Dissertations (Masters)-BA-SOB

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Service quality and customer satisfaction in transport service industry in Tanzania : A case of Dar express bus company
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mushi, Onael Walter
Road passenger transport is now recognized as one of the most important means of facilitating movement of people and parcels in the country. Moreover, people are now depending much on road transport due to the poor condition of other inland transport systems notably railways. The important role played by this mode of transport is due to its flexibility, accessibility and affordability to most of the Tanzanian citizens. Under the ERP and IRP reforms, there has been a dominant role played by the private sector in providing passenger road transport services in the country. This was a major shift from past practices whereby government parastatals provided these services. Improvements in road infrastructure, deregulation of tariffs, removal of restrictions in the importation of motor vehicles and the elimination of entry barriers have provided an incentive for private sector involvement in the transport market. However, this has increased the level of competition to transport operators and hence reduced earnings. But on the other side of the coin, there arise a challenge among them to seek and improve other dimensions pertaining quality of the transport service they are providing in order to win the customers. The general objective of the study was to assess the influence of service quality on customer satisfaction in transport service industry in Tanzania focusing on passengers’ transport, taking the Dar Express Bus Service as a case study and methods used in collecting required information for the study were questionnaires, interview and observation. The data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation and regression analyses The findings indicates that passengers are satisfied with the transport services provided with Dar Express Bus Company Limited; Responsiveness, assurance and tangibles dimensions proved to have significant effect on passenger satisfaction. In other words these three dimensions were found to be good predictors of customer satisfaction. The way company handling passengers’ problems including how they give personal attention to them, Visual appealing facilities and willingness to help passengers are the areas that need to be improved. Moreover, the user – friendly printed materials such as timetables, posters and brochures, electronic media such as company website and email should be established.
An assessment of human resource effectiveness in the hospitality industry of Mbeya region:A case of two selected hotels in Mbeya city
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwakipesile, Sekela J.
The underlying thesis of this study is the recognition that hotels, just as is the case in all the other subsectors of the wider tourism industry, require adequate competent and high performing personnel capable of sustaining high performance levels for a long period for them to satisfy the expectations of their customers (to be effective). And once the competent (knowledgeable and skilled) personnel have been identified and recruited, the leadership of hotels needs to help the workers to adopt to their hospitality work and to ensure that their skills and knowledge are kept updated through the use of effective human resource management practices such as professional development and staff motivation. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of employees at two hotels in Mbeya city. Using the multiple-case study design within the qualitative research paradigm, the study had initially planned to use multiple data collecting methods to collect data from the selected hotels. However, due to the problem that for the three of the five hotels research consent had been refused, whereas for the other two (JM and ML) access was so restricted, only the questionnaire method was used to collect data. The data were collected from 38 respondents drawn from all departments to enhance validity. The study established that the human resource capacity of the two hotels is very low and therefore, it is ineffective. The study further established that the ineffectiveness in the human resource capacity of the two hotels originates from ineffective human resource management practices employed by the leadership of the two hotels. It is therefore recommended that, hotel owners should not take staff training as a cost to their organization; they need to train employees in order to equip them with proper skills and knowledge for them to be competent in the industry. Owners of hotels should take employees as assets because this industry it‟s all about people serving people, and it takes a happy and motivated employee to make a happy customer.
Assessment of the effectiveness of channels of distribution models in the sales performance of an organization: The case of Coca-Cola Morogoro region.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Emmanuel, Laswai M.
