School of Business (SOB)

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Welcome to the School of Business (SoB) Community at Mzumbe University Institutional Repository. Explore a wealth of scholarly works, research publications, and intellectual contributions from the dynamic academic community within the School of Business. Our repository showcases a diverse range of research outputs, including articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, and more, reflecting the innovative and impactful research endeavors of our academic staff, researchers, and students. Discover cutting-edge insights in business administration, procurement and supply chain management, marketing , entrepreneurship, accounting and finance, and related disciplines. The SoB Community is committed to fostering knowledge dissemination, collaboration, and academic excellence. Whether you're a researcher, student, or enthusiast, delve into the wealth of knowledge generated by the School of Business community at Mzumbe University. Join us on a journey of exploration, discovery, and collaboration within the School of Business community's rich academic landscape. Stay informed, inspired, and connected through the diverse research contributions housed in our dedicated repository.

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Factors influencing management of procurement records in Tanzania: A survey of selected procuring entities
(Mzumbe University) Mohamed, B.M
Analysis of local dairy value chain for smallholder pastoralists in Simanjiro District, Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 0201) Sumuni, Catholic
The study aimed at analysis of local dairy value chain for smallholder pastoralists. The first objective was to identify the structure of local diary value chain and key actors’ roles. This study found that, the local dairy value chain in Simanjiro consist five (5) distinct stages, namely; input supply, milk production, trading, processing and consumption. The main actors in the dairy value chain were input suppliers, milk producers, milk traders, milk processors and milk consumers. The second objective was to explore chain strategies developed by chain actors in market milking. Results showed that; actors’ chain-strategies developed were; contractual agreement between pastoralists and milk buyers, actors often attending trainings on milk marketing, and pastoralists’ collective actions whereby benefits are accrued by being member of milk marketing groups. Third objective was to identify business challenges facing local dairy value chain actors in the study area. Findings revealed that, challenges identified to exist were; Seasonal fluctuations in milk availability, Livestock diseases, lack/few market channels for milk and milk products, poor cold chain infrastructures, facility breakdowns, quality aspects and low capacity of existing processing units. The conclusions attained through findings discussion recommended the following; Sensitize value chain concept as an economic tool to develop milk and milk products value chain, Improving efforts of milk producers on milk production and livestock management, and improvement of existing small scale milk processing units.
Assessment of the determinants towards inventory control performance in public hospitals in Tanzania: A case of selected public hospitals in Dar es Salaam Region
(Mzumbe University, 0201) Shadrack, Judith
This dissertation was about to analyze the determinants towards inventory control performance in public hospitals in Tanzania. The specific objectives were to examine medical stock storage systems for hospitals and their influence on inventory control performance, to assess the effect of staff competence on inventory control performance, and to establish the suppliers’ influence on performance of inventory control. The study was conducted in selected public hospitals located in Dar es Salaam region. From the population of 198 a sample of 99 respondents was obtained. The methods of data collection were questionnaire and interviews the selection techniques of the respondents were purposive sampling and simple random sampling. This study involved mixed strategies which were qualitative and quantitative analysis .From the study, it was observed that the engagement of medical stock storage system which influence inventory control performance were storage location, size of warehouse, warehouse layout. Due to analysis, the researcher found that medical storage systems have significantly influence on inventory control performance. However, the analysis showed that training for incoming employees and development for existing employees are important to any organization. The suppliers which brought about influence on inventory control were capability, and delivery influence. The analysis showed suppliers have insignificantly influence on inventory control performance. The recommendations are management should make sure that they have competent staff and develop them who are in-house so as to help in the running of the system. The public hospital and other organization should take an action to improve communication and information system to assist in monitoring of inventory especially between vendors and public hospitals. Also, Organizations should allow their employees to attend training provided by PSPTB so as to improves their staff professionalism and hence obtain value for money
The learning experiences of batik and tie and dye small-scale exporters in Arusha and Dar es salaam, Tanzania
(African Clothing and Footwear Research Network, 2005) Rasheli, G. A; Mosha, Goodluck E.
