Dissertation Master's (DCC-BS)

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    The influence of strategic innovations on the performance of Mobile Telecommunication Companies in Tanzania: The case of Vodacom Tanzania PLC.
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Dilunga, Abrahaman.
    The study focused on assessing the impact of strategic innovations on the performance of telecommunication companies in Tanzania whereby, it examined the impact of product strategic innovations, process strategic innovations, marketing strategic innovation and technology strategic innovations and how they impact organizational performances. The methodology adopted in the study included utilization of a quantitative research approach to assess how strategic innovation had been important in influencing organizational performance considering Vodacom as the case of the study. A total of 120 respondents participated in the study. Researcher adopted both randomly and purposive sampling because the selected respondents possess the required knowledge and information in answering research questions of the study. Data collected through questionnaires and interviews were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through using SPSS where by the results were presented in Table form. The study’s findings showed that, both four reviewed strategic innovations aspects had very positive impact on the organization's performance. The findings revealed that through products strategies the organization can improve its new products ideas, can crated new products and even can put different products on portfolios also marketing strategies had been found to be very important as they help the organization in determining new promotion and marketing channels, come out with different pricing strategies even cost reductions. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the organization process strategies can help an organization on improving its organization structure, training, and other operations aspects and lastly the technological aspects were found very useful especially to telecommunication companies like Vodacom. The study recommends that, organizations need to consider these four very useful and if possible both of them need to be implemented together as they always depend on each other. The study recommends further the organization needs to have enough budget and a qualified team for the successful implementation of these strategies. Also due to the limitation of this study, the study recommended areas that need further research
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    Factors affecting adoption and implementation of E-Commerce by SMEs in Tanzania: The case study of Kinondoni district
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Eddy, Mlay
    This study assesses the factors affecting adoption of E-Commerce among SMEs in Tanzania taking the case of selected SMEs in Kinondoni Dar es Salaam. More specifically, the study examines the extent to which the SME's economic state, SME's own characteristics and behaviours, Technical infrastructure, and also social cultural and legal factors affect SME's adoption of E-Commerce. The study adopted a descriptive research design considering SMEs operating in Kinondoni district as the case of the study. 100 SMEs took part in the study as the sample of the study. The researcher adopted both random and purposive sampling because the selected respondents possessed the required knowledge and information in answering research questions of the study; the collected data was qualitatively and quantitatively analysed by using SPSS and the obtained results were tabulated. The study finds that four reviewed factors have a direct impact on the adoption of ECommerce by SMEs. These aspects include SMEs own characteristics or behaviours, the SME's economic conditions, Technical infrastructure, and social-cultural and legal challenges. The findings reveal that on the SME's economic condition, the resources, cost of acquisition, maintenance cost, and even the nature of product prices are the main challenges. Furthermore, regarding the SME's own characteristics and behaviours, the challenges were found to be in management's support, perception towards E-Commerce, technological competencies, and perceived securities. In the technical aspect, the study further reveals challenges in accessibility of internet, condition of the existing internet infrastructure, and technical support. Support from the government, Taxation issues, intellectual property issues, and level of awareness was the social-cultural and legal factors that were identified. The study recommends that, organizations need to consider these four factors very carefully and where possible, effective strategies need to be developed to overcome them. The study further recommends that organizations need to have enough budgets and qualified teams to successfully overcoming these. Also, owing to the study’s limitations, it recommends areas that need further research.
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    Tanzania manufacturing sector in response to trade liberalization: A case of pharmaceutical manufacturing
    (Mzumbe University, 2014) Gesoreka, George
    Limited access to essential drugs undermines the health systems, efficiency and health development in many developing countries including Tanzania. The major factor associated with limited drug accesses is the high price of medicines. The ability of local pharmaceutical industries to manufacture essential drugs is an important contributor in facilitating access and affordability of medicines. Currently, Tanzania’s local manufacturers can only meet 30% of the country’s need of essential medicines despite having eight pharmaceutical manufacture ring companies. Semi structured questionnaires were issued to Chief Executive Officers/General Managers from the manufacturing pharmaceutical companies available in Tanzania as a method of primary data collection, secondary sources were also used. Data obtained were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) and presented in form of tables, construct graphs, pie chart and histograms. The challenges identified by Tanzanian manufacturers were comparable to the findings of studies conducted in other developing countries. What was unique in this study was that higher operating cost and shortage of capital were among the challenges that manufacturers perceived as hindering increased capacity. In addition, poor government support was also a challenge. These challenges hindered increased production of essential drugs. Linkage with other partners and the information sharing among manufacturers are the opportunities that local manufacturers enjoy. Export was found not to be very important opportunities that local pharmaceutical manufacturers exploit and the level of competition between local and foreign pharmaceutical manufacturers was found to be high. To increase capacity of local manufacturers a multi-sectorial approach is needed to address the above identified constraints. A concentrated effort therefore should be put in by both parties i.e. the government and local manufacturers for Tanzania to become self-sufficient in terms of the manufacturing of essential drugs.