The study examined Effectiveness of channels of distribution models in the Sales performance of an organization, taking the case of Coca-Cola Morogoro Region. Specifically the study assessed, the extent into which Direct distribution channel affects sales performance, also, to assess the extent into which Indirect distribution channel affects sales performance, additionally, to asses distribution channels being used by competitors with that of Coca-Cola in Morogoro region and lastly to asses distribution channel adopted by Coca-Cola Kwanza Ltd both direct and indirect Morogoro Depot and Control of the retail outlets. This case study research had customers and employees as unit of analysis. It had a sample of 90 respondents, whereby primary and secondary data were collected through the use of interviews, questionnaires, and documentary review. Data were analysed through Statistical Package of Social Science. Findings revealed that distribution channel adopted by Coca-Cola ensures availability of her products, reduce response time and makes information available to her customer in aspect it facilitates positive relationship with her customers and agents. It was also found out that selection of agents/Distributors was based on financial capability, size of firm among others. It was concluded that distribution channel plays important role with respect to the soft drink industry because if products are not available on time consumer will switch on to other brands and the company will lose its market share and hence an effective distribution channel is an important aspect of soft drink industry. Coca-Cola Company kwanza have enjoyed its benefits like easing processes, increasing the supply chain awareness, reducing total costs on distribution of her products. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Coca-Cola Company’s management should be in position to continuously weigh the benefits that accrue from application of distribution channel. Coca-Cola kwanza should ensure strict adherence to the company’s policies and guideline regarding the use distribution channel. Coca-Cola Company should ensure aggressive Marketing, regular visit to distribution
Assessment of baling centres’ utilisation along tobacco value chain in Tanzania: A case of Urambo tobacco region
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Lwoga, Hilary M.
Following alarming problem of poorly baled tobacco, it was considered important to examine the utilisation of the registered baling centres, with a view of identifying hindrances to proper utilisation of baling centres. The broad research question was; what are the problems that hinder the effective utilisation of baling centres in Tanzania? Non-probability method (accidental/convenience sampling) was used to get primary societies for the study while simple random sampling (probability method) was used to get one baling centre from each primary society, for study. The respondents were picked through non-probability methods (purposive sampling). The method for primary data collection involved use of questionnaire to respondents. Secondary data from different tobacco journals and data bases were collected and analysed. Interviews were done with the elements of the study as respondents to identify hindrances for effective baling centres utilization. Data were entered into excel sheet and analysed using pivot tables. The finding showed that baling centres were not enough for the volume of the crop handled. Construction plan was not adhered to, and most of the baling centres have low storage capacity. It was also found that most of the tobacco graders have only on job training, mostly provided by fellow graders. Tobacco transportation to and from baling centres is mainly on head and on bicycles. Another option in use is oxen carts. Tobacco wrapping materials mainly used is jute and hessian clothes; however some farmers use vinyl bags which add NTRM in the baled tobacco and later in the processed tobacco. The study found that most farmers prefer to bale their tobacco at home. The reasons being poor transport facilities and infrastructure, local believes, and poor tobacco security in baling centres. The research recommends that registration of the baling centre should be done after inspection off those baling centres. All stakeholders should fully participate in training the graders and baling centres supervisors. Farmers and primary societies should be advised to buy and use simple transportation technologies like power tillers, motor tricycle, and oxen carts.
Assessment of the access to finance for the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) Zanzibar town region.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Khamis, Ramadhan. K.
This dissertation aimed to assess the accessibility to finance to Small and Medium Entrepreneurs SMEs in Zanzibar Town Region. Study intended to assess and find out the constraints factors of SMEs in accessing funds that affect the performance of entrepreneurs in the Region, and find out whether the access to finance help all small size of enterprises in the Region, also the study intend to identify the alternative sources of finance as well as assess the government support for the accessibility of fund to the growth of SMEs and to find out ways of improving performance of entrepreneurs. The research was conducted in Entrepreneurs level, financial institutions and the Government Organizations which support entrepreneurs in Zanzibar Town Region. The study covered Urban and Western Districts in Zanzibar. Two types of data were collected primary and secondary by using questionnaire, interview, observation and documentation. The findings prove that there has been a positive outcome of people engaging in entrepreneurial activities which alleviate poverty at family level through getting daily income and house rent, paying school fees and paying medical bills and hence alleviate poverty in household level. The study revealed the obstacles which entrepreneur faced in accessing to finance include high collateral requirement to secure loans, high interest rates, long application procedures. On other hand there are some factors which facilitate the entrepreneurs which including institutions which support them financially by providing loan and training. Such training offered to entrepreneurs are like identifying business opportunity that surround them, how to keep business records, how to develop some skills in planning and market of their products and loan or credit management. These trainings are offered by local government experts and officers from vikoba /Sacco’s, non-government organization
