collaboration within the School of Business community's rich academic landscape. Stay informed, inspired, and connected through the diverse research contributions housed in our dedicated repository.

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A nalysis of consumer choice based attributes of rice in the market: A case of Morogoro urban market
(Mzumbe University, 2017) Lauwo, Godfrey Ephraim
In a globalized markets were most individuals are employed and level of income is high due to rapid growth of industrialization and urbanization food market are more complex and competitive where consumer have more power to demand for specific attributes in terms of health, safety and quality of the food. The major challenge is to produce appropriate and affordable rice which suits the preference of its people. The main aim of the study was to analyze factors influencing consumer choice on rice product attributes in Morogoro urban. Also the specific objectives are to describe rice consumers socio-economic characteristics, to identify important attributes considered by consumer and to determine the factors influencing perception of decision to purchase rice in the study area. Primary data was collected from three urban markets of Mawenzi, Mwembesongo and Boma in Morogoro municipal and a cross -sectional study design was applied due to limited resources. A sample of 120 consumers and retailers residing from three wards of Morogoro Municipal were randomly selected. Also 6 individuals were purposively selected for key informant interview who were used for obtaining information about rice market in the study area. Data analysis was conducted by using Statistical package for social science (SPSS) and Stata software using factor analysis and multinomial logit regression. The results from the study obtained from factor analysis model showed that aroma, taste and cohesion loads higher in component one and grain and texture loads higher in component two as these are the main attributes which consumer considers when purchasing rice product in the market. Also results of marginal effect obtained after multinomial logit for Mbeya rice shows that age, income and sex are significant while for rice attributes aroma taste and cohesion are significant. Likewise for Morogoro rice the results shows that sex and age are significant and for rice attributes aroma and taste are significant. Similarly for Shinyanga rice the results revealed that sex and income are significant and for rice attributes grain and cohesion are significant. This will help to increase the supply of rice product and decrease the loss occurred in the rice value chain from the producer to the retailer. It is recommended that, local markets and shops in Morogoro urban should sell rice with better taste since it is highly demanded by most consumers compared to other attributes
A poor collection of property tax: A case of Mtwara Mikindani municipal council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mgema, Zephania Stephano
The main objective of the study is to assess modalities /systems used in the valuation, billing and collection of property tax to LGAs with particular reference to Mtwara Mikindani Municipal council. Property taxation is one of the most lucrative and promising, yet least tapped, sources of tax revenue to support urban government in Africa. Property taxation plays a major role in financing local governments throughout the world In this study, The Mtwara Mikindani Municipal Council was the main unit of inquiry from which a sample of respondents were drawn. The sub-unit of enquiry were individuals whom selection was influenced by their knowledge and experience on property tax. The level of services provided by a local authority to its residents could be an incentive for the latter to pay tax in a given period. This research made an investigation on the level of public services provided by council to the property owner and other people in the locality. Investigation of this study revealed that there is little relationship between the tax levied and the services provided by the council such as refuse collection, maintenance of roads and sewerage systems and streetlights and the majority of the people are not satisfied Several factors have been identified for this state of affairs in this study. Among them, absence of property valuation, poor system of notification of tax payments, failure to take legal action against defaulters, lack of tax education and provision of inadequate quality services to the council Residents. The Municipal needs to take appropriate measures to address these issues. Motivation to the tax collector and accounts department staff dealing with collection of property tax is very important, Failure to take legal action against defaulters was found to be one of the problems facing the council, tax awareness campaigns through newspapers, Television and Radio programs, Posters, advertisements, Seminars etc to educate taxpayers and local politicians especially councillors on the rationale and procedure for the property tax. Education efforts could increase the awareness of ratepayers and thus allow council to collect rates more easily.
A study on the factors determining adoption of computerized accounting system in public hospital: The case study of three district hospitals in Arusha Region
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Fortunata, Alfredy S.