This study used the Learning Organization theoretical framework. It aimed at looking at how tie and dye and batik entrepreneurs are learning to export their products in both regional and international markets. The units of enquiry in this qualitative research were small-scale batik and tie and dye garment producers as well as firms involved in production and export. Arusha and Dar es Salaam were selected as areas of study because of their activeness in batik and tie and dye business. Seven cases from each town were selected with the snowballing technique being used, where one respondent was asked to identify the other. Primary data was collected for analysis using a structured interview guide. The results showed that the more experienced entrepreneurs learn how to export more than the relatively inexperienced ones, and there were more women entrepreneurs than men. That exporting had more children and dependents than those who sold locally. They learn e d to export to g e t m o re income to support their families. The impact of education was not clear as entrepreneurs with different levels are involved in export. Most export to the East African region. Entrepreneurs learn to export by participating in exhibitions, promoting their business, dealing with intermediaries and training received in their former jobs, including UNIDO, SIDO, ADAT, Tabata Development Fund and Anglican Development Agency. They also learn through work experience, networking, export procedures, business employees and also through solving customers’ complaints. Local authorities in areas where the batik business is active should help in training these people on marketing especially regionally and internationally. NGOs dealing with entrepreneurship should focus their training on marketing issues instead of dealing with production only. Since the study is a qualitative one with a small sample, a further survey is needed to quantify the results to make more general conclusions.
Financial sustainability of rural microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Tanzania
(University of Greenwich (London), 2010) Nyamsogoro, G. Daniel
Abstract An enduring problem facing microfinance institutions is how to attain financial sustainability. Several studies have been conducted to determine the factors affecting financial sustainability of microfinance institutions using large and well developed MFIs in various countries. However, no such study has been conducted in rural Tanzania where majority of MFIs are small, most of which are member-based (cooperatives). Consequently, the factors affecting their financial sustainability are not known. This study, therefore, was set to bridge this knowledge gap. This study followed a quantitative research approach using panel data regression as the main data analysis technique. The study was based on four years primary and secondary data obtained from 98 sampled rural MFIs in Tanzania. We found that microfinance capital structure, interest rates charged, differences in lending type, cost per borrower, product type, MFI size, number of borrowers, yield on gross loan portfolio, level of portfolio at risk, liquidity level, staff productivity, and the operating efficiency affect the financial sustainability of rural microfinance institutions in Tanzania. The study makes the following key contributions to knowledge in addition to determining factors affecting financial sustainability of rural microfinance institutions in Tanzania: First, the study reveals that there exists simultaneous causality relationship between financial sustainability and breadth of outreach. When this relationship is not considered in determining factors affecting financial sustainability there may be inconsistent evidence on the existence of mission drift. Second, it unveils the trade-off between financial sustainability and breadth of outreach with regards to the minimum loan size when group lending is used. That is, larger loan size, while improves profitability, reduces the breadth of outreach. Third, the study provides empirical evidence that the impact of a particular lending type on microfinance institution‟s profitability will depend on the term to maturity and number of instalments reflected in its lending terms. Fourth, consistent with the institutionists‟ view, the study provides empirical evidence that financial sustainability of microfinance institutions improves their breadth of outreach. Lastly, the study documents the applicability and limitations of previous studies to rural microfinance institutions in Tanzania.
Financial sustainability of rural micro finance institutions (MFIs) in Tanzania
(The University of Greenwich, 2010) Nyamsogoro, Ganka Daniel
Abstract An enduring problem facing microfinance institutions is how to attain financial sustainability. Several studies have been conducted to determine the factors affecting financial sustainability of microfinance institutions using large and well developed MFIs in various countries. However, no such study has been conducted in rural Tanzania where majority of MFIs are small, most of which are member-based (cooperatives). Consequently, the factors affecting their financial sustainability are not known. This study, therefore, was set to bridge this knowledge gap. This study followed a quantitative research approach using panel data regression as the main data analysis technique. The study was based on four years primary and secondary data obtained from 98 sampled rural MFIs in Tanzania. We found that microfinance capital structure, interest rates charged, differences in lending type, cost per borrower, product type, MFI size, number of borrowers, yield on gross loan portfolio, level of portfolio at risk, liquidity level, staff productivity, and the operating efficiency affect the financial sustainability of rural microfinance institutions in Tanzania. The study makes the following key contributions to knowledge in addition to determining factors affecting the financial sustainability of rural microfinance institutions in Tanzania: First, the study reveals that there exists a simultaneous causality relationship between financial sustainability and breadth of outreach. When this relationship is not considered in determining factors affecting financial sustainability there may be inconsistent evidence on the existence of mission drift. Second, it unveils the trade-off between financial sustainability and breadth of outreach with regards to the minimum loan size when group lending is used. That is, larger loan size, while improving profitability, reduces the breadth of outreach. Third, the study provides empirical evidence that the impact of a particular lending type on microfinance institution‟s profitability will depend on the term to maturity and number of instalments reflected in its lending terms. Fourth, consistent with the institutionists‟ view, the study provides empirical evidence that financial sustainability of microfinance institutions improves their breadth of outreach. Lastly, the study documents the applicability and limitations of previous studies to rural microfinance institutions in Tanzania.
