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Item The Tanzania national economic survival programme(Research and Publication Committee, 1982) Mmbaga W.D.S.(Editor); Baguma R.(Editor)During May 20—21, 1982, the Institute of Development Management Mzumbe held a workshop on The National Economic Survival Programme, formally known as “NESP” as opposed to street’s teasing it as Personal Economic Survival Programme (PESP). In all, eight papers were presented and discussed. The first three papers in Part one deal with the evaluation of NESP and Pricing Policy in Tanzania. Part two deals with problems and potentials of external trade, particularly export promotion. The last two papers in part three deal with problems of technology transfer and its impact to Tanzania. The editors believe that the issues addressed to in these papers are of great relevance to Tanzania’s policymakers, senior executives, as well as academicians. The papers are also of sufficiently high calibre; generally simplified tools of analysis and techniques have been carefully and work-manly employed to drive policy issues and problems home. It is our belief that each author has tried to contribute significantly to informed discussion on the current problems that face Tanzania.Item Local government bureaucracy: A comparative study of Tanzanian and Norwegian bureaucrats-attitiudes and behaviors(Mzumbe University and Agder College, 1997) Mpelumbe George; Jacobsen Dag IngvarThis report discusses the possible effects of regime type on bureaucrat’s attitudes and behavior, in particular the political role of bureaucrats. Using the classification scheme of Ferrel Heady, the report outlines possible links between regime type and bureaucratic behavior. To test these links, a comparative study of bureaucrats in local government in Norway and Tanzania was conducted during autumn 1993/winter 1994. A questionnaire was used to tap attitudes and behaviours of bureaucrats. In short we found that Norwegian bureaucrats seemed to be less technocratic than their Tanzanian counterparts. Additionally, we found that bureaucrats in both regimes acted independently of politicians, but in different phases of the policy making process. Norwegian bureaucrats tended to act more autonomously in the preparatory phases, while Tanzanian bureaucrats tended to act more autonomously in the implementing phase. These findings indicate that bureaucrats in both regimes act as independent political actors, but in a different fashion.Item Good practices in environmental management: Moving from trade-off to win-win situation in Tanzania(Mzumbe University and Agder University College, 1998) Aasland Dag G.; Nkya Estomih J.The report provides a background of environmental conditions in Tanzania and, through case study research design, identifies, describes and analyses ‘good practices’ that tend to lead to ‘win-win’ situations in environmental management. The main question that guided inquiry is: what are the economic and institutional conditions for moving from a trade-off to a win-win situation in environmental management? A three stage analytical model informed by Coasian and Pigovian theories of externalities or unintended consequences of economic activity, was used to analyse twelve cases of environmental management in Tanzania. Good practices were found to be characterised by participation of all major stakeholders (both economic and environmental interests), adoption of long-term strategic view of economic interests, local ownership of the environmental management programmes by communities and local authorities, sharing of local indigenous knowledge, raised environmental awareness at local levels, environmental-friendly planning, and decentralization of implementation of environmental policy.Item Apprenticeship and entrepreneurial development in the Tanzania informal sector(Mzumbe University and Agder University College, 1994) Nsana Bernard; Knudsen Harald; Kristiansen SteinEntrepreneurship and the operation of small scale, "micro" firms in the informal sector play an important role in many developing economies. They provide employment and contribute to the creation of economic value in the nations. The acquisition of skills in the informal sector depends mainly on informal apprenticeship programs and experiential learning in the workplace. The study includes description of entrepreneurial roles and apprenticeship programs in different trades in the informal sector in Tanzania. It also explores the nature of innovation, economic performance, marketing and management in the sector.Item Computerizing supply management in Tanzania: A search for approaches(Mzumbe University and Agder University College, 1994) Junker Tore; Kamihanda Anatory M.The basis for the research is the importance of efficient supply management for the Tanzanian economy. Computerization may be one way to increase this efficiency. Based on information from a sample of 41 Tanzanian enterprises, the report describes and analyses the typical patterns in supply - management approaches so far, and suggests a better and more objective approach. Computerization is no easy short-cut to administrative efficiency. The report therefore also discusses the main computerization problems and challenges, and suggests strategies for handling them.Item Urban management: Issues, problems and Trends.