The role of strategic planning on organisational performance: A case of immigration department in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Petro, Adam
Strategic plan is a very important tool in the organization management. It shows the direction towards organizational focus and systematically achieving the strategic objectives. The study was about the role of strategic plan in the organization performance and the specific objectives were; to determine the contributions of the strategic plan on the organization performance, to identify how employees can be committed to the organization’s vision and mission, to find out the key components of strategic plan that may lead to organization performance and to measure the level of the strategic plan in determining whether organization is performing or not. The study was descriptive in nature and approached by survey methods, interviews and focus group discussions were also applied in the process of collecting data. The study involved 31 respondents categorized into two groups namely those who hold the managerial positions and those who do not hold managerial positions. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were also involved in analysis. The study revealed that the strategic plan plays a very important role in determining organizational performance; however employees are not involved effectively in the process of formulating the strategic plan, especially employees of the lower cadre. In addition, the immigration department does not have its own independent strategic plan; it is just a part of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Moreover, there is a significant deviation between the budget and the actual fund allocated to the department that acts as a barrier in the implementation of the strategic objectives. With this fact, among other recommendations, the study suggested that employees should be involved in the process of formulating strategic plan and their capacity on strategic plan development should be enhanced. Also fund should be allocated as planned in order to effectively implement strategic objectives.
Community participation in Tasaf funded sub- projects: A case of Babati town council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mselle, Lazaro
The study on community participation in TASAF funded sub- projects was conducted at Babati town council whereby 44 respondents participated. The general objective of the study was to assess the extent of community participation in implementation of TASAF funded sub projects and specific objectives were:- to determine approaches used by the council to involve the community in undertaking development projects, to establish the contributions of the community in the development projects, to determine the factors making the community not to be active in development projects, to identify accountability of funds collected from the community for development projects and to examine the initiatives of town council in improving community participation in the construction of secondary school teachers houses in TASAF funded sub projects. Two villages were selected namely, Kiongozi and Halla. Primary data were obtained through interviews and focus group discussion during the field survey and secondary data were collected from TASAF documents and reports, guidelines, memorandum of understanding, operational manual, journals and books. The study found that the council uses participatory approaches in involving the community. However, the community does not participate effectively as it was expected. It was further found that the community contributes less in development projects. Moreover, it was found that poverty, lack of sensitization, lack of transparency, corruption, fraud and ignorance make the community not to be active in development projects. The study concludes poor community participation was mainly due to low income, several projects being implemented at once, lack of transparency, economic hardship and poor leadership. The study recommends that local authority should effectively involve the community in all planning process. Furthermore, the study recommends that the community should elect leaders who are transparent and committed.
Financial management practices: inefficiencies for self-sustainable on donor funded water projects the case study of global water initiatives program phase 1
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mapunda, K.N
Financial management practices is the key role for self-sustainability on donor funded water projects, and in Tanzania is the factor which undermine efforts for sustainability. Ability to pay to meet cost is the key essential issue in assuring sustainability. The main objective of the study is to assess the financial management practices specifically the inefficiencies in donor funded water projects to support self-sustainable, which eventually will help water entities to achieve sustainability to archive expectation, case study approach was used as means of study. GWI phase one implementation area used as a focal point. Interviews and questioner were used to collect primary data, while secondary data were collected by reviewing butch of documents used in implementation as mean of validating of primary data. SPSS software was used to analyses data which helps to present in form of table and figures which are easy to understand. Issues such as integration between financial planning / monitoring and organization strategies, preparation and sharing of financial information, level of streamlining revenue and source of income were among of financial management related indicators which ware scrutinized. Among of major findings, evidence shows that 65% of executives do not produce financial report decision are based on knowledge and not on reports presented. Revenue collection was weak by 74.7%, slightly improved by the kind of technology deployed where deep well scheme is contributing positive by 65%. The report emphasises the need for pricing based on achieving full cost recovery. To share findings exhausted from this research the most policy implication advice is to look water problem from financial management best practice perspective. Let’s make people accountable on their act or omission which causes non functionality of the water sector, people mast pay based on the value of water. Currently water is not as free gift from god. Also let’s make people understand water entities the same as other business which are driven by surplus