The purpose of this study was to determine factors for adoption of the computerized accounting system with the Tanzania Ministry of Health from the viewpoint of public hospitals in Arusha District. The specific objectives were to study the effect of the infrastructure, human resource, cost and administrative performance on the computerization of accounting system. Independent variables consisted of infrastructure, human resource, and cost and administration performance; while dependent variable was the adoption of computerized accounting system in Public Hospitals. The researcher used descriptive design which involves observed and described the behavior of a subject without influencing it in any way. Purposively sampling was used to select respondents and questionnaires were developed and distributed to all members who were involved in the study. Data was collected using questionnaire distributed to a sample of 100 respondents, and 82 of the questionnaire were returned. The data was analyzed through multiple regressions by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0for windows. The study findings showed that Administration performance and cost affect the Adoption of the computerized Accounting System in Arusha district government Hospitals. The study recommends that policy makers need to work on strengthening the administration of the public hospitals in the Arusha district by making serious decisions to change the current accounting system to the computerized accounting system. And to make serious attempts to access the governmental financial support to ease the burden of cost of these hospitals in order to facilitate the process of adoption the computerized accounting system. There is a need of conducting more research on factors for adoption of computerized accounting system to the areas which were not included in this study in order to get more reality of the problem
Access to bank credit by smallholder farmers in Tanzania: a case study
(Afrika Focus, 2018) Nsubili, Isaga
Tanzania like many other developing countries is highly dependent on agriculture for income generation and job creation for its citizens. Because the sector is mainly composed of smallholder farmers, lack of finance remains the leading obstacle to development. This study seeks to determine factors that affect access to bank credit by smallholder farmers in the Mvomero District of Morogoro, Tanzania. The study used a cross-sectional design, with data being collected via the survey method. Purposeful sampling was used to obtain the respondents who fitted into the study objective. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model. The logit regression model in particular was employed to determine factors that affect smallholder farmers’ access to bank services. The study reveals that the value of assets invested in farming activities, education and gender are significant factors affecting smallholder farmers’ access to bank credit. Policy recommendations include the establishment of a government bank that would exclusively provide financial services to agriculturalists by establishing a credit guarantee scheme, and the development of new financial products by the banks that would cater to the needs of smallholder farmers.
Achievement of value for money in local government authorities: A case of Kahama town council
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Kime, Semen Kukula
Procurement is an important sector in the Tanzania economy at large. Technically, 70% of Government budget expenditure is on procurement of goods, works and services (PPRA, 2011).Value for Money concept is one among the main pillar of public procurement that ensures value is achieved during procurement transactions utilizing public funds. The main objective was to study the effectiveness of procurement procedures towards ensuring the achievement of value for money in public procurement. In order to accomplish this objective, a set of specific research objective were formulated that included finding out the factors contributing to the achievement of value for money, determining problems hindering the achievement of value for money and identifying challenges encountered during procurement proceedings that may affect achievement of value for money. Procurement aims to ensure that the right good works or services are delivered to the right place, in the right quantity with the right quality at the right cost [price] in the right time. In fact procurement using the framework contract has been established to ensure that the 5R’s of procurement are obtained. The sample of the study consisted of 30 respondents drawn from a population that was made with members from PMU,Tender Board members,Other heads of departments and members user departments. The researcher used questionnaire, interview and observation to collect the data. The researcher used Microsoft excel to make the necessary calculations of the data which helped him to derive the frequencies and percentages which were the presented in diagram.These findings were discussed to arrive at conclusions which included that the Kahama District Council got the Specialised Items in the right quality and at the right time but at a price higher than what was has had been agreed in the initial contract.
