Business Administration

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The performance of public organizations through effective workers’ participation in decision making at PPF organization in Dar es Salaam”
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mallya, Petro Zakayo
Performance as a working process workers to participate in organizational decision making in PPF organization in Dar es Salaam. Performance of workers in many organizations through organizations policies segregates workers on some policy structuring of the organizations. And this has caused extension of the problems in many organizations. Performance of the workers is reduced by identified problems like decrease in Production, Morale decrease at work, conflict and friction at workplace are claimed effects due to employees not involved in crucial process of important deed which are very important for both workers likewise the organization. The main objective was to assess effects of Performance of workers at PPF organization in Dar es Salaam. This case study research employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The sample comprised 30 respondents out of 45 respondents who were the sample size for this study from PPF organization. Primary data was obtained through well administered questionnaires and secondary data were obtained educational documents with information about analysed by SPSS Programme. Findings of this study have revealed that workers somehow are involved in some issues but strictly on issues concerning organizational policy structuring, workers are not were given full participation since the management make the interest of the organization than balancing and that of workers’ advice the organization aims at achieving its goals interest then there after workers interest also are considered. However this have been implemented by the organization but workers evaluate this organization culture workers think could be modified workers advice and their interest provided are supporting the organization to meet the targeted goals. Therefore, challenge is seen on this case since on some issues workers are given chance to give their advice through Departmental meeting and with effect on implementation only except when the advice tries to touch the policy of the organization is workers advice have no effect.
Assessing the effect of outsourcing of revenue collection on organizational performance: A case of Mpanda District council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Muhula, Flavian M.
This study was to assess the effect of outsourcing of revenue collection on organizational performance a case study of Mpanda district council. Specific objectives of the study were; to identify sources of revenue which are being outsourced and whole process of outsourcing to identify the benefits of outsourcing revenue collection to identify the challenges accompanied by outsourcing and to assess the effect of outsourcing on organizational performance. Data were collected from 60 respondents who were selected using purposeful sampling and simple random sampling.The research utilized both primary and secondary data. Method of data collection were questionnaire, interview and documentary records. The findings of this study show that outsourcing has led to improved organizational performance through increased revenue collection and reduction in operating cost, although they have not attained the best performance. Findings of this research revealed that revenue sources which are outsourced to revenue collectors are; agricultural products, fishing products, livestock auction, hotel levy and market fees. It was futher revealed that some revenue collectors do not comply to terms and condition of the contract is the challenge in outsourcing of revenue collection. Recommendations for Mpanda district council are, to collect more realistic information from wards and division, increase supervision to revenue collectors by visiting them reqularly and open a communication channel from top management to bottom with revenue collectors.
Assessment of challenges facing higher learning institutions in income generation in Tanzania: A case study of selected institutions
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Buxay, Benedict T.
This study is about assessment of challenges facing Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) in income generation - the case of selected institutions in Morogoro Region namely: Mzumbe University (MU), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Jordan University College (JUC) and Muslim University of Morogoro (MUM). The study used a sample of 65 randomly and purposively selected from the said public and private higher learning institutions. A combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches was used in studying the phenomenon. Data was collected using documentary review, questionnaire and interview guides. Quantitative data from the questionnaires were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel Spread sheet programmes, whereas qualitative data from interview guides was analysed descriptively. It was found that inadequate cooperation between Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) and private sectors affect Income Generating Activities (IGAs). Inadequate staff capacity and heavy teaching allocated to the academic staff was a major reason for not fully participating in Income Generating Activities (IGAs). The findings also revealed that well designed programmes which reflect labour market requirements will help Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) in generating more income. Also well established and developed external linkages will enhance income generation activities in HLIs. The study therefore recommends the following: Income Generating Activities (IGAs) to be given top priority in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs), partnership between HLIs and private sector should be strengthened; staff capacity should be raised, Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) should strike a balance between teaching workload and their other core activities such as consultancies and researches, training and learning resources should be increased and improved so as to increase income in the long run.
