Research Articles (EMS)

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    The role of energy resources to production output in cement organizations in Tanzania: Evidence from selected energy resources
    (International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 2020) Mandara, Isack; Sungau, Joseph
    In a country, energy is an important resource to be considered for development of a Nation. The total country energy consumed determines the level of development of a Nation. Being the case, countries and organization should be provided with empirical evidence on how energy resources affect production output. However, in this area, little has been researched to explain the effect of energy resources on production output. Therefore, this paper aimed at determining the role of energy resource to production output in cement organizations. The study was conducted in Tanzania and used time series data for ten (10) years, from year 2005 to year 2014. In order to assess the effect of energy resource on production output, the study used multiple linear regression model to analyze the data. From the findings of the study, it was revealed that energy resources have positive and significant effect on production output in cement organizations. Being the case, cement organizations should consider energy resource as a key and an important resource in production of cement
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    Unpacking the Lean Manufacturing Implementation in Small and Medium Food and Beverage Industries in Tanzania: A Factor Analysis Approach
    (Mzumbe University, 2024) Mary Shoshiwa; Bahati Ilembo; Joseph Sungau
    This paper examined the status of lean manufacturing implementation in food and beverage SMEs in the selected two regions through lean tools integrated and lean outputs achieved. The study employed a mixed method approach. Qualitative and quantitative designs were used to inform the analysis. The study used cluster random sampling with a sample of 120 industries consisting of different small and medium food and beverage processing industries. We used descriptive statistics and Index of Relative Importance to rank indicators for both lean tools implementation and lean output. Factor analysis was also used to identify the underlying Relationships of the variables for lean implementation. Results show that majority of the food and beverage SMEs have adopted and implemented work standardization through presences of operation procedures to avoid variations; followed by Statistical Process Control. Also, out of the seventeen lean tools indicators, five are highly implemented in most of the selected industries for increasing process utilization, efficiency and quality improvement with the remaining twelve not highly implemented. Further, results revealed that, defective products are highly reduced in the SMEs after the implementation of lean tools, followed by reduction of inappropriate processing of products. It is recommended that, in order to identify areas for improvement, necessary for industry sustainability, the industries must do lean assessments, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure the continuous improvement of lean practices. Also, tailoring lean strategies to specific sectors within SMEs is very important.
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    Role of energy resources to production output in cement organizations in Tanzania: Evidence from selected energy resources
    (International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 2020) Sugnau, Joseph; Mandara, Isack
    In a country, energy is an important resource to be considered for the development of the Nation. The total country's energy consumption determines the level of development of a nation. Countries and organisations should be provided with empirical evidence on how energy resources affect production output. However, little has been researched in this area to explain the effect of energy resources on production output. Therefore, this paper aimed to determine the role of energy resources to production output in cement organizations. The study was conducted in Tanzania and used time series data for ten (10) years, from year 2005 to year 2014. To assess the effect of energy resource on production output, the study used multiple linear regression model to analyze the data. From the findings of the study, it was revealed that energy resources have positive and significant effect on production output in cement organizations. Being the case, cement organizations should consider energy resources as a key and important resource in the production of cement.
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    Business process re-engineering: A panacea for reducing operational cost in service organizations
    (INDEPENDENT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & PRODUCTION (IJM&P), 2015) Sungau, Joseph; Ndunguru, Philibert C.
    Organizations in today’s business environment struggle on how to reduce operation cost to generate reasonable profit. In order to reduce Operational Costs, service organizations have been working hard to identify techniques that facilitate business processes improvement. In so doing, the global literature indicates that service organizations adopt BPR technique as a panacea of reducing Operational Cost. Despite the documented potentiality of the BPR technique, a mixed empirical results, findings and conclusions regarding the effect of BPR on Operational Cost have been reported. Therefore, this paper aimed at assessing and explaining the effects of BPR on Operational Cost. The study used cross-sectional survey design to investigate the effect of BPR on Operational Cost. Intensive literature review enabled the construction of structural measurement model, formulation of testable hypotheses and operationalization of constructs. To test the model and hypotheses, data were collected from ninety five (95) service organizations in Tanzania. Results of the study reveal that BPR and delivering speed have no direct effects on Operational Cost; they indirectly affect Operational Cost through the mediations of service quality. Therefore, BPR influences first both service quality and delivery speed in affecting Operational Cost of service organizations. It is now recommended that service organizations should use BPR as panacea of reducing Operational Cost.
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    Business process re-engineering: The technique to improve delivering speed of service industry in Tanzania
    (INDEPENDENT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & PRODUCTION (IJM&P), 2013) Sungau, Joseph; Ndunguru, Philibert C.; Kimeme, Joseph
    Problem statement: Time spent by customers at a service organization is very critical in today’s business environment. Service organizations must change to provide services to customers within the minimum time possible. Business process re-engineering is one technique that improves business processes. However, despite documented advantages, most organizations have not adopted the technique. Purpose: The paper aims to determine and explain the effect of business process re-engineering on delivering speed for enhanced organizational performance. Methodology: The study used a cross-sectional survey design that included a sample of ninety-five (95) service organizations. Focused intensive literature review enabled to construction structural measurement model, formulation of testable hypotheses and operationalization of constructs. Results: From the study, it is revealed that BPR positively improves delivering speed of service organizations. Conclusion: The adoption of the BPR technique for improved business processes enhances delivery speed in service organizations.
