Accounting and Finance

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Welcome to the Accounting and Finance Community at the School of Business, Mzumbe University (SoB MUIR)! Our Institutional Repository is a central hub for academic excellence, featuring a wide range of research, theses,dissertations, and contributions from our faculty and students. We focus on the latest in financial management, accounting, and economic trends, encouraging researchers, students, and professionals to explore our work. Our community is dedicated to advancing knowledge, fostering innovation, and highlighting our achievements in accounting and finance. Join us as we contribute to the evolving field of financial education and research.

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End date: 2024Subject: search.filters.subject.Local Government Authorities

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Constraints facing small and medium enterprises towards tax payment in local government authorities: A case study of Kilwa District Council
    (Mzumbe University, 2013) Machela, Ally H.
    Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are unique phenomena for the tax system, besides the wage earners, who are only subjected to income tax withholding; they form the bulk of taxpayers in the tax net. At the same time small businesses are the major contributors to the informal economy resisting tax payment and operating outside the tax net. This study aims at evaluating the SMEs constraints towards tax payment in local government authorities. In order to carryout out this study, the researcher used a case study design, where Kilwa district council was chosen because is familiar place by the researcher as an employee of the district council hence easy of getting required information. The researcher collected two types of data, the primary data and the secondary data. Primary data were collected through questionnaire, interview and observation while secondary data were collected through documentary review. All data were analyzed and presented in tables and figures with the help of descriptive analysis under SPSS. The findings shows that SMEs feel they pay high tax rates regardless of their business size and receive a little return on the tax paid. This has impacts on their willingness to pay tax and contributes to eroding people’s trust in the local governments’ capacity to provide the expected services. Moreover the lack of confidence on the use of government money and the methods and procedures taxes are collected affect SMEs’ perceptions towards taxation. Uncompromising and non-transparent approaches to collect taxes, fees and charges which are also many, may actually foster tax evasion and disrespect of tax laws. The study therefore concludes that it is imperative to establish mechanisms for improving relations between the local revenue collection and the taxpayers (SMEs). Relevant measures being establishing more accessible and transparent payment facilities, certainty of tax payment dates and use fair and reasonable tax enforcement.
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    Implementation of accrual based International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) in the local government authorities: A case of Dodoma region
    (Mzumbe University, 2018) Matekele, Charles K.
    This research examined the implementation of accrual-based IPSAS in the LGAs. The study adopted a survey design. Based on extant literature, a structured questionnaire was developed. Then a drop-and-pick method was employed to administer the survey instrument to accountants and auditors from LGAs in Dodoma region. We successfully obtained 150 useful responses and applied factor analysis to determine the factors and multiple regression. The first objective was to identify the factors which influence implementation of accrual based IPSAS in the LGAs. According to factor analysis performed, 15 factors were identified as the factors influencing implementation of accrual-based IPSAS. Such factors include staff experience, understanding and skills, in-house training necessity, involvement of professional accountants with high ethical conducts and hope for future business opportunities including attraction of development partners. The study also examined how the identified factors affect implementation of accrual-based IPSAS in the LGAs. Our findings show that staff experience, in-house training necessity, understanding and skills, involvement of professional accountants and publication of financial statements with the standardized format; significantly influence implementation of accrual-based IPSAS in the LGAs. Other factors like sanctions by regulatory authorities, pressure from development partners and adequate implementation policies were also reported to have a significant impact. Finally, the study examined the influences of demographic factors in implementation of accrual-based IPSAS in the LGAs. Gender, professional qualification and education level were found to have a positive significant influence while age and number of years of service in the LGAs had a negative impact in the implementation of accrual-based IPSAS in the LGAs. We recommend further studies to examine an alternative way of measuring accrual based IPSAS implementation. In addition, since this research involved 7 LGAs in Dodoma out of 185 found in Tanzania Mainland, further studies should take into account the rest of the LGAs in Tanzania and abroad
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    Implementation of internal audit recommendations in the Local Government Authorities (LGAS): A case of Dar es salaam region
    (Mzumbe University, 2019) Katuli, Hamadi