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    Tanzania manufacturing sector in response to trade liberalization: A case of pharmaceutical manufacturing
    (Mzumbe University, 2014) Gesoreka, George
    Limited access to essential drugs undermines the health systems, efficiency and health development in many developing countries including Tanzania. The major factor associated with limited drug accesses is the high price of medicines. The ability of local pharmaceutical industries to manufacture essential drugs is an important contributor in facilitating access and affordability of medicines. Currently, Tanzania’s local manufacturers can only meet 30% of the country’s need of essential medicines despite having eight pharmaceutical manufacture ring companies. Semi structured questionnaires were issued to Chief Executive Officers/General Managers from the manufacturing pharmaceutical companies available in Tanzania as a method of primary data collection, secondary sources were also used. Data obtained were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) and presented in form of tables, construct graphs, pie chart and histograms. The challenges identified by Tanzanian manufacturers were comparable to the findings of studies conducted in other developing countries. What was unique in this study was that higher operating cost and shortage of capital were among the challenges that manufacturers perceived as hindering increased capacity. In addition, poor government support was also a challenge. These challenges hindered increased production of essential drugs. Linkage with other partners and the information sharing among manufacturers are the opportunities that local manufacturers enjoy. Export was found not to be very important opportunities that local pharmaceutical manufacturers exploit and the level of competition between local and foreign pharmaceutical manufacturers was found to be high. To increase capacity of local manufacturers a multi-sectorial approach is needed to address the above identified constraints. A concentrated effort therefore should be put in by both parties i.e. the government and local manufacturers for Tanzania to become self-sufficient in terms of the manufacturing of essential drugs.
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    Examining local government expenditures on entrepreneurship development in Tanzania: A case of Mbinga district.
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Ntandu, Christopher Robert
    The government of Tanzania encourages the development of entrepreneurship differently; however, it seems it does not do well in the international context, therefore the study was aimed to examine local government expenditures on entrepreneurship development in v Tanzania: A case of Mbinga district. The study objective was to examine the role of local government expenditure in entrepreneurship development in Tanzania. The research employed both qualitative and quantitative methods to answer the research problem. The study involved 255 entrepreneurs and used a self-administered questionnaire to gather information from 10 wards out of 29 wards found in Mbinga district, a cross-sectional research design was used to obtain data. The data was managed through SPSS Version 20 and analyzed through STATA Version 14. The findings show that entrepreneur skills come from middle age (average age of 32) whereby the minimum age was 19 and the maximum was 59. Also, results show that the majority of entrepreneurs were from primary school, secondary school, college and technical school while only a few did not attend school and few attend university education. Moreover, the study concluded that social factors such as household’s size, education level, number of business and parent’s financial status were important social factors for entrepreneurship development, while forms of local government expenditure such as the business centres, roads services, licensing, taxation, entrepreneurship loan, and entrepreneurship training were also important forms for entrepreneurship development. The study recommended that the United Republic of Tanzania should ensure that prime working ages have the conducive environment of doing business by enabling them to access capital from various empowerment funds and other financial institutions, also the government should continue to provide education to the societies about family planning, which will reduce the household’s size, further to that there is need for local government to keep on improving schools’ infrastructure for motivating more people to join in the school, as well as to launch compulsory entrepreneurship syllabus for all level of education.
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    Factors affecting customer loyalty in banking sector in Tanzania: The case of CRDB, Azikiwe branch, Dar es Salaam.
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Gadiel, Magreth.
    Globally, the banking industry is very important for both developing and developed economies. Therefore, customer loyalty must be valued as an effective tool that banks can use to gain a strategic advantage and survive in today’s ever increasing banking competitive environment. This study assessed the factors affecting customer loyalty in banking sectors in Tanzania, using the case of CRDB Plc. Azikiwe Dar es Salaam. Specifically, the study was guided by the following specific objectives: to determine how perceived service quality affect customer loyalty at CRDB bank Azikiwe branch; to assess how trust affects customer loyalty at the CRDB Azikiwe branch; to investigate how brand awareness influence client loyalty at the CRDB Azikiwe branch; to find out how customer satisfaction affects customer loyalty at the CRDB Azikiwe branch. The study employed a case study design while including 70 respondents as the sample of the study. The purposive and sampling procedures were used to draw the sample. The questionnaires, interview and documentary review were used as data collection techniques. Analysis of information was done through substance examination which for subjective information while quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive analysis with the aid of SPSS. The study findings revealed that, perceived service quality, trust, brand image and customer satisfaction have a greater influence on customer loyalty, as majority of respondents did agree. The study concludes that, trust and brand image influence customer loyalty. The study recommends that, customer satisfaction, perceived service quality should be emphasized on customer loyalty regarding the excellence of the services from the entity. Therefore, customer loyalty arises when customers choose to use a specific shop or purchase a particular product.
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    The effect of government directive on procuring medicine and medical supplies from manufacture to the performance of health facilities. The case of ILALA municipal.