Scrutinization and assessment of loan portfolio diversification in financial institutions in Tanzania: The case of national microfinance bank (NMB)
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Suline, Gastory Vincent
The researcher was dealing with investigation and assessment the extent of loan portfolio diversification in financial Institutions in Tanzania concentrated in National Microfinance Bank (NMB). The study used Hirschman Herfindahl index methods of diversification in bank portfolios. The data collected in NMB banks in Arusha Region in the period of three years from 2010-2012. The source of data included various documents which are internal records of this bank, such as credit review reports, loan concentration for the bank, sample of loan product offered, and annual report obtained from credit department. Data were collected from questionnaire which was sent to bank officers and data analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques. More diversified banks tend to have a lower magnitude value of Hirschman Herfindal Index (HHI) than less diversified banks which implies the higher portfolio diversification for small magnitude values of HHI and lower portfolio diversification for the higher magnitude values of HHI. Diversification indeed lead to increase performance and therefore great safety on the part of the Bank as traditional portfolio and Banking theory, this study investigate the extent portfolio diversification in the aspect of Bank profitability and their portfolio diversification across different industries broader economic sectors and geographical region, the study revealed that the impact of diversification strongly depend on the risk level, good strategies and credit policy and management of risk.
The role of internal auditing on effective use of financial resources in government agencies: The case study of Morogoro urban water supply and sewerage authority (MORUWASA)
(Mzumbe University, 2013) James, Martha
This study was mainly aimed to find out the role of internal auditing on the effective use of financial resources in government agencies in Tanzania; the case of Morogoro Urban Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (MORUWASA), Morogoro Region. In such, the general objectives of the study was; to study the role of internal auditing on the effective use of financial resources in government agencies, and the specific objectives were; to establish the objective of having financial resources in local government agencies, to determine the effectiveness of internal auditing on improving the use of financial resources at MORUWASA, to find out problems encountered by the internal audit department in ensuring effective use of financial resources in MORUWASA, and to furnish recommendations for improvement in effective use of financial resources in MORUWASA. The study used a methodology, which encompassed; interview and questionnaire as methods for gathering data from the sample size of forty respondents. Likewise, findings were presented using figures (like; graphs, pie charts) and tables both illustrated by percentage rates. Based on the findings, this study concluded that internal auditing plays a significant role on the effective use of financial resources in government agencies. For, since internal audit came into effect, all blunders relating to financial misuse were mitigated. The study had also concluded that, the objective of having financial resources in Government Agency included; having the purchasing power and capability of meeting various expenses including; salaries, and many others. The study further concluded that, there was an effectiveness of internal auditing in improving the use of financial resources at MORUWASA, because, with the presence of internal audit, all procedures in meeting any expenses and in utilising any company’s resources could be followed. The study further concluded that, specific problems encountered by the internal audit department in ensuring effective use of financial resources included lack of consistency, lack of co-operation from peers, and many others. The study had recommended public servants to behave patriotically in their works. And employers would improve various motivational aspect as the way to mitigate the said problem. Other studies were recommended to touch either similar or different knowledge area so that they come out with facts which illustrate, or even extend these ones.
Factors considered in the ratings of micro finance institutions and the applicability of these ratings in Tanzania: A case of Mwanza Region
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Kishamba, Ansbert
The major problem faced by microfinance institutions has largely been lack of self sustainability which calls for borrowing externally. These difficulties faced by Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have triggered a great deal of researches on ways through which these problems can actually be addressed. Concern form the financial providers has always been whether the money that they provide will be repaid together with the interest thereon. Addressing this concern, several agencies have been established to help rate the MFIs according to their credit worthiness. This research therefore had the main objective of assessing the factors considered in the ratings of the MFIs and the applicability of these ratings in Tanzania. With specific objectives of seeking to assess the contribution of social factors in ratings, assessing the applicability of the ratings in the Tanzanian context and assessment of procedures followed in ratings, the study deployed secondary as well as primary data. The research deployed the qualitative research approach and borrowing some quantitative measures by applying the ordinal/ordered logit model for the analysis of secondary data while the primary data were mainly analyzed using the percentage. The study found that only the financial factors are considered when rating the MFIs and that social factors have got no bearing at all in the rating that an MFI assigned. The researcher also found out that the rating system can be put into use in the MFI industry in Tanzania and therefore recommends that an agency is established that will help rating the Tanzanian MFIs and therefore getting rid of the current system of issuing the maximum liability certificate.