Trade credit in the Tanzanian rice market
(University of Groningen, SOM research school, 2010-10-14) Kihanga, Ernest P.
To access "abstract" for this Thesis use this link : https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/197b89a2-c17c-4d00-80c7-b2ebe4c0bb12 Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.
The Role of internal audit unit in safeguarding the public funds in local government authorities: The case of Sumbawanga Municipal council
(Mzumbe University, 2012) Mbasya, Ernest Baroma
The study aimed at looking on the role of Internal Audit Unit on Safeguarding Public Funds on Local Government Authorities ; the case of Sumbawanga Municipal Council. Safeguarding Public Funds on Local Government Authorities depends much the level of performance of the management and the IAU is supposed to check if the Management perform its duties according to the controls and guidelines, so the report of the IAU must reveal the level of performance of the management so if there is weaknesses we expect the IAU to be in the first line to reveal such weaknesses. Though there is IAU in SMC but still do not reveal the weak performance of the management of SMC. The objectives of the study were to identify the functions of the IAU in SMC so as to check why it does not reveal the weak performance of the management which causes the misuse of the public funds. The level of competence of the internal auditors was examined to see if they are competent to perform their work. The level of independence also was examined to check if they are independent in mind and appearance. The level of objectivity was examined to see if the internal auditors are free from conflict of interest in their normal works. Data for the study were collected by means of interviews and sample questionnaires in which a total of 90 respondents participated in the study. Research findings indicate that IAU has not done enough to safeguard Public funds in local governments because the section instead of ensuring that public funds are properly safeguarded , it ends-up with reports which do not reveal the misuse of the public funds so that many stakeholders recently decide to rely much on Safeguarding Public Funds like the CAG’s report. Based on these findings, it shows that the IAU in Sumbawanga Municipal Council failed to reveal the misuse of the public funds so as to make sure that the government officials accountable in various ways on safeguarding the public funds. Therefore, there is a need to check out the reporting channel of the IAU so as enable them to be more independent in their work for example the IAU have to report to the Internal Auditor General and not Municipal Director. There is a need also to provide on-job training so as to increase the level of competence and provision of proper guidelines and other support like adequate financial ability.
University entrepreneurship education in Tanzania : Teaching context, students’ profiles, expectations and outcomes
(Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2012) Mwasalwiba, E.S.