Actors hindering tax compliance of traders in Tanzania: A case of Mwanza City council
(Mzumbe University, 2017) Mafuru, Julius Ruguli
This study aimed at assessing the Factors Hindering Tax Compliance of Traders in Tanzania with reference to Mwanza City Council. The main objective was achieved with the following specific objectives which were to identify tax challenges facing Traders to register themselves with tax laws, To examine the obstacles facing Traders in collecting 18% as VAT from their customers, determination of factors making Traders to become reluctant in using EFD Machines, and also to investigate whether all eligible traders are actually registered in tax system. However, the study also examined the issue of tax evasion and tax avoidance for traders as well as the possible solution to control tax evasion and tax avoidance so as to create voluntary tax compliance for small and medium entrepreneurs. The study used questionnaire, interviews and relevant documents in collecting primary and secondary data. The study found that tax compliance in Mwanza City Council of Mwanza Region has been facing a combination of challenges (problems) such as: misunderstanding of the public in general and the business community in particular regarding the tax laws. It was further noted that there was resistance against registrations for VAT and other taxes by some traders. Moreover, it was found that some traders provide understated financial statements, while others do not issue electronic tax invoices or issue illegal invoices. It is thus concluded that there are various problems in the administration of tax laws in Mwanza City. On the basis of these findings, the study recommends that the authority should train the taxpayers about the rules and regulations of tax laws continuously and recruit new employees
Agricultural market information accessibility and contribution to economic development of small scale farmers in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Elly, Nickson
Agriculture is the foundation of Tanzanian economy, which accounts for more than one-quarter of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs about 80% of the work force. Despite this strategic importance, agriculture in Tanzania faces a number of challenges, one of such challenges being limited market access, largely attributed to lack of access and use of market information by commodity chain actors, farmers being the most disadvantaged group. A study was conducted with an aim to assess the accessibility and contribution of agricultural marketing information to the income of small scale farmers in Tanzania. The agricultural marketing information referred during this study are information on prices for the produce cultivated, information of traders who need farm crops (demand information), information on agricultural loan and information about extension services A sample of 215 farmers from three villages which are Nyandira in Mvomero district of Morogoro region, Kinole village in Morogoro rural district of Morogoro region and Kibaigwa in Kongwa district of Dodoma region were used during this study. These farmers were categorized in three groups basing on the locations and crops produced which are vegetables, fruits and cereals. Secondary data was collected through documentary review while primary data was collected using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. Data from questionnaire was coded and analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS). Generally the findings from the study indicate that agricultural marketing information are less accessible to farmers, 51.8% of the sample shown that they poorly access agricultural marketing information. Assessing accessibility of agricultural marketing information basing on location and among producers of vegetable, fruits and cereals, findings of the study indicate that there is a significance difference in accessibility of agricultural marketing information among farmers who are located in different areas. Generally results of the study indicate that farmers who have access to agricultural marketing information have been increasing the production and sales volume of the crops but also selling their crops at relatively higher price. Findings shows that access to agricultural marketing information contribute to the increase of income for farmers. Findings show that agricultural marketing information is a requirement for farmers in the village, in order to improve accessibility of this information to farmers, the government and private sector need to introduce, sensitize and promoted Market information systems in villages where farmers live.
An analysis of factors which contribute to loan deliquency among small medium enterprises : The case of National Microfinance Bank Plc
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Malundila, Farida Msham
This study investigated factors which contribute to loan delinquency among small and medium micro enterprises financial institutions in Tanzania. National. Microfinance Bank (NMB) was a case study. The data for the study were collected from 35 clients of NMB who received loans from the bank. In addition, 18 NMB staff working in the credits departments provided information on specific aspects deemed important for the study. Two sets of questionnaires were constructed one set for clients and other for NMB staff working in loan department. The collected data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12.0. Frequencies and their corresponding percentages were used to detect patterns of attributes of interest in the study. The Chi-square test of independence of variables was used to ascertain the independence of key variables. It is revealed that the most common borrowers from the bank are those aged between 30-40 years (60%) and employed in the informal sector (60%). It is revealed further that use of loan proceeds contrary to loan agreement is a major factor for loan delinquency among borrowers. Those who reported using their loan proceeds outside the agreement were more likely to delay payment of their loan instalments in due course (P<0.001).NMB often attach more importance to loan screening than to monitoring the use of credit. Proper documentation on customers files is done and use of strong collateral which means collateral must be of high value than a loan given to customer. It is recommended that in order to achieve a significant reduction in loan delinquency, the bank’s screening process particularly with regards to the nature of business, likely returns to the business, other sources of income to finance social or unforeseen events that are likely to interfere the development of the business.
An analysis of factors which contribute to loan delinquency among small and medium enterprises: The case of National Microfinance Bank PLC
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Malundila, Farida Msham
This study investigated factors which contribute to loan delinquency among small and medium micro enterprises financial institutions in Tanzania. National Microfinance Bank (NMB) was a case study. The data for the study were collected from 35 clients of NMB who received loans from the bank. In addition, 18 NMB staff working in the credits departments provided information on specific aspects deemed important for the study. Two sets of questionnaires were constructed one set for clients and other for NMB staff working in loan department. The collected data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12.0. Frequencies and their corresponding percentages were used to detect patterns of attributes of interest in the study. The Chi-square test of independence of variables was used to ascertain the independence of key variables. It is revealed that the most common borrowers from the bank are those aged between 30-40 years (60%) and employed in the informal sector (60%). It is revealed further that use of loan proceeds contrary to loan agreement is a major factor for loan delinquency among borrowers. Those who reported using their loan proceeds outside the agreement were more likely to delay payment of their loan installments in due course (P<0.001). NMB often attach more importance to loan screening than to monitoring the use of credit. Proper documentation on customers’ files is done and use of strong collateral which means collateral must be of high value than a loan given to customer. It is recommended that in order to achieve a significant reduction in loan delinquency, the bank’s screening process particularly with regards to the nature of business, likely returns to the business, other sources of income to finance social or unforeseen events that are likely to interfere the development of the business.