The factors for budget malpractice among local government authorities in Tanzania: The case of Morogoro Municipal council, Morogoro region, Tanzania.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Issaay, Rehema L.
Specific efforts to bring up changes that will lead LGAs, towards effective budget practice are, however, the most actual core demand from all of their day-to-day operations. By so doing, notably, the solution will be concrete. In such, this study was mainly aiming at identifying factors for budget malpractice in Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania; the case of Morogoro Municipal Council (MMC), in Morogoro region, Tanzania. The methodology employed, had agglomerated a series of methods including; documentary review in gathering secondary data from various sources, while questionnaire and interview were used as specific instruments for gathering primary data from the field (sample size) of 80 respondents. Likewise, tables and figures, both illustrated by percentage, were specifically employed as instruments for presenting data, upon which further analytical/discussion steps were performed, from which; conclusion, and recommendations were drawn upon. Recognizably, specific objectives of the study were; to determine the consequence of fund misallocation on budget practice, to examine whether there is a tendency of lust for misappropriating budget allocated resources among public servants that cause budget malpractice at MMC, to determine whether there is low budget supervision that leads to budget malpractice, and to suggest ways to be adopted by LGAs in effectively using budgets. Based on the findings, the study concluded that factors responsible for the actually ravaging problem of budget malpractice amongst LGAs in Tanzania were; misallocation of budgeted resources especially fund, tendency to misappropriate budget allocated funds by certain public servants, purchasing of non-budgeted items, inappropriate procurement procedure, corruption tendency, theft tendency, and so many others, excluding budget supervision. Based on these findings, particular suggestions were eventually drawn that, if and only if LGAs are to mitigate the problem of budget malpractice, certain ways would necessarily be adopted by them. In fact, theses had included issues like; improve budget supervisions, increase inventory management, increase financial controls, That is to say; much effort and zeal would be placed on internal audit so that budget are appropriately managed and latter on well-practiced as well. Meanwhile, the study had recommended that, public servant would get rid of behaviours relating to safeguarding their personal interests and consequently result into fund misappropriating – the situation, which must always cause budget malpractice to occur most frequently.
Factors contributing to unprofitable yield of coffee in the daughters of Mary Ngorongoro farm in Karatu district
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Magha, Margaretha
Coffee production yield is an area of study that can be studied from different angles. The issue in this study was to study the practice Factors contributing to unprofitability yield of coffee production in Daughters of Mary at Ngorongoro farm as a case study. The objectives of the study were to determine availability of management system in Ngorogoro farm, determine the human resource capability, to examine whether climate was reasonable for coffee production, to identify the types of tools used in farming and processing and also to identify the availability of coffee market. Data were collected through questionnaires and documentary review. Though data analysis was done manually, the collected data were sorted, processed and tabulated before analysis. The research findings revealed that, the farm does not have a stable management system in running coffee production. Many personnel working in different departments of coffee production and processing were insufficient in number and were incompetent. The people around the farm who are engaged as workers of the farm were mostly primary school leavers without any training regarding coffee production. They thus rely mostly on working experience. The study also revealed that the stools used in agriculture and processing are not sufficient. Processing machines are manually operated and uses old technology. Inappropriate tools used cause high cost of production and thus low profit. The price of coffee depend on quality coffee product. This implies that good quality gets high price and low quality gets low price. Moreover, the study revealed that, the market of coffee is readily available around the world. The study recommends that, the farm must form a sustainable management system with competent personnel. This can be done through training of staff in different departments in order to step up coffee production. It is further recommended that this is the time of using modern technology and tools in coffee production to maintain quality and increase the quantity of coffee in international market.