This study assesses the impact of entrepreneurship education in Tanzanian universities. It explores the teaching methods, student profiles, expectations, and outcomes associated with these programs. Through mixed research methods involving qualitative and quantitative data from multiple institutions, the study finds that while university entrepreneurship education significantly influences students' entrepreneurial intentions, it faces challenges in meeting their expectations. Key factors affecting its effectiveness include misalignment of teaching objectives, limited practical engagement with local business contexts, and the need for better understanding of students' entry profiles. The findings suggest improvements for curriculum design and policy interventions to enhance the impact of entrepreneurship education in Tanzania
Influence of working capital management in organization performance: A case study of Zanzibar Social Security Fund (ZSSF)
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Akida, Hamad
Working capital management has lately been a hot topic since the financial crisis of the late 2000’C, Companies search for liquidity and operational efficiency by minimizing their investment in working capital. How can the influence of working capital management affect organization performance? This has been studies in this thesis. Specifically, the study was set in order to meet three objectives, namely; to analyze trend of Net Working capital at Zanzibar Social Security Fund, to assess the efficient of Net Working capital at ZSSF and to examine the contribution of net working capital to organization performance at ZSSF. To achieve these objectives, the study used a sample of 50 respondents who were randomly selected. Data collected by use of questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentary reviews were computed and analyzed by using SPSS computer software and Excel program. Tables and figures were used to helps the presentation of the findings. The efficient of working capital management can be determined by the working capital components such as cash, account receivables, account payables, inventories and other receivables. By testing five independent variables with organization performance by reducing cash, inventory and efficiency management of other components. The main findings indicate that ZSSF consider working capital management an important issue, yet some challenges appeared on efficiency on the payment of monthly pensionable amount to its pensioners. It is evident that the respondents placed greater emphasis or importance on the analysis of trend of net working capital, assessing the efficient of net working capital and contribution of net working capital to organization performance. Some effort is made to manage cash, accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable and other receivables independently of each other, however given the theory of working capital management; there may be room for improvement regarding the strategies, tactics and techniques used to manage these components. Furthermore, the findings suggest that working capital management is also strategic as it impact on the liquidity, solvency/bankruptcy, efficiency, profitability and shareholder wealth maximization of the business. In light of the findings, it was recommended that ZSSF should improve the process of payments to its members and should ensure that benefits are paid timely and to the right person. Also the comparative study of the research should be conducted in order to assess the influence of working capital management on the performance of various pension funds operated in Tanzania. As part of this study a further area for research should be empirical investigations into the impact of working capital on company performance specifically in the service sector industry, and here the case study approach could be considered.
Challenges facing tax collection from small and medium taxpayers: A case study of Mwanza tax region
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mlay, Edwin Harold
This study explores challenges facing tax collection from informal sector in Tanzania. Specifically, the study aims to achieve the following objectives; to establish the factors influencing willingness of informal enterprises to pay taxes, to establish the factors hindering procedural tax obligations and to establish alternative mechanisms for improving tax collection. The study involved a total number of 98 respondents from 4 Blocks in Mwanza City Council, of whom 88 were small and medium taxpayers. Other respondents were 3 tax consultants, 6 tax officials and 1 Regional Manager from Domestic Revenue Department (DRD) Mwanza Tax Region. The study used non probability sampling where purposive and convenient sampling techniques were used to obtain the above mentioned respondents from total population. Questionnaires were used as the main tool of collecting data. Findings of this study reveal that willingness of small and medium taxpayers to pay tax depend on the tax morale, low transaction costs, a functioning tax administration and capacity in auditing and monitoring tax payments from the small and medium taxpayers. It was also revealed that rampant tax evasion by the small and medium taxpayers is the result of lack of cordial methods of tax collection. The study also reveals the importance of establishing an alternative mechanism to improve tax collection from the small and medium taxpayers including the use of Public Private Partnership (PPP), rationalizing tax rate and designing unique tax structure for informal sector. Lastly, the study recommends that there is a need to have the sector specifics strategy of tax collection that will enhance tax collection from the informal sector so as to minimize gap between the available tax revenue potential against the actual taxes collected.
Role of foreign direct investments on reducing unemployment rate in Tanzania: A case of Alliance one Morogoro tobacco processing company
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Munanka, Peter M.
This study aimed at finding the role of FDI on reducing unemployment rate in Tanzanian. The interest to conduct the study was prompted by the recognition that most important factor of shifting poor people out of poverty is access to employment being it formal (employed by an organization) or informal (self-employed). The study was conducted at Alliance One Tobacco Tanzania Limited, specifically to find out people’s awareness towards organizations under FDI, to determine people’s perception towards being employed under FDI firms, to find out the kind of training package provided by organizations under FDI, and to determine the level of employee’s turnover within organization under FDI. The sample size was 60 respondents who are currently employed by Alliance One Tobacco Tanzania Limited (AOTTL) and 10 respondents who were formally employed by AOTTL. Structured questionnaires were used to interview employees of AOTTL together with those who were formally employed by AOTTL. Check-list was also utilized to collect information form key informants. The data was analyzed statistically by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) computer program to obtain frequency distribution and percentages. It was discovered that FDIs’ contributes in reducing unemployment rate in Tanzania although is of a diminutive percentage compared to the present population. It has as well been discovered that FDIs’ including AOTTL are facing different challenges like employment turnover which is caused by factors like ; new posts, management style, job environment, employment security and salary to mention few. It was also been discovered that most of people have no or very little knowledge about FDI. It has been therefore advised that, the government should encourage more foreign investments so as to increase the government fund and to reduce the unemployment rate in Tanzania. Knowledge on FDI should as well be disseminated to the community. The existing FDIs should improve the employment security to their workers, management style should be personalized, job environment should be tailored and salary should be related to the employees’ level of knowledge and positions they hold in the company to reduce the rate of employment turnover.