Influence of financial institutions in the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania: The case study of Morogoro municipal council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mlise, Jane A
This research report presents the findings of the study done in Morogoro Municipality, “influence of financial institutions to the development of SME’s.” Specifically, the research was undertaken to determine the existing financial institutions financing SMEs in Morogoro Municipality, determining the extent to which financial institutions have helped to finance SMEs in Morogoro Municipality as well as to determine constrains facing SMEs towards financial institution support. The study draws on primary and secondary data. In primary data collection, interviews were conducted with SME’s owners whereby women, men, MFI’s officers of Morogoro municipality were purposely involved. Personal observations were also used to collect some of the data. Secondary data were collected from the government offices, MFI’s and other literatures. By using the sample of 60 respondents in Morogoro SME’s owners, field survey shows that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are constrained by financing and other institutional obstacles than large enterprises, exacerbated by the weaknesses in the financial systems of many developing countries. We use the concept of the access possibilities frontier to explain how difficulties in managing risk and transaction costs involved in SME lending make financial institutions and markets so reluctant to reach out to this group of enterprises, especially in developing countries. We discuss different policies and reforms that can entice financial institutions and markets to lend to SMEs and comment on the role of the Government in institution building, providing the regulatory framework and undertake market-friendly activist policies. However, we also point to pitfalls in government's involvement in SME financing and suggest that restricted conditions in obtaining financial support should be reviewed.
The Influence of service quality on customer retention in commercial banks in Tanzania: The case of CRDB bank in Dar es salaam region
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwikwabhi, Mary M.
This study intended to assess the influence of service quality on customer retention. The SERVQUAL model was used to analyze data. The study investigated the influence of service quality on customer retention by CRDB bank in Dar es Salaam. Statistical Package for Social Sciences Vision 16.0 (SPSS) was used to process and analyze data where descriptive statistics were calculated. The research findings revealed that, overall, service quality provided by CRDB bank influences customer retention. Tangibles of CRDB bank were found to be the variable which influences customer retention the most, followed by responsiveness, Empathy, Reliability, and lastly Assurance. The study recommends as follows: CRDB bank should maintain tangibles of the bank since they were found to be the most important variable which make customers remain loyal to the bank. For responsiveness of bank employees it is recommended that the management of CRDB bank should make sure that employees should respond to customer needs and queries efficiently. The management can do this through training especially on the aspect of responsibility of bank employees to give, accurate and prompt solutions to customer problems. It is further recommended that the bank should improve on reliability of bank services. However it is recommended that employees be more empathetic to customers. This will make customers feel comfortable with the bank. Lastly, it is recommended that the bank should increase the number of ATM machines and expand network coverage in Dar es Salaam in order to reduce the incidence of ques and unnecessary delays in provision of bank services in the city.
The contribution of microfinance in the development of women’s small businesses in Tanzania: A case of Morogoro Municipal
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Luvanga, Doreen
The development of women, especially in developing countries like Tanzania hinges on intervention of a development of small businesses. In recent microfinance has been strongly recommended as an intervention that could assist poor people to improve their standard of life. Their contributions to the development of small businesses has rise to 90% and also there is link between microfinance and small businesses in poverty alleviation. This study aimed to assess the contribution of Microfinance in the development of women’s Microfinance small business in Morogoro Municipal. The research methodology employed was Case study. The study interviewed distributed 100 questionnaire to respondents; simple random sampling procedure was used in the selection of SME’s owners but only participants (82) responds while purposive sampling procedure was use in the selection of 16 key informants. Data were collected using questionnaires, observations and interview for primary data and for secondary data documentary review was used. Descriptive statistics were used in analyzing the data such as frequency and percentage. The findings from respondents revealed that; 14 were male (17%) and 68(83%) were female. 69(84%) were self employed and 13(16%) were employed. Furthermore the results found that although government registered MFI’s and give permission for doing business but they didn’t make follow up to the clients to know if they are benefited with such services which are provided to them. Result shows that the collaboration and intensive participation of the government to the Microfinance Institutions like PRIDE and others will improve efficiency and effectiveness to the small businesses growth development.