Factors influencing customer satisfaction in bonded warehouse operations. a survey of bonded warehouses – Zanzibar.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Kassim, K.H
Improvement of customer satisfaction level is one of the targets intended to be achieved by Tanzania Revenue Authority in bonded warehouse operations. TRA undertook various initiatives in order to attain the intended target. However, the study conducted by Tetralink Taylor & Associate Tanzania Ltd (2011) revealed that the level of customer satisfaction in bonded warehouse was only 27%, this is an indication that the level of customer satisfaction in bonded warehouse operations is lower and it need improvement. In view of that, the main objective of this study was to asses factors influencing customer satisfaction in bonded warehouse operations where a survey conducted in Zanzibar. Specifically, the study intended to determine the service standards/guidelines to be meet by employees in bonded warehouse operations, the extent of which employees in bonded warehouse adhere to the standards/guideline set, the quality of services offered by employees in bonded warehouse operations, the extent of which are customers satisfied with the quality of services offered in bonded warehouse operations, and drivers influencing customer satisfaction in bonded warehouse operations. The study has adopted descriptive research design; likewise, the study employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches whereby a cross sectional survey method was used. This was achieved through a self-administered questionnaire in obtaining information. Data was collected from sampled clearing and forwarding agents, bond operators, and TRA employees in bonded warehouse. The findings of the study revealed that the most important drivers of customer satisfaction in bonded warehouse operations in Zanzibar are service quality, employee’s behaviours, system network availability, efficient time release system, and customer care. In order to capitalize on the identified drivers/factors to improve customer satisfaction level, TRA-Zanzibar needs to address problem areas associated with the identified drivers/factors.
The role of tax revenue collection on Tanzania budget: The case of Tanzania revenue authority (TRA)
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mnguu, Mbazi E.
The annual budget of many countries depends on tax revenue collections. Therefore it is assumed that when there is poor tax revenue collection the economic growth of a country will be affected. The trends in Tanzania show that before the establishment of TRA, revenue collections were poor and the result automatically affected the annual budget. However, TRA Annual Report (2011/12, p.38) shows that the establishment of TRA tax revenue has led to a slight increase in revenue collection from 2005 to 2012. The main objective of the study was therefore to examine the role of tax revenue in Tanzania budget and analyze the efforts undertaken by TRA to increase tax revenue collection. Three key research questions guided this study were: What is the contribution of tax revenue in Tanzania budget? Why TRA fail to attain its revenue targets? What are the efforts undertaken by TRA to increase tax revenue collection? A sample of 50 respondents was purposefully selected to obtain data from TRA and government officials. Respondents responded for 80 percent and data were collected by questionnaires and interviews. The findings showed that tax revenue contribute largely in Tanzania budget but fails to support the whole budget of Tanzania. Various reasons as to why TRA fails to meet the government budget expectations were established among tax compliancy, tax incentives, tax exemption, corruption and embezzlement of tax revenue in mining sector and shortage of staff to assess and enforce the tax revenue collection. Therefore TRA need to establish close monitoring of retail shops, restaurants, bars, groceries, guest houses, supermarkets associated with petroleum stations for vibrant tax revenue collection. With connections to these, implementation should be enforced.
Impact of dysfunctional conflict in public organization: A case study of COASCO
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mallan, Mbwana O.