An analysis of strategic factors hindering the performance of small and medium industries in textile in Dar-Es-Salaam: Case study of Friendship Textile Company Ltd. (FTC)
(2013) Msemo, Daud H
In Tanzania Small and Medium Enterprises operations are facing challenging issues for their for their (SMEs) growth and survival in a competitive environment. This study has assessed strategic factors hindering the performance of SMEs in Textile Industry, SMEs in Tanzania are increasing in number due to unemployment, poverty, and availability of funds from different sources such as SACCOS‟s and bank. However, the government through the Ministry of Industry and Trade in its SMEs Development Policy (2002 and 2012) tries to set better business environment. The challenge to SMEs entrepreneurs is how to start a business, grow and sustain in the business environment. Competitive pressure range from micro-businesses to large businesses in each business industry an entrepreneur prefers to run business. The objective of this study was to assess hindering factors that lead to SMEs poor performance in Dar es Salaam. The research methodology used case study research design. A sample size of 35 respondents who comprised of Friendship Textile Company employees involved. Data collected was analysed by SPSS computer software The findings from the study on analysis on strategic factors hindering the performance of SMEs showed that, 50% of the respondents showed that FTC encounter competent personnel. On other hand, 69.3% of respondents showed that the SME facing lack of technology and expertise 42.3% of the respondents say SMEs facing financial limitation. However, 42.2% of respondents showed that fuel and power breakup are the most factors that hindering the growth of SMEs especial in startup stage while 46.2% of respondents indicated that lack adequate personnel in SMEs is another problems. The research adds to the argument for the majority of Tanzanian SMEs which are still need ,financial support to access credits from financial institutions and appropriate technology so as utilize the investment opportunities available for their economic development.
An assesment of challenges contributing to poor performance of small and medium contractors in Tanzania: a case study of Lindi region
(Mzumbe University, 2015) Ndulane, Francis
This paper assessed the challenges facing small and medium civil contractor in Lindi region. The study used a case study design for methodology. It utilized both primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed in both qualitative and quantitative methods. The overall findings indicates that, due to the combination of factors such as poor tendering applications whereby frequently the small and medium contractors place their tender at a lower rate/amounts of money and after being awarded, poor management and supervisory skills. The study has identified a number of factors that affects performance of small and medium civil contractor in Lindi region, among them; poor financial and technical capabilities; fraudulent practices, lack of coordination between designers and contractors and; poor monitoring and feedback are ranked as the first three factors that affected Small Civil Contractors. In addition, lack of training on quality for staff, lack of management leadership and lack of previous experience of contractor were also identified as factors related to contractors as the most critically ranked factors. It is therefore recommended that policy makers, researchers and practitioners look at improving the human resource base through continuous professional and skill development. In response to the poor performance of small and medium civil contractors in Lindi region, evaluating the performance is particularly important especially in Tanzania where construction works are largely manual.
An assessment of airline industry in Tanzania, potential opportunities and challenges : A case of Precision air.
(Mzumbe University, 2015) Makubo, Fiona
This study investigated the assessment of the airline industry in Tanzania: potential opportunities and challenges a case of Precision Air. The study was guided by three questions and specific objectives namely; to find out the challenges which face Precision Air in its operations, to identify potential opportunities which are available in the country for Precision Air, to determine measures to overcome challenges facing the airline industry operations. The specific research questions includes what are the challenges which face the Precision Air in its operations?, what are the potential opportunities which are available in the country for Precision Air?, what are the possible measures to overcome the challenges facing the airline operations?. The study was conducted in Mwanza and Dar-es-Salaam based Precision Airline offices. A sample of 100 employees (respondents) was used in this study. Simple random sampling as probability sampling was used. Data were collected using questionnaire documentary review. Statistical packages for social sciences were employed in the data analysis to obtain the frequencies and percentage of the findings. It was found out that, there are a number of challenges facing the airline industry which includes maintenance costs, financial difficulties, increase in fuel price, taxes, currency fluctuation, poor infrastructure, lack of airports, and lack of skilled labour. The potential opportunities which are available in the country for the growth of the airline industry are the vast population coverage of the country, rapid growing sectors such as tourism industry, natural gas, expansion of terminals, and venture to new destinations. The measures which can overcome challenges facing the airline industry operations are training the airline employees, reduce bureaucracy, increase inter airline meetings, having stable electricity supply, reduce fuel costs, improve management system and hiring skilled personnel. It was concluded that, regardless of the importance of the sector in the development of the country, there are number of challenges and opportunities. It was recommended that training would help airline employees, ensuring man power retention, and offering of scholarships to Tanzanians in the aviation sectors.