Effectiveness of marketing in extending social security services in informal sector: Case of national social security fund in Morogoro
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Shabani, Yasin
Access to social security is internationally acknowledged as a human right, but in fact is one that is far more honoured in its breach than in its enforcement, and is frequently not readily accessible to the most vulnerable in society. The growth of the informal economy, both in developing and developed countries has exposed the weaknesses and shortcomings inherent in the traditional approach to the provision of social security for those who fall outside of the formal economy. Social security has also traditionally been a vehicle to promote social cohesion and solidarity between different sectors of society, yet it is clear that marginalised workers in the informal economy and the poor in general are often excluded from this solidarity (GURN 2005). And for the case of Tanzania, informal sectors employ about 93% of the capable workforce whereas the total labour force is estimated to be more than 16 million (URT 2003) but these people remain uncovered with formal social security schemes, so their life are miserably when it comes to the issue of contingencies. The need of extending social security services to these people is highly encouraged. This study is set out to determine the effectiveness of marketing in social security schemes in Tanzania in speeding up the move of extending coverage of their services to the people of informal sectors. The study was conducted at the National Social Security Fund (NSSF), and to workers in the informal sector from Morogoro region. The researcher selected NSSF due to the fact that, NSSF open the door to the people of informal sector earlier than other social security schemes in Tanzania. According to NSSF study report on the extension of social security (2001), it argued that NSSF have many members from the informal sector compared to other social security funds and also easy accessibility of data due to the fact that there are limited bureaucratic tendencies. The sample of 120 respondents was drawn from Morogoro region. This includes staff from NSSF Morogoro office and workers from the informal sector. Both primary and secondary data were collected to accomplish the study. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. The data obtained in this study was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) through descriptive analysis method. Results were summed up and conclusion made. The findings from this study revealed that, social security schemes have significant role in assisting the government to make its people be able to address social contingencies and natural disasters. Despite its importance, it covers small population of workers and leaving the majority uncovered, especially those from the informal sector. Thus there is a need to increase efforts in extending these services. From the study, the work of extending this services is not an easy task, it needs new look and innovative intervention whereby the approach of synergism and Total Quality Management will be applied so as ensure the strategic flow of information to the people of informal sector to join formal social security schemes
Assessment of the impact of social health insurance benefit on customer satisfaction: The case of National Social Security Fund
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mzee, Abdul
Health is important to the individual, the family, the community, the nation and at global level. There are statistically differences in the impact of health service quality on patient satisfaction in private sector hospitals against public sector hospitals in favour of private sector hospitals. This study focused on assessment of impact of Social Health Insurance Benefit (SHIB) on customer satisfaction. In Tanzania where the population is 44.9 million, the covered members in social security are below two million in favour of National Social Security Fund (NSSF). SHIB is one of the benefit among seven offered by NSSF to their members. The research begins by assessing SHIB processing procedure, accredited medical providers and SHIB administration and monitoring on customer satisfaction by giving examples in different countries. Thereafter, the researcher provides an overview of impact of health services on customer satisfaction in Tanzania. In analysing the findings based on statistical data collection and interviews, the research has incorporated theoretical underpinnings. This study which adopted a case study approach were found that customers were satisfied with SHIB processing procedure and SHIB administration and monitoring while they were dissatisfied with accredited medical providers. However, the study suggest education to increase public awareness, simplifies SHIB process procedure, strengthening of management and monitoring of medical providers in order to improve their health service to insured person.
Service quality and customer satisfaction in transport service industry in Tanzania : A case of Dar express bus company
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mushi, Onael Walter
Road passenger transport is now recognized as one of the most important means of facilitating movement of people and parcels in the country. Moreover, people are now depending much on road transport due to the poor condition of other inland transport systems notably railways. The important role played by this mode of transport is due to its flexibility, accessibility and affordability to most of the Tanzanian citizens. Under the ERP and IRP reforms, there has been a dominant role played by the private sector in providing passenger road transport services in the country. This was a major shift from past practices whereby government parastatals provided these services. Improvements in road infrastructure, deregulation of tariffs, removal of restrictions in the importation of motor vehicles and the elimination of entry barriers have provided an incentive for private sector involvement in the transport market. However, this has increased the level of competition to transport operators and hence reduced earnings. But on the other side of the coin, there arise a challenge among them to seek and improve other dimensions pertaining quality of the transport service they are providing in order to win the customers. The general objective of the study was to assess the influence of service quality on customer satisfaction in transport service industry in Tanzania focusing on passengers’ transport, taking the Dar Express Bus Service as a case study and methods used in collecting required information for the study were questionnaires, interview and observation. The data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation and regression analyses The findings indicates that passengers are satisfied with the transport services provided with Dar Express Bus Company Limited; Responsiveness, assurance and tangibles dimensions proved to have significant effect on passenger satisfaction. In other words these three dimensions were found to be good predictors of customer satisfaction. The way company handling passengers’ problems including how they give personal attention to them, Visual appealing facilities and willingness to help passengers are the areas that need to be improved. Moreover, the user – friendly printed materials such as timetables, posters and brochures, electronic media such as company website and email should be established.