The performance of internal audit in managing organization risk : A case study of Azania bank limited (Head Office)
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Baltazari, Upendo
The purpose of this study was to examine the functions/roles of internal audit in assisting management in managing risk in organizations/institutions. Azania Bank Ltd was taken as a case study. The objectives of the study was to Identifying the functions and scope of internal audit in the company, Identifying the risks that Azania Bank Ltd face and how it affects their performance Identifying the role of internal audit in assisting management in managing risk at the Azania Bank Ltd and Examining strengths and weaknesses of internal audit in assisting management in managing risk in Azania Bank Ltd for provision of better services to the customers as a way of improving its performance. The study uses case study design and 50 was the sample and sampling technique includes stratified sampling in which respondents are arranged in groups, data collection tools include interviews, questionnaires, documentary review and physical observation The main findings of the study was Internal Audit Units in the selected areas lack autonomy mainly attributable to inadequate funding, involvement of Internal Auditors in non- audit work, inadequacy of staff training, Audit programs are prepared according to the set standards issued inadequate management support, internal audit staffs adhere to the ethical standards, Staff awareness of risk and management response to recommendations of the Internal Auditors report is very minimal. Researchers Recommend that Audit should be risk based audit, Identify risk before it occurs, Provision of risk education, Frequency inspection, Strong internal controls, Auditor’s independence and to increase number of staff.
Impact of social franchising strategy in family planning services to clients’ satisfaction in Tanzania: A case study of PSI –Tanzania, Morogoro.
(Mzumbe university, 2013) Msafiri, Godwin B
Social franchising strategy in family planning is a contractually obligated network of private health providers that use commercial franchising methods to provide better quality and accessible family planning services to the community. PSI/Tanzania is implementing a national-wide social franchising program – Familia, to enable women to access high quality and yet affordable health services. The program is designed to save four main objectives; to increase access to Family planning services, improve quality of family planning services provided, to strengthen cost effectiveness of the family planning services provided and to enhance equity in accessing family planning services. The motive behind carrying out this study is to replicate the positive results from studies done in other countries on social franchised family planning services and client satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of social franchised strategy in family planning to client satisfaction in Tanzania. This is a descriptive study design conducted in Morogoro region. The sample population was the women of reproductive age who received family planning services from the social franchised facilities. A snow ball method was employed to obtain a desired sample, sixty-five (65) serviced women. Primary data were collected through interviews. Data analysis was carried through Statistical Package for Social science (SPSS) program where descriptive and quantitative data analyses were both employed. Findings revealed that, most of the respondents were serviced with FP methods and all of them were satisfied with the services from the social franchised FP health facilities. Therefore, the social franchised facilities from the study prove to ensure client satisfaction. Thus, from the study, it is recommended that the model should be adopted to all private health facilities with reproductive health services and extend the scope and scale of the services to Tanzania.
Factors leading to employee job dissatisfaction: A case of Kinondoni district,
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwaisela,Flora A
This study investigated the factors which lead to employees’ job dissatisfaction in Tanzania Local Government Authority. The study was conducted in Kinondoni Municipality in Dar es salaam region. A sample of 82 respondents was used in this study. Purposive sampling was applied in selecting of the departments and simple random sampling in selection of respondents from each department. Data were collected using questionnaire, interview and documentary review. Statistical packages for social sciences were employed in data analysis. It was revealed from the study that majority of employees in Kinondoni Municipality are dissatisfied with their jobs. The factors responsible for job dissatisfaction are insufficient salary and allowances, unsatisfactory working environment relation, few opportunities for career development, poor physical working environment, nature of supervision and low valuing and utilization of employees’ skills. The study also revealed that job dissatisfaction has consequences to employees’ intentions to leave the job in the municipality as well as poor services delivery. Pulling factors for intention to leave the job revealed to be high salary and attractive allowance, good working environment and achievements appreciated as well as availability of opportunities for growth. The recommendations given out to KMC is to improve management-employees relations, improve physical working environment, give weight to all types of communication (top down, bottom up as well as horizontal communication) and insisting on employee and management meetings. It is also suggested that KMC should be transparent in procedures involved in promotion, training and nature of supervision should be friendly.