An assessment of challenges contributing to poor performance of small and medium contractors in Tanzania: A case study of Lindi region
(Mzumbe University, 2015) Ndulane , Francis
This paper assessed the challenges facing small and medium civil contractor in Lindi region. The study used a case study design for methodology. It utilized both primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed in both qualitative and quantitative methods. The overall findings indicates that, due to the combination of factors such as poor tendering applications whereby frequently the small and medium contractors place their tender at a lower rate/amounts of money and after being awarded, poor management and supervisory skills. The study has identified a number of factors that affects performance of small and medium civil contractor in Lindi region, among them; poor financial and technical capabilities; fraudulent practices, lack of coordination between designers and contractors and; poor monitoring and feedback are ranked as the first three factors that affected Small Civil Contractors. In addition, lack of training on quality for staff, lack of management leadership and lack of previous experience of contractor were also identified as factors related to contractors as the most critically ranked factors. It is therefore recommended that policy makers, researchers and practitioners look at improving the human resource base through continuous professional and skill development. In response to the poor performance of small and medium civil contractors in Lindi region, evaluating the performance is particularly important especially in Tanzania where construction works are largely manual.
An assessment of consumer awareness and usage of e-banking transactions through mobile phones: A case of VODACOM Tanzania limited
(2014) Mohamed,Eginga
A study was conducted to assess consumer awareness and usage of e-banking transactions through mobile phones using a case of Vodacom Tanzania limited. The specific objectives of this study were to; identify factors influencing the adoption intention of e-banking transactions through mobile phones, identify attitudes towards usage intention of e-banking transactions through mobile phones, identify barriers on usage intention of e-banking transactions through mobile phones and suggest measures that should be instituted to improve the situation. The study adopted case study design; purposive sampling and simple random sampling were used to select respondents. Questionnaires and interview were used in data collection and a sample size of 55 respondents was used in the study. Findings revealed that 36%, 18% and 24% of respondents identified benefits, self-efficacy and ease of use respectively as key factors influencing the adoption intention of e-banking transactions. Findings also revealed that 45% and 27% of interviewed respondents identified perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use respectively as key attitudes towards usage intention of e-banking transactions through mobile phones. Moreover, the findings revealed that 42% and 25% of interviewed respondents identified insufficient understanding of the services and technical issues as the key barriers on usage intention of e-banking transactions through mobile phones. The study concluded that, benefits, self-efficacy, and ease of use exert significant influences on consumers’ perception towards e-payment. Also, attitude is the major determinant of mobile banking adoption intention, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use from the technology acceptance model influence usage of e-banking transactions. Similarly, with the recent and forecasted high growth of electronic banking, it has the potential to develop into a world-scale internet economy which has potential barriers that requires examination. Henceforward, the study recommends that, Policy makers and service providers should have an advanced knowledge since it has provided information on the current state of e-banking acceptance and use, particularly among Tanzanians as they develop strategies directed at increasing e-banking acceptance and use. Service providers should educate consumers through demonstrations and training in order to better equip them to master e-banking transactions in mobile banking systems so as to mitigate barriers on usage intention of e-banking transactions through mobile phones. Service providers should promote the use of mobile banking services to enhance e-banking transactions.
An assessment of effectiveness of outsourcing services in quality service delivery in public sector : A case of Tanzania electric supply company limited, Tanga.