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    On IT enabling of business process reengineering in organizations
    (Advanced Materials Research, 2014) Sungau, Joseph; Msanjila, Simon Samwel
    Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is a management approach used to improve organizational performance through restructuring production activities of the core services to enhance their efficiency and effectiveness. Although BPR improves the efficiency of processes, it can hardly be applied in its own and thus it needs to be complemented with other concepts from other disciplines. Information technology (IT) tools are seen as accurate and effective enablers of the BPR approach in restructuring activities. This paper focuses on analyzing how IT can be an enabler of the BPR approach to restructuring processes in an organization to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of processes. It presents the roles of IT in BPR for organizations. It also presents challenges for organizations when implementing the BPR.
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    Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for industrial development: Challenges and opportunities
    (IGI Global, 2017) Lyakurwa, Felichesmi Selestine; Sungau, Joseph
    The applicability of ICT has gained high research interests in both developed and developing countries due to the perceived social and economic benefits. With the increased benefits of ICTs, many governments have invested heavily in emerging technologies to gain a competitive advantage over others in the business. Despite the high investment by many countries around the world, there are inadequate documentation about the cost-benefits of the massive ICT investment in developing countries, especially Africa. Hence, developing an empirical study to reveal the perceived cost-benefits of ICT investment for industrial development is critical. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of various studies conducted in different countries of the world detailing the extent of ICTs, barriers hindering its use and the potential benefits. To date, there is existing empirical evidence to support the role of ICTs for industrial development in developing countries, while the benefits of ICTs for industrial development in developing countries of Asia and Africa are not well documented.
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    Social life cycle assessment in solar dryer house for postharvest loss management technology: Application of UNEP / SETAC in Tanzania
    (Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Kuwait Chapter), 2024) Sungau, Joseph; Mkuna, Eliaza; Abeid, Ashiraf; Lyakurwa, Felichesmi; Manouchehr, Shokri
    Social Life Cycle Assessment is inherently an extension of sustainability assessment that is limited to environmental and economic pillars. Social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) on the other hand is a methodology used to cover the social aspects of sustainability. This article integrates three pillars of sustainability; economy, environment and society on Solar Dryer House technology for reduction of post-harvest losses. The purpose of the article is to examine the extent of sustainability of Solar Dryer House technology by exploring the environmental, economic and social pillars. A textual analysis was undertaken on United Nations Environment Program/Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (UNEP-SETAC) Life Cycle Initiative to examine the social life cycle assessment of SDH manufacturing technology on major categories of producers, workers, distributors, consumers. Analysis of social indicators were developed with the scoring system to describe the potential positive and negative social impacts on related stakeholders within life cycle stages. Lack of clarity in conceptualizing of UNEP-SETAC Life Cycle Initiative to examine the social life cycle assessment of SDH manufacturing technology limit the application of sustainability assessment on manufacturing technologies in Tanzania. Social Life Cycle Assessment supports social and labour policies as well as Sustainable Development Goal 8 which entails that people should have jobs that pay decently to support their livelihoods while other social welfare aspects and labour rights are considered. Manufacturing technologies that adhere to S-LCA principles guarantee sustainability.
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    Business process re-engineering: the technique to improve delivering speed of service industry in Tanzania
    (Independent Journal of management & production, 2013) Sungau, Joseph Joseph; Ndunguru, Philibert C.; Kimeme, Joseph
    Problem statement: Delivering speed is very critical in today’s business environment. In most cases, service organizations and customers are sensitive to time spent at delivering or receiving a service. Therefore, service organizations must change in order to meet this challenge. Overtime, service organizations have worked hard to identify techniques that enhance service delivering speed for improved performance. Business process re-engineering is one of such techniques that improves business processes; including delivering speed. However, despite documented advantages, most organizations are reluctant to adopt the technique. Purpose: The paper aims at determining the effect of business process re-engineering on delivering speed; enabling organizations to appreciate the performance improvement that is associated with the technique. Methodology: The study used cross-sectional survey design to investigate the effect of BPR on delivering speed. In order to undertake the study, intensive literature review was undertaken to operationalize the constructs and to formulate the hypothesis which was tested after the field work. In total ninety-five (95) service organizations participated in the study. Results: From the study, it is revealed that BPR significantly and positively improves delivering speed of service organizations. Conclusion: For improved delivering speed, service organizations should adopt BPR technique to improve business processes for provision of delighting services to customers.
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    Business process re-engineering: a panacea for reducing operational cost in service organizations
    (Instituto Federal de Educaçã, 2015) Sungau, Joseph Joseph; Ndunguru, Philibert C.
    Organizations in today’s business environment struggle on how to reduce operation cost for generating reasonable profit. In order to reduce Operational Cost, service organizations have been working hard to identify techniques that facilitate business processes improvement. In so doing, the global literature indicates that service organizations adopt BPR technique as a panacea of reducing Operational Cost. Despite a documented potentiality of BPR technique, a mixed empirical results, findings and conclusions regarding the effect of BPR on Operational Cost have been reported. Therefore, this paper aimed at assessing and explaining effects of BPR on Operational Cost. The study used cross-sectional survey design to investigate the effect of BPR on Operational Cost. Intensive literature review enabled the construction of structural measurement model, formulation of testable hypotheses and operationalization of constructs. In order to test the model and hypotheses, data were collected from ninety-five (95) service organizations in Tanzania. Results of the study reveal that BPR and delivering speed have no direct effects on Operational Cost; they indirectly affect Operational Cost through the mediations of service quality. Therefore, BPR influences first both service quality and delivery speed in affecting Operational Cost of service organizations. It is now recommended that service organizations should use BPR as panacea of reducing Operational Cost.