(Research Information and Publications Department, 1996) Massawe Aloys A.FThis book is the first in the series of the IDM’s Local Government publications. The publisher is the Department of Research, Information and Publication at the Institute of Development Management, Mzumbe. The book is an attempt to document the spirit and substance of Local authorities in Tanzania. It will provide an additional piece of information regarding local authorities. Local government legislation which aimed at setting paragon institutional structures in Tanzania seem to have some difficulties in interpretations among the practitioners. The book will serve as an aid to effective local government practice and understanding in Tanzania. Other readers may draw some lessons and apply them in their respective countries and environments. The need for more publications in the area of Local Government in Tanzania is obvious. In this book authors give their readers a faithful picture of local government in Tanzania. Local government laws, staff regulations and other related legislation have been applied to highlight on various aspects of the Tanzanian local government system.Item Basic academic writing: A reference guide.(Research, and Publication Department., 1997) Shumbusho G.NWriting is a skill which is not acquired naturally (being the result of maturation process) It is a skill which must be taught and learnt. Any normal human being once born is expected to acquire the language of those around him. Writing however, must be taught formally, It presupposes an instructor (teacher) and a person being taught (learner) in a relatively formal setting It is therefore possible for person to be born, live, and finally die without knowing how to write if not formally taught. It is indisputable among linguistic that language is speech not writing. We normally learn to speak before being introduced to graphic symbols of the language we speak. The most important factor which makes writing difficult as opposed to speaking is the absence of para-linguistic devices. Features such as gestures, facial expression, body posture and intonation are crucial for clarifying the intended meaning. Consequently, a writer has to plan his/her facts very carefully so as to compensate for these para-linguistic features present and applied in the spoken form. My ten years’ experience as a teacher of English for Academic purposes (commonly known as Communication Skills) has shown me that most students in tertiary institutions have a common and serious problem essay writing; particularly essays which are assigned and evaluated by a lecturer. In view of the above, | have tried to help students by writing this reference booklet revolving around what | have observed to be the major problems facing many students. Basic Academic Writing is divided into 9chapters: (1) Pre-writing stage, (2) Essay structure, (3) Paragraphs, (4) Making a good argument (5) Presenting references, (6) Choosing the right words, (7) Punctuation marks, (8) Capitalization, and (9) Grammar.Item Agricultural project planning in Tanzania.(Institute of Development Management Mzumbe, Tanzania and Development and Project Planning Centre University of Bradford, United Kingdom., 1997) Howlett David; Nagu JosephThis handbook focuses on Agricultural Project Planning with special reference to Tanzania. Agriculture plays an important role in the development of many countries especially in Tanzania where it accounts for about half of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It also provides employment to about 90% of the rural population. Agriculture accounts for over 70% of the country's exports earnings. The plight of most the rural population has basically not improved; land productivity is declining; population is increasing. There is considerable experience that the massive injection of foreign funds into this sector has not achieved the desired results, a point highlighted in a recent study by the World Bank. One of the major weaknesses identified has been poor project design. The traditional project cycle used in the past was founded on the premise that the planners and technicians knew the needs of the people. This top down approach did not sustain the projects, or their expected benefits. The fundamental question still remains: what are the most appropriate project designs to make agricultural projects achieve their objectives and be more sustainable? In addition, are traditional textbooks adequately catering for the different needs of the individual farmer in developing countries? These and related questions are very crucial, especially now when resources must be allocated according to market forces. The main objective of this Handbook is to address this issue, and to assist in increasing the national capacity of Tanzania to design better agricultural programmes and projects.Item Gulf crisis and the future of the world.(Research and Publication Committee and Academic Improvement Project., 1993) Chao, Mathew N. (editor)This book is an attempt to contribute to ongoing debates focusing on forces revolving around the Gulf Crisis and the Gulf War in particular. The book is a product of a Workshop held at The Institute of Development Management (IDM Mzumbe) in November 1991 with an intention of discussing the theme: GULF CRISIS AND THE FUTURE OF THE WORLD. The theme had the following Sub themes:Item Market liberalization and the agro-industrial potential in Tanzania(Research, Information and Publication Centre, 1997) Kuzilwa, Joseph A.This book examines the development potentials in the agro-industrial sub-sector in Tanzania, in the light of its past performance and the current economic changes taking place in the country, especially trade liberalization and restructuring and divestiture of parastatal enterprises. A lot of studies have been done on the manufacturing sector as a whole, but none has examined the agro-industrial sub-sector by itself. This book is, therefore, an attempt to analyze some of the available information about this sub-sector, including its resource base, in order to generate conclusion about its development potentials. The topic is considered important because of the obvious linkages between the country's resource base (agriculture) and the-agro-industrial sub-sector.