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Mgweno, Zua
This research titled “assessment of the effectiveness of outsourcing services in quality service delivery in public sectors. The study was carried out at Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited, Tanga Region. The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of outsourcing services in quality service delivery in Public Sectors. Mostly public institutions outsourced their services which seems to be noncore activities, in order to concentrate to core activities pertaining to their institution and giving non core activities to be performed by specialized suppliers/service providers, who will perform better and at low cost. Though Public sectors have outsourced their non core activities to be performed by specialized suppliers/service providers but some of them have / have not performed as intended for the purposes of providing quality services and this has led a lot of problem to the institutions. Government and other stakeholder put emphasis the effective usage of government fund for the purpose of maintaining or providing quality services to the general public and value for money spend. The idea behind public sector reform at 1990’s was to ensure government resources are used prudently while the Government and public sector concentrate more on provision of core services and enlighten their burden. This study draws attention to two significant areas; how effective are outsourced services, in the overall paradigm of quality services delivery in public sector but on the other hand, it underpins the primary objective of the government to ensure quality delivering of outsourced services through stringent mechanism of evaluation and systematic performance measures. The researcher really hopes that output from this study shall be of practical use to TANESCO, Tanga Region.
An assessment of human resource effectiveness in the hospitality industry of Mbeya region:A case of two selected hotels in Mbeya city
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwakipesile, Sekela J.
The underlying thesis of this study is the recognition that hotels, just as is the case in all the other subsectors of the wider tourism industry, require adequate competent and high performing personnel capable of sustaining high performance levels for a long period for them to satisfy the expectations of their customers (to be effective). And once the competent (knowledgeable and skilled) personnel have been identified and recruited, the leadership of hotels needs to help the workers to adopt to their hospitality work and to ensure that their skills and knowledge are kept updated through the use of effective human resource management practices such as professional development and staff motivation. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of employees at two hotels in Mbeya city. Using the multiple-case study design within the qualitative research paradigm, the study had initially planned to use multiple data collecting methods to collect data from the selected hotels. However, due to the problem that for the three of the five hotels research consent had been refused, whereas for the other two (JM and ML) access was so restricted, only the questionnaire method was used to collect data. The data were collected from 38 respondents drawn from all departments to enhance validity. The study established that the human resource capacity of the two hotels is very low and therefore, it is ineffective. The study further established that the ineffectiveness in the human resource capacity of the two hotels originates from ineffective human resource management practices employed by the leadership of the two hotels. It is therefore recommended that, hotel owners should not take staff training as a cost to their organization; they need to train employees in order to equip them with proper skills and knowledge for them to be competent in the industry. Owners of hotels should take employees as assets because this industry it‟s all about people serving people, and it takes a happy and motivated employee to make a happy customer.
An assessment of impact of socio-economic factors on SMEs’ capital struture decision in Tanzania : A case of Morogoro municipal council
(Mzumbe University, 2015) Kilangi, Oscar
Deciding the suitable capital structure for small and medium size enterprises, SMEs, is vital. Sometimes the decision is affected by socio decision factors that constitute entrepreneur profile and firm and financial attributes. A suitable capital structure helps SMEs to stay alive in the competitive market and has a positive effect on the national economy. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the impact of the socioeconomic factors on SMEs‟ capital structure decisions. The researcher consulted the relevant theories of capital structure. By the support of the earlier studies, as well as the related theories and developed the testable hypotheses. Tools used in data collection were; questionnaires (open and closed), interview and documentary review. Specific objectives were to: assess the capital structure and capital structure decision of SMEs, examine the factors that affect SMEs‟ capital structure decision; and assess the impact of the SMEs‟ capital structure decisions on financial performance using a total of 110 respondents from four wards of Morogoro municipality in Morogoro region. Data were analyzed by using SPSS to ensure accuracy in data presentation and easy interpretation. Findings of this study revealed that there are several impacts of microeconomics factors resulting from entrepreneur’s profile and SME‟ characteristics on capital structure decision and financial performance. Thus, SMEs‟ capital structure decisions and financial performance were affected by the socioeconomic factors which mostly have impacts on SMEs leverage levels are different in terms of magnitude but little in direction. The study recommends that SMEs owners/managers should be investment ready by providing collateral's, the government could support the education and training and SMEs should attend seminars and training programmed to improve on their managerial competence and skills of entrepreneurship. In addition to that, the government should also establish a mechanism that will help SMEs to get debt finance even if they do not have collateral to improve and reach optimal capital structure decision and highly financial performance
An assessment of members satisfaction with the credit services offered by employee based SACCO'S in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2015) Rashid Said. K.