Enhancing income tax collection in SMEs customers perspective: A case of Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA), Kinondoni
(Mzumbe university, 2013) Malima, Agness
This study intended to find how the attitude of tax clients of taxation system can be enhanced. Generally, the study aimed to evaluate factors promoting income tax collection from SMEs. The following were specific objectives: To determine the extent to which income tax voluntarily comply with income tax regulations in Tanzania, to determine the effectiveness of block system administrative approach in influencing SMEs Compliance, and identify factors mostly influencing the perception of SMEs on voluntary tax returns. The literature of the study lead to the formulation of the following theories: Clients’ Tax education status does not determines the rate of voluntary compliance by tax payers, the rate of client’s visitation by tax officers does not relate to client’s tax compliance status, Client’s experience on business has no influence to voluntary tax compliance. The study used mixed research methods to test the hypotheses in meeting stated objectives. Data were collected through survey questionnaire, interview and the review of documents. The information was based on TRA Kinondoni tax region. Data were analysed through the use of SPSS Version 20. The results of the study observed the following facts:- 1) the majority of customers were not registered to TRA 2) Both registered and unregisterd clients have low awareness of tax laws. 3) There is a weak block system administration 4) The integrity of TRA staff significantly affects the compliance of clients with income tax return regulations.
Assessment of the effectiveness of financial internal control systems in public organizations in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Ulumbi, Kitundu
The study was about assessment of the effectiveness of financial internal control in public institutions. Sub treasury in Morogoro being the case of the study. The unity of inquiry involved employees of sub treasury which included management, middle and lower cadre employees. The study sample size was 30 employees out of 40, employees who were obtained through simple random and sampling technique. The study sample frame was sub treasury’s employees register. Data collection involved questionnaires and observation. Questionnaires were distributed to employees selected as sample and observation were done to all employees. Data were processed and organized in table and graphs, thereafter analysed using MS excel. Findings shows that, internal control has contribution toward permitting the appropriate record keeping and reporting of financial related matters, and it helps accountants to prepare financial reports. The study sought to ascertain whether the effectiveness of financial internal control is affected by factors like Management and organization structure, environment and co-workers. The study reveal that majority of respondents see management and organization structure is highly affect the effectiveness of financial internal control. Therefore to make internal control effective, management should support its conduct
An assessment of human resource effectiveness in the hospitality industry of Mbeya region:A case of two selected hotels in Mbeya city
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwakipesile, Sekela J.
The underlying thesis of this study is the recognition that hotels, just as is the case in all the other subsectors of the wider tourism industry, require adequate competent and high performing personnel capable of sustaining high performance levels for a long period for them to satisfy the expectations of their customers (to be effective). And once the competent (knowledgeable and skilled) personnel have been identified and recruited, the leadership of hotels needs to help the workers to adopt to their hospitality work and to ensure that their skills and knowledge are kept updated through the use of effective human resource management practices such as professional development and staff motivation. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of employees at two hotels in Mbeya city. Using the multiple-case study design within the qualitative research paradigm, the study had initially planned to use multiple data collecting methods to collect data from the selected hotels. However, due to the problem that for the three of the five hotels research consent had been refused, whereas for the other two (JM and ML) access was so restricted, only the questionnaire method was used to collect data. The data were collected from 38 respondents drawn from all departments to enhance validity. The study established that the human resource capacity of the two hotels is very low and therefore, it is ineffective. The study further established that the ineffectiveness in the human resource capacity of the two hotels originates from ineffective human resource management practices employed by the leadership of the two hotels. It is therefore recommended that, hotel owners should not take staff training as a cost to their organization; they need to train employees in order to equip them with proper skills and knowledge for them to be competent in the industry. Owners of hotels should take employees as assets because this industry it‟s all about people serving people, and it takes a happy and motivated employee to make a happy customer.