The Impact of village community banks on households food security: A survey study of Fulwe village in Morogoro Rural District.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Katondo, Jeru
The study sought to investigate the Impact of Village Community Bank (VICOBA) on Households Food Security. The food production is normally satisfactory at national level, but food insecurity continues to be a challenge to some section of the population in both rural and urban areas. When farmers put their money in the Village Community Bank (VICOBA), they secure their livelihoods and establish supportive system throughout each other. Specifically, the study sought to determine participation in Village Community Bank (VICOBA), major services offered by VICOBA, the likelihood of farmers uses their credit in agricultural food production, mitigating the food prices fluctuations buying extra food during harvest, and finally, to evaluate the credit use in maintaining the food storage means to enhance household food security. The study involved a survey design to Village Community Bank (VICOBA) members and non VICOBA members, which were randomly sampled from Fulwe Village in Morogoro Rural District. The sample consisted of 62 respondents who included 39 women and 23 men. Instruments for data collection included Documentary review, Questionnaires and Interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The findings revealed that VICOBA members were influenced to join the group because of the following determinants: the financial services, the sense of unity that bring them together solving social problems, the interest rates which pegged lower than other financial institutions. The major financial services discovered are savings through buying community shares and deposits coming from contribution known as jamii, the provision of loans, training and yearly giving back annual profit, residual jamii and individual savings. The findings came up with the evidences that the majority of rural population adhered to set their VICOBA credit use on agricultural activities, whether directly or indirectly involved, about 81.5 % responded that “they were being involved in VICOBA activities in order for them to get resources for agricultural activities”. Finally based on findings, union is strength in view of the fact that through cooperatives the society can be transformed. The adoption of VICOBA became the best economic block to farmers as it assured the safety of their money and food security
Effects in high cost in the issuance of a bank guarantee by commercial banks in Tanzania:The case of CRDB bank plc
(Mzumbe Unversity, 2013) Kalokola, Eustadius
The study was mainly aimed at assessing the causes of high cost in the issuance of bank guarantee by commercial banks in Tanzania; CRDB Morogoro Branches were selected as being an appropriate representative. The study used a cross sectional study design which specifically deployed a diagnostic study in directing towards discovering what is happening, why is it happening and on what can be done on high costs pertaining to Bank Guarantees with Tanzanian Banks. The sample size of the study comprised of 53 respondents. Objectives of the study were to determine the extent to which Bank Guarantees are preferred by customers, identify factors which are considered in establishing the issuance cost, establish components involved in coming up with issuance cost and lastly seek justification for including those components in coming up with issuance cost or cost of a bank guarantee. The study found that majority of customers prefers bank guarantee since it assures their clients regarding completion of the contract. It was further found that banks consider factors such as value of the contract, asset pledged as collaterals, reputation of the customer (credit worthiness) and nature of his/ her business. More ever, it was found that banks when computing issuance cost they include components such as application fee, mortgage fee, legal fee and valuation fees. The study concludes that bank guarantees are generally preferred by customers. It has further concluded that issuance costs are based on necessary procedures that banks must follow before issuing the guarantee. It is therefore concluded that, there is justification for the issuance cost to be high since they are based on necessary procedures that must be followed by the banks before providing guarantees to their customers. The study recommends that costs which are not very necessary in providing guarantees be removed. These include the cost of mortgage and valuation fee.