This master dissertation was sought to find whether the SACCOS members are really satisfied with quality of credit services offered by employees based SACCOS in Tanzania. Specifically to determine the perceptions of the SACCOS members toward the credit service offered by their institution, assessing the level of members' satisfaction with credit service quality offered by SACCOS and determining the best attributes dimensions in the SERVIQUAL model to members satisfaction. Methodology– The study was quantitative and used Cross-sectional design in the collection of data from the respondents, using structured questionnaires to 120 samples out of 352 total RUTESCO members; in which (116) 96.67% were found to be suitable for analysis. The questionnaires were developed from generic SERVQUAL instrument made up by 22 items and the main analysis was based through the model. The questionnaires were distributed using a convenience sampling technique to respondents. Findings:- The study showed that, the general perceptions of the members toward credit Service quality is high about (5.595) out 7 maximum possible score, this value indicates that SACCOS is doing good to fulfill the wants/expections of the members in credit delivering service. The Overall perceived credit service quality attained by members from their institution is good about 5.4741 out of 7 maximum score and this value indicates 78.20% satisfaction index attained by the members when contacting with the institution; findings also revealed that Responsiveness and Reliability are the best attributes of overall perceived credit quality to RUTESCO members. Furthermore about 89.6% of respondents still need the workplace SACCOS. Research implications:- Theoretically, the study implies that the SERVQUAL model is the best tool to use in understanding and measuring members satisfaction for credit delivering service in SACCOS as Microfinance institution. Practically the study imply that, RUTESCO is providing the satisfactory level of credit service quality demanded by their members. The findings suggest that RUTESCO need some major and minor improvements on Tangibles, assurance and empathy sub dimensions items found with negative gap (s) from the gap score analysis carried.
An assessment of the challenges facing property tax collection system: A case study of Kinondoni municipal
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Raymond, Elibariki
Property tax is among the internal reliable and economical sources of revenue for the municipals since it is easy to collect when the system is effective. Efficiency in the property tax collection system depends on many things, the two (2) major things that are taxpayer education and the level of public service provide by the government in return. The purpose of this study was to assess the challenges facing property tax collection system in Kinondoni Municipal and to suggest measures to improve the situation. Data were collected from sampled lgas/tra officials and property taxpayers within the region. Questionnaires, observation and interview were the methods employed to collect data from the selected sample of 150 residents from Tandale, Manzese, Sinza, Kinondoni and Mikocheni. Statistical package spss was employed to facilitate the analysis of data which was done using descriptive statistics. Resistance from settlers who claims that they don’t see what their money does because they still live with garbage on their gates is the big challenge observed in this thesis. Unawareness of property tax, inadequacy in the system, obsolete database and long valuation procedures were also identified as challenge. to address the challenges, an immediate attention by the authorities responsible is required to tackle the challenges so as to make the system effective to get the desired results.
An assessment of the contribution of customer relationship management on bank performance the case of people’s Bank of Zanzibar limited
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Abdalla, Zainab.S
Customers are the focal point in the development of successful marketing strategy. Marketing strategies both influence and are influenced by consumers’ affect and cognition, behaviour and environment. In the banking field a unique ‘Relationship’ exists between the customers and the bank. But because of various reasons and apprehensions like financial burdens, risk of failure, marketing inertia etc., many banks are still following the traditional ways of marketing and only few banks are making attempts to adapt CRM. It is with this background, the researcher has made a modest attempt towards the idea that CRM can be adapted uniformly in the banking industry for betterment of Banking Services. The general objective of this study is to assess the contribution of customer relationship management on PBZ performance and specific objectives are to determine if the CRM has any impact on customer loyalty, to find out the extent in which the service provided leads to customer satisfaction in PBZ and to offer pertinent suggestions based on the findings. The study covers the sample of 45 respondents who were the customers of PBZ and 5 officers from the banks including the IT manager, the customer service department, the marketing manager and accountant. The primary and secondary data were collected and analysed using a statistical package for social science (SPSS) and presented in tabular form, chart and graph. The major results showed that there is direct positive relationship between the quality of service offered and customer satisfaction and there is direct positive relationship between CRM programmes of PBZ on customer’s loyalty. The study also showed that there is a significant improvement in bank performance and it was recommended that organizations should understand that CRM is an inevitable tool of marketing that can be considered as Critical Responsibility of Market with regard to Banks in present context. Keywords: Customer Relationship Management, customer loyalty, performance and customer satisfaction.

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