Assessment of the effectiveness of channels of distribution models in the sales performance of an organization: The case of Coca-Cola Morogoro region.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Emmanuel, Laswai M.
The study examined Effectiveness of channels of distribution models in the Sales performance of an organization, taking the case of Coca-Cola Morogoro Region. Specifically the study assessed, the extent into which Direct distribution channel affects sales performance, also, to assess the extent into which Indirect distribution channel affects sales performance, additionally, to asses distribution channels being used by competitors with that of Coca-Cola in Morogoro region and lastly to asses distribution channel adopted by Coca-Cola Kwanza Ltd both direct and indirect Morogoro Depot and Control of the retail outlets. This case study research had customers and employees as unit of analysis. It had a sample of 90 respondents, whereby primary and secondary data were collected through the use of interviews, questionnaires, and documentary review. Data were analysed through Statistical Package of Social Science. Findings revealed that distribution channel adopted by Coca-Cola ensures availability of her products, reduce response time and makes information available to her customer in aspect it facilitates positive relationship with her customers and agents. It was also found out that selection of agents/Distributors was based on financial capability, size of firm among others. It was concluded that distribution channel plays important role with respect to the soft drink industry because if products are not available on time consumer will switch on to other brands and the company will lose its market share and hence an effective distribution channel is an important aspect of soft drink industry. Coca-Cola Company kwanza have enjoyed its benefits like easing processes, increasing the supply chain awareness, reducing total costs on distribution of her products. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Coca-Cola Company’s management should be in position to continuously weigh the benefits that accrue from application of distribution channel. Coca-Cola kwanza should ensure strict adherence to the company’s policies and guideline regarding the use distribution channel. Coca-Cola Company should ensure aggressive Marketing, regular visit to distribution
Assessment of baling centres’ utilisation along tobacco value chain in Tanzania: A case of Urambo tobacco region
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Lwoga, Hilary M.
Following alarming problem of poorly baled tobacco, it was considered important to examine the utilisation of the registered baling centres, with a view of identifying hindrances to proper utilisation of baling centres. The broad research question was; what are the problems that hinder the effective utilisation of baling centres in Tanzania? Non-probability method (accidental/convenience sampling) was used to get primary societies for the study while simple random sampling (probability method) was used to get one baling centre from each primary society, for study. The respondents were picked through non-probability methods (purposive sampling). The method for primary data collection involved use of questionnaire to respondents. Secondary data from different tobacco journals and data bases were collected and analysed. Interviews were done with the elements of the study as respondents to identify hindrances for effective baling centres utilization. Data were entered into excel sheet and analysed using pivot tables. The finding showed that baling centres were not enough for the volume of the crop handled. Construction plan was not adhered to, and most of the baling centres have low storage capacity. It was also found that most of the tobacco graders have only on job training, mostly provided by fellow graders. Tobacco transportation to and from baling centres is mainly on head and on bicycles. Another option in use is oxen carts. Tobacco wrapping materials mainly used is jute and hessian clothes; however some farmers use vinyl bags which add NTRM in the baled tobacco and later in the processed tobacco. The study found that most farmers prefer to bale their tobacco at home. The reasons being poor transport facilities and infrastructure, local believes, and poor tobacco security in baling centres. The research recommends that registration of the baling centre should be done after inspection off those baling centres. All stakeholders should fully participate in training the graders and baling centres supervisors. Farmers and primary societies should be advised to buy and use simple transportation technologies like power tillers, motor tricycle, and oxen carts.