    This study investigated the implementation of Internal Audit Recommendations in the Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Dar es Salaam Region. The study employed survey design in which structured research questionnaire was involved. We applied drop and pick technique which resulted into 54 usable questionnaires. The researcher used Descriptive Statistics and Multiple Regression Analysis to examine the implementation of internal audit recommendations in the LGAs. The study found that, there is a satisfactory degree of Implementation of Internal Audit Recommendations. It was further found that, unclear IA Recommendations, shortage of qualified staff and inadequate management support hinders implementation of IA Recommendations in the selected LGAs in Dar es Salaam Region. The study also revealed that, factors which significantly influence implementation of IA recommendations are Involvement of Senior Management, Annual CPD hours, IA trainings, Size of IA Unit and Non-performance of non-audit activities. From the findings of the study it was concluded that, factors which influence implementation of IA Recommendations in the LGAs are Involvement of Senior Management, Annual CPD hours, IA trainings, Size of IA Unit and Non-performance of non-audit activities. Finally, the study recommends that, the rest of the LGAs should learn from the Dar es Salaam Region on how the Internal Audit Recommendations are implemented. In addition, further studies should be carried on in relation to Implementation of Internal Audit Recommendations not only in Dar es Salaam Region, but also in the rest of the LGAs. This could involve District Councils and not Municipal Councils.
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    Effectiveness of internal audit roles in promoting good governance in local government authorities: A case study of Mtwara District council
    (Mzumbe, 2013) Nalinga, Salima
    The aim of this study was to find out the effectiveness of roles played by the internal auditors in promoting good governance in Local Government Authorities in Tanzania due to the fact that there has been an evolution in internal auditing. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of internal audit roles in MDC; relate the roles played by internal audit with promotion of good governance in MDC; identify the strength and weakness in the roles of internal audit in promoting good governance, to examine the extent to which the council’s management acts upon Internal Auditor’s recommendations in the MDC.Literature was reviewed in connection to the topic. Data was collected using interviews and administration of questionnaires in Mtwara District Council from where 40 employees were given questionnaires. A sample of 40 respondents was selected from various departments to represent MDC as a whole. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social scientist (SPSS). From the study, the researcher found out that, most of the employee at MDC has no knowledge on the roles played by internal auditors. Also, most of employees at MDC do not see the relevance of the internal audit activities in the MDC. The researcher also found out from the respondents that the internal audit unit in MDC is not well qualified professionals, motivated and also not well resourced so that internal auditors may help director reach their objectives. The conclusion drawn was that the internal auditors find it difficult to perform their specific responsibilities of preventing, and detecting fraud, errors, irregularities, misappropriation and misuse of public resources. This is because they do not have the needed logistics to enable them carry out their statutory duties. The staff is not well motivated in terms of remuneration, offices and regional accommodation. This affects their morale and does not motivate them to give off their best. The researcher therefore recommends that, public organizations are to be provided with qualified professionals, motivate them by way of higher incentives, training and so forth and government should provide them with necessary resources such as offices, computers and software.
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    The influence of demographic attributes in the implementation of accrual-based international public sector accounting standards
    (The Asian Institute of Research, 2020) Komba, Gabriel Vitus; Matekele, Charles K.
    This research examined the influence of demographic attributes in the implementation of accrual-based IPSAS in the Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania. The survey technique was employed to collect data from 150 accountants and auditors from seven LGAs. To explore the relationship between demographic attributes and implementation of accrual-based IPSAS, multiple regression analysis was used. Gender, professional qualification and education level were found to have a positive significant influence while age and number of years of service in the LGAs hurt the implementation of accrual-based IPSAS. It is suggested that decision-makers and policymakers as well as accounting standards setters, should place much emphasis on individual accountants and auditors’ capacity building and training. To improve accounting education, accrual-based IPSAS should be part of the curriculum in universities and colleges. Employers must encourage accounting and auditing staff to attend professional seminars while improving their accounting knowledge. Also, individual accountants and auditors should place much effort into attaining professional certifications like CPA or ACCA. Our study is limited by considering only 7 LGAs out of 185 in the United Republic of Tanzania. Other research should be extended to the remaining LGAs