Conflict is an ever-present process in human relations. As people are organized into groups to seek a common goal, the probability of conflict greatly increases. All conflicts are not the same, they are different levels. Conflicts occur within family, friends, and co-workers. The purpose of this study is to investigate and study the impact of dysfunction conflict on auditing performance in public organisation.Again it examines some of strategies for resolving conflict at COASCO. Along with this, the study discusses the effects and influence of conflict on the performance at workplace. However, this study analyse the effects of conflict on the organizational goals and auditing performance. Questionnaires were done by using structured questions and distributed to 25 auditors and 15 supporting staff from six (6) regions of COASCO through a simple random sampling. Collected data was analyzed through frequency table in descriptive statistics and multiple responses in order to get the percentage of population engaged in the conflicts, the extent of conflict effects on organization and other findings. The study shows that the organizational and authority conflicts occurred mostly as level and type of dysfunctional conflict respectively. This was happen because there are poor lines of communication, lack of effective leadership and conflicting priorities especially in a resources allocation. The causes of conflict which are frequently occurring are poor organisation system and lack of effective leadership. This is because the organisation system and leaders is not friendly to employees which create ambiguity at work. The majority of auditors said that conflict affects the auditing work through employee’s performance. The mostly strategies used by directors to resolving conflict at COASCO were through mediation and arbitration, due to reason that, the directors were not willing to fulfill the needs of the employees at expenses of the organizations. The research indicates there are two outcomes includes; positive and negative from conflict that is improvement of performance and productivity loss respectively.
The efficacy of housing financing schemes for the development of housing sector in Tanzania: The case of Mlimakola area in Morogoro municipality
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Kamomonga, Abenance L.
This study is about the efficacy of housing financing schemes for the development of housing sector in Tanzania. The study is set to fulfill the following objectives: to identify and assess the opportunities in the effective formal housing financing schemes for LMIHDs and the condition attached to the schemes; to determine patterns of financing housing construction by low and middle income households and the level of their awareness to the schemes of housing financing; to assess the extent of accessibility to the loans issued by financial institutions to the LMIHDs and to identify the challenges for implementing formal housing finance schemes in Tanzania. The case study approach has been preferred research design since it has enabled this study use multiple sources of data, hence data triangulation has been enhanced by the choice of case study design. In this way the study was enabled to validate data and information from questionnaires, interviews and documentary reviews. In so doing both reliability and validity of data in this research were assured. The main findings of this research has been categorized into three groups; namely the findings on the part of the financial institutions, the government and those in the perspective of the LMIHDs. For the financial institutions, the efficacy of the housing financing schemes is affected by the high interest rates charged by these institutions and stringent conditions attached. Some of the schemes of these financial institutions tend to exclude individuals despite being members, for instance LAPF. The government, on its part, limits the efficacy due to cumbersome procedures for securing a title deed. On the part LMIHDs, the obvious fact is that most of them lacked collateral or were not in the secured employment and they automatically did not qualify for the loans. The conclusion drawn in this research is that the efficacy of the housing financing schemes generally is under the discretion of the financial institutions themselves since they are the ones who set the conditions on HFS for the LMIHDs to qualify. Also the government has a significant role in ascertaining that the LMIHDs fulfil such conditions as having the title deeds, building permits and the land is properly planned.
Assessment of funding arrangements for small and medium entreprises (smes): The case of Ilemela district, Mwanza
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Emmanuel, Mwenda T.
The main objective of the study was to assess the funding arrangements available to SMEs in Ilemela district Mwanza region. Specifically the study assessed the source of funds that exists for the start-up and expansion of SMEs in Ilemela District, outlined the main challenges to credit for start up and expansion of SMEs in Ilemela District, identify sustainable sources of funding start up, expansion and development of SMEs in Ilemela district and Identified ways of improving credit availability, accessibility and delivery to SMEs in Ilemela district. A cross sectional research design was adopted, 80 SMEs from eight villages/streets of Ilemela district were randomly selected. Key informants were randomly selected from commercial bank, focus group discussions were also done in the selected villages. Data were collected in selected villages through administration of questionnaire and checklist. Secondary data was collected from Library books and publications from the internet and the ministry of Industry and Trade, Tanzania Chamber of Commerce and SIDO. Data were analyesd using Statistical Package for Social Science software to obtain frequencies and percentages in order to summarize results. Qualitative data collected through focus group discussion and key informant interview method were analysed using structural function content analysis method. The findings of the study show that the sources of funds for SMEs were mainly Personal savings and contribution of friends and relatives, only a small percent comes from business loans, government support and donors contributions. The study revealed that lack of collateral, bureaucracy of bank officials and long procedures were the major challenges of getting loans to SMEs in Ilemela district. The study identified ways of improving credit delivery to SMEs; these include reduced interest rate, introduce loan guarantee schemes and reduced loan requirements such as collateral. It was recommended that there is a need of improving SMEs access to credits, by encouraging private sector to open up more financial institutions and existing ones to increase its networks, this will increase credit availability to SMEs and makes its delivery sustainable. Financial institutions should revise their lending procedures and reduce loan Interest rate to enable SMEs to break even and repay their loans earlier. Also it is recommended that the government and private sector should establish loan guarantee schemes to increase access to credits to start up and expansion of SMEs in Ilemela district.