Internal audit and corporate governance in local government in Tanzania: A case of Mwanza city counci
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Njunwa, Florian
A considerable number of items were covered by this study on the analysis of factors contributing to ineffectiveness of internal audit function in promoting good corporate governance in Public Sectors in Tanzania. The study employed a case study technique, where Mwanza City Council and few Staff and Councils were selected as sample size to provide information to this study a total of 136 (30%) of respondents out of 453 were drawn also all 17 councilors were drawn randomly . Both primary and secondary information were used in this study. Primary data through questionnaires was analyzed using Micro Soft Excel frequency tables. The results were presented using histograms, pie charts and tables. The major argument was that, efficient functioning of internal audit require among other things independence of auditors and internal audit function; proficiency of internal auditors; high ethical behavior of auditors and good coordination of internal audit functions. Ethical values are fundamental for the internal auditors because of two important reasons. However, Tanzanian public sector faces a perception and, to some extent, a credibility problem as a value adding unit of the organization. The results from the analysis of all respondents’ responses revealed that factors plays a major role on contributing to ineffectiveness of internal audit function in promoting good corporate governance in Public Sectors in Tanzania. Thus, according to the conceptual model of this study, these factors are independent variables and dependant variable. The study concluded that ineffectiveness of internal audit function in promoting good corporate governance in Public Sectors in Tanzania have influential factors. Recommendation was made to the Local Government Authorities and Central Government to take a leading role in the design and formulation of policy and standards and monitoring practices respectively. Also auditors to play their role of willingly improve their skills for the betterment of themselves and public at large.
Assesment of the effectiveness of micro and small enterpesses contribution to poverty alleviation in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Salum, Adam
This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of MSEs Contribution to poverty alleviation in Morogoro Municipality. Specifically the research was undertaken to identify factors that influences the growth of SMEs business sector of indigenous in Morogoro Municipal, to determine the constraints that face MSEs in overcoming poverty and to assess the contribution of MSEs in poverty alleviation among the indigenous people. The survey was conducted on a sample of 60 respondents constituted furniture manufactures located in Morogoro Municipal. Both simple random sampling and purposive sampling methods were used whereby purposive sampling had been applied in the selection of the case study while simple random sampling was used in selection of respondents in Morogoro Municipal. A structured questionnaire and semi-structured interview was used to collect primary data. Secondary data were collected from Ministry reports such as Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, websites and profiles. Data from questionnaires were analysed statistically using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) where frequencies and percentage were used for analysis. The study observed that SMEs are very important in alleviating poverty to the households as they plays a great role in contributing food, shelter and clothing to the family members. The study recommends that SMEs owners need to seek first an adequate knowledge of business before engaging into doing any kind of business idea they have. This will make SMEs successful, grow and sustainable in poverty alleviation
Assessment of the access to finance for the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) Zanzibar town region.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Khamis, Ramadhan. K.
This dissertation aimed to assess the accessibility to finance to Small and Medium Entrepreneurs SMEs in Zanzibar Town Region. Study intended to assess and find out the constraints factors of SMEs in accessing funds that affect the performance of entrepreneurs in the Region, and find out whether the access to finance help all small size of enterprises in the Region, also the study intend to identify the alternative sources of finance as well as assess the government support for the accessibility of fund to the growth of SMEs and to find out ways of improving performance of entrepreneurs. The research was conducted in Entrepreneurs level, financial institutions and the Government Organizations which support entrepreneurs in Zanzibar Town Region. The study covered Urban and Western Districts in Zanzibar. Two types of data were collected primary and secondary by using questionnaire, interview, observation and documentation. The findings prove that there has been a positive outcome of people engaging in entrepreneurial activities which alleviate poverty at family level through getting daily income and house rent, paying school fees and paying medical bills and hence alleviate poverty in household level. The study revealed the obstacles which entrepreneur faced in accessing to finance include high collateral requirement to secure loans, high interest rates, long application procedures. On other hand there are some factors which facilitate the entrepreneurs which including institutions which support them financially by providing loan and training. Such training offered to entrepreneurs are like identifying business opportunity that surround them, how to keep business records, how to develop some skills in planning and market of their products and loan or credit management. These trainings are offered by local government experts and officers from vikoba /Sacco’s, non-government organization
The role of strategic planning on organisational performance: A case of immigration department in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Petro, Adam