Perfomance of outsourcingt revenue collection in local government authority: A case of Mbarali district council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Ngallawa, Rajabu Mohamed
In recent years many Government Authorities have reformed their tax collection systems in order to increase revenue and minimize the operating costs that was associated in revenue collection.Being the case,most of the Local Government Authorities have decided to outsource the revenue collection activities to other organisations.Outsourcing is the art of assigning certain functions of a company to another external company or agency in bid to enhance quality of services,minimize costs and bring frexibilities to the operations.Mbarali District Council is among those organisations which decided to outsource the revenue collection activities.The reason behind was the large amount which was spent in generating those revenues. This study therefore aimed at determining the performance of outsourcing revenue collection in Local Government Authority taking Mbarali District Council as a case whereby specifically the study aimed at determining the determinant factors for outsourcing of revenue collections, assessing constraints experienced in the revenue collection practices and determining improvement measures for revenue collection through outsourcing. Design a research venture involved of data, organizing and analyzing data to achieve the research objectives and purpose whereby 80 respondents were involved in the study. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and excel computer programmes and results were presented in tables, charts and histograms. According to the study findings, it was revealed that, the major factors for determining outsourcing to be the district ability to outsource considering the constraints to the outsourcing which include according to the findings; workload to the district activities. There was found also measure for the revenue collection through outsourcing to be in place. In that respect it was concluded that the district should strive on outsourcing in order to improve district development and that all constraints should be worked on with collaboration between the government and other stakeholders.Also the private collectors should abide to contract signed which includes submission of revenue on time, returning the used books on time and follow up the procedure during the process of collection
The influence of price on seaweed farming growth: A case of East coast region of Zanzibar.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Seif, Riziki S.
This thesis aimed at Assessing the Influence of Price on Seaweed Farming Growth in East Coast Region of Zanzibar. The question behind is to explore the seaweed farming activities which carried out by seaweed farmers so as to alleviate poverty in order to improve their standard of living. The study intended to identify steps taken by seaweed farmers to get competitive price and find out steps taken by government to promote seaweed farming in East Coast Region of Zanzibar. The research was conducted in three levels, East Coast Region of Zanzibar, Seaweed Companies and Government organizations which were concerned with seaweed farming. The study covered three wards namely, Paje, Bwejuu and Jambiani. Two types of data were collected primary and secondary data by using questionnaire, observation and documentation. The findings proved that there has been a negative influence of price on seaweed farming growth hence causes the low production of seaweed. The study revealed the obstacle which seaweed farmers faced include low price of seaweed to compare with the cost that the cultivators deserved, Stealing of seaweed during cultivation and drying season, Sometime seaweed was cutting in small pieces and lost in the water. Presence of seaweed diseases such as fungus/fungal disease, conflict between seaweed cultivators and other people who use marine for their economic purposes, for example fishermen and tourism investors., Increasing of investment of tourist hotel in the area of seaweed farming, lack basic farm inputs to enhance the production of seaweed and lack of knowledge for the competitive price of seaweed in the world market. The study come up with recommendation that, provision of training, improving technology and seaweed market strategies will help seaweed farmers and government at all to achieve their goal.
The influence of credit accessibility on smallholder rice farmers’ performance in Tanzania: A case of Mbarali district
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Maduhu, Marco
Tanzania had been implementing Public Procurement Reforms with the aim of promoting value for money in procurement and contracts management. Donors, taxpayers and other stakeholders expect positive results from these reforms by increasing transparency, fairness, accountability and compliance of laws in Public Procurement. Though, procurement systems are strongly regulated, their implementations rarely assure attainment of value for money in construction projects. This study was aimed in assessing factors affecting achievement of value for money in construction projects implemented by Regional Secretariats and giving recommendations on how they can be resolved. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in this research. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews observation and documentary review. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel packages were used in data analysis. The analyzed data are presented in the form of tables, bar charts, pie charts, percentage distribution and linear charts. Construction projects in Tabora Regional Secretariat were noted being facing challenges like unrealistic budget and cash flow, delaying, poor quality, cost overrunning, incompetent contractors and weak consultancy services. The community was not fully involved in development projects; this resulted in poor ownership of the projects when handled over to the community. For attaining the "Big Results Now" the Government is urged to widen Tax base for the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) to collect more revenue from taxes, so as to enable the Government to finance development projects effectively without depending on donors; Prioritize few projects which can be financed fully, implemented effectively and produce intended output within a short time; and promote stakeholders‟ involvement in planning, monitoring and evaluation of projects for creating sense of ownership, transparency and accountability of the Government to taxpayers.