The role of women development fund in improving the economic status of women in Tanzania: The case of Rombo district
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Tairo, Eudosia Rogath
The study intended to assess the Role of Women Development Fund in improving the economic status of women in Rombo district. The objectives of the study were to: assess sources of funds that support activities of women development groups in Rombo district, examine the approaches through which women in Rombo District access WDF, determine the levels of women income before and after joining WDF in Rombo District, determine the extent to which WDF has really helped women to improve their economic status, identify the factors affecting women in accessing WDF in Rombo District, find out ways to enhance Women access to WDF in Rombo District. A total sample of 56 people were interviewed, of whom 40 included WDF beneficiaries from 8 groups, 6 respondents from community development office, 4 councilors and 4 ward executive officers and 1 cooperative officer and 1 respondent from rural financial service office. Data were collected using questionnaire and indepth interviews as well as secondary data. Both descriptive statistics and graphical analysis techniques computed with the aid of SPSS statistical software were used to arrive to conclusions. The findings revealed that there has been a positive outcome to Women Development Fund (WDF) beneficiaries as a result of borrowing WDF loan as evidenced by increase in income of WDF beneficiaries by 60%, their ability to send children to school, buy household assets, improve family diet, pay medical charges, make savings and increase self-confidence. Also, the study revealed facilitating factors to access WDF as lending approach, low interest rate, availability of training sessions and motivation by others. Inhibiting factors to access WDF were institutional related, business related, family related and Government policy related constraints. The study recommends that amount of loan given to a group should be increased so as to enable WDF beneficiaries to expand their business ventures and loans should be given on time. The Central Government and Local Government should review the vii WDF guidelines to make it effective in satisfying the needs of targeted group hence expand women economic status in Tanzania.
Impact of dysfunctional conflict in public organization: A case study of COASCO
(Mzumbe university, 2013) Mallan, Mbwana Omary
Conflict is an ever-present process in human relations. As people are organized into groups to seek a common goal, the probability of conflict greatly increases. All conflicts are not the same, they are different levels. Conflicts occur within family, friends, and co workers. The purpose of this study is to investigate and study the impact of dysfunction conflict on auditing performance in public organization. Again it examines some of strategies for resolving conflict at COASCO. Along with this, the study discusses the effects and influence of conflict on the performance at workplace. However, this study Analyse the effects of conflict on the organizational goals and auditing performance. Questionnaires were done by using structured questions and distributed to 25 auditors and 15 supporting staff from six (6) regions of COASCO through a simple random sampling. Collected data was analyzed through frequency table in descriptive statistics and multiple responses in order to get the percentage of population engaged in the conflicts, the extent of conflict effects on organization and other findings. The study shows that the organizational and authority conflicts occurred mostly as level and type of dysfunctional conflict respectively. This was happened because there are poor lines of communication, lack of effective leadership and conflicting priorities especially in a resources allocation. The causes of conflict which are frequently occurring are poor organization system and lack of effective leadership. This is because the organization system and leaders is not friendly to employees which create ambiguity at work. The majority of auditors said that conflict affects the auditing work through employee’s performance. The mostly strategies used by directors to resolving conflict at COASCO were through mediation and arbitration, due to reason that, the directors were not willing to fulfill the needs of the employees at expenses of the organizations. The research indicates there are two outcomes includes; positive and negative from conflict that is improvement of performance and productivity loss respectively.