Strategic plan is a very important tool in the organization management. It shows the direction towards organizational focus and systematically achieving the strategic objectives. The study was about the role of strategic plan in the organization performance and the specific objectives were; to determine the contributions of the strategic plan on the organization performance, to identify how employees can be committed to the organization’s vision and mission, to find out the key components of strategic plan that may lead to organization performance and to measure the level of the strategic plan in determining whether organization is performing or not. The study was descriptive in nature and approached by survey methods, interviews and focus group discussions were also applied in the process of collecting data. The study involved 31 respondents categorized into two groups namely those who hold the managerial positions and those who do not hold managerial positions. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were also involved in analysis. The study revealed that the strategic plan plays a very important role in determining organizational performance; however employees are not involved effectively in the process of formulating the strategic plan, especially employees of the lower cadre. In addition, the immigration department does not have its own independent strategic plan; it is just a part of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Moreover, there is a significant deviation between the budget and the actual fund allocated to the department that acts as a barrier in the implementation of the strategic objectives. With this fact, among other recommendations, the study suggested that employees should be involved in the process of formulating strategic plan and their capacity on strategic plan development should be enhanced. Also fund should be allocated as planned in order to effectively implement strategic objectives.
Community participation in Tasaf funded sub- projects: A case of Babati town council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mselle, Lazaro
The study on community participation in TASAF funded sub- projects was conducted at Babati town council whereby 44 respondents participated. The general objective of the study was to assess the extent of community participation in implementation of TASAF funded sub projects and specific objectives were:- to determine approaches used by the council to involve the community in undertaking development projects, to establish the contributions of the community in the development projects, to determine the factors making the community not to be active in development projects, to identify accountability of funds collected from the community for development projects and to examine the initiatives of town council in improving community participation in the construction of secondary school teachers houses in TASAF funded sub projects. Two villages were selected namely, Kiongozi and Halla. Primary data were obtained through interviews and focus group discussion during the field survey and secondary data were collected from TASAF documents and reports, guidelines, memorandum of understanding, operational manual, journals and books. The study found that the council uses participatory approaches in involving the community. However, the community does not participate effectively as it was expected. It was further found that the community contributes less in development projects. Moreover, it was found that poverty, lack of sensitization, lack of transparency, corruption, fraud and ignorance make the community not to be active in development projects. The study concludes poor community participation was mainly due to low income, several projects being implemented at once, lack of transparency, economic hardship and poor leadership. The study recommends that local authority should effectively involve the community in all planning process. Furthermore, the study recommends that the community should elect leaders who are transparent and committed.
Financial management practices: inefficiencies for self-sustainable on donor funded water projects the case study of global water initiatives program phase 1
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mapunda, K.N
Financial management practices is the key role for self-sustainability on donor funded water projects, and in Tanzania is the factor which undermine efforts for sustainability. Ability to pay to meet cost is the key essential issue in assuring sustainability. The main objective of the study is to assess the financial management practices specifically the inefficiencies in donor funded water projects to support self-sustainable, which eventually will help water entities to achieve sustainability to archive expectation, case study approach was used as means of study. GWI phase one implementation area used as a focal point. Interviews and questioner were used to collect primary data, while secondary data were collected by reviewing butch of documents used in implementation as mean of validating of primary data. SPSS software was used to analyses data which helps to present in form of table and figures which are easy to understand. Issues such as integration between financial planning / monitoring and organization strategies, preparation and sharing of financial information, level of streamlining revenue and source of income were among of financial management related indicators which ware scrutinized. Among of major findings, evidence shows that 65% of executives do not produce financial report decision are based on knowledge and not on reports presented. Revenue collection was weak by 74.7%, slightly improved by the kind of technology deployed where deep well scheme is contributing positive by 65%. The report emphasises the need for pricing based on achieving full cost recovery. To share findings exhausted from this research the most policy implication advice is to look water problem from financial management best practice perspective. Let’s make people accountable on their act or omission which causes non functionality of the water sector, people mast pay based on the value of water. Currently water is not as free gift from god. Also let’s make people understand water entities the same as other business which are driven by surplus