    (Mzumbe University, 2019) Gabriel, Yonas
    The focus of this study was to assess the extent to which the government decided to procure medicines and medical supplies from manufacturers have impacted the performance of the health facilities. The study selected ILALA Municipal which is located in Dar es Salaam region as a case study. The data for the research was collected using questionnaires and documentary review. The targeted population was Ilala Municipal employees working in health facilities and staff from MSD procurement unit. The data collected were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and presented through tables, pie charts, and trend analysis. The analysis used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The study found that the implementation of government decision to procure medicines and medical supplies direct from the manufacturer has a positive effect to the performance of health facilities in terms of cost saving, quality improvement, and availability of medicines and medical supplies. The method leads to competitive prices which increase saving to the health facilities. The increases in saving help the health facilities to improve the services they offer to the final consumer, in this case, the patients. Wouters, Sandberg, Pillay, & Kanavos (2019), suggested that the countries can use bulk procurement to procure medicines and medical equipment. The findings revealed that the level of rejects of medicines and medical supplies due to quality defect has been reduced. This involves good packaging for easier storage and transportation to the final consumers. The study revealed that the confidence of the patients on the health facilities services have improved compared to the situation before. This could have been caused by the improvement in the availability of medicines. The products in a storage facility or distribution channels can be easily identified which discourages counterfeit and substandard medicines in the supply chain. The extent to which the availability of medicines and medical supplies has improved is supported by the ministry of health budget speech for financial year 2019/2020. It was
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    Measuring satisfaction of usage for the web-based information system (WBIS) for E-services: A case of Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2015) Gabriel, Anthony M.
    Advancement in ICT, Strengthening of network infrastructures and increase in internet usage for more than one decade in Tanzania have changed how people work and interact, this has contributed many companies, businesses and government agencies to go online for the web based information system which facilitates online transactions in product and service industries. Important concern has been raised about the levels of satisfaction on e-services in WBIS environment compared to the offline environment, WBIS environment offers more opportunities for interaction and personalization. Still there is a gap between customer perception and expectation toward e-services. WBIS provides easy means of platforms for all to achieve their respective goals within a short time and with the secure means of data transfer. WBIS act like mediator between clients and providers. Organization incorporates WBIS in order to reach various clients around the world easily, quickly and cheaply. The objective of this study was to measure satisfaction of users in using WBIS for eservices. in this study three types of e-services were consulted namely ehealth, e-commerce and e-governance as the representative of other services provided electronically, the study used interviews, questionnaires and documentary review to get more data for analysis, the base was seven dimensions of the e-service quality for three e-services types selected. The research findings suggest that e-service quality contributed to customer satisfaction, factors like quality information, e-mail notification, timely and prompt responses, customer attention, loading speed of web pages, web page being friendly, assurance of serive or product delivery,safaety of transation and understanding customer needs has a positive influence on customer satisfaction. It is recommended that in order to bridge the gap between service expected and perceived, e-services provider should know the customer expectations in dealing with them, inclusion of systems which track customer purchasing behaviors for customer attention and preferential treatment which is vital in users satisfaction .
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    Effect of budget on financial performance in social security sector in Tanzania: A case study of PPF Pensions Fund.
    (Mzumbe University, 2018) Fute, Frank
    The study aimed at addressing the effects of budget on financial performance in social security sector in Tanzania with a case study of PPF Pension Fund in Dar es Salaam. This research examined budget as a planning tool towards financial performance in social security sector, also examined budget as a control measure on financial performance and lastly determined the relationship between budgeting and financial performance within the organization. The researcher used a sample size of 150 respondents from different departments within the case study area using Purposive Sampling technique. Both primary and secondary data collection methods were applied in gathering information from the respondents and qualitative and quantitative data were obtained. For quantitative data, researcher conducted a descriptive analysis only on frequency. The data were classified, coded and then entered into computer software. Microsoft excel reviewed data in the form of frequency table. In presenting and discussing the results, the frequency at which a word or description occurs interpreted the full potential of the content to connect the opinions of the respondents. Since then, the relationship (causal relationship) between each independent variable and the dependent variable was examined. Findings from the study revealed that budget affects tools for financial performance in organization, as the majority of the respondents agreed it. Nevertheless, respondents agreed that budget integrates the organization’s strategic planning with budgets and processes of cost control, also budget identifies sources of financial and business data that provided, budget helps interpret strategies and performance measurement. However, it was revealed that budget at PPF is necessary because it ensures participation of managers in planning, facilitates organization to set budgets that are reasonable and achievable, define manager’s responsibilities in budgeting, effective accounting records and procedures in budgeting and emboldens commitment of the management. Regardless the study it is concluded that; there are various setbacks that were experienced at the case study during the implementation of budget which includes insufficiency allocation of fund as the major problem facing the implementation of budget at PPF, unexpected expenditure was also identified to hinder effective implementation of budget, unattainable target or standards prior to budget, also another factor that hinders the implementation of budget include embezzlement of funds by unethical officers, Other problems encounter budget includes changes of budget reforms and an increase in service cost and outsourcing. Finally, researcher recommends that the management of PPF to continue valuing budget in their policy by providing precise and detailed budget plans to facilitate easy implantation of budget and strategic plans as it influences organization performance and enhances development to a great extent. Nevertheless, participation should always be made to enable the impact of budget officials when increasing productivity on Fund operation.
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    A study on awareness of share ownership among the community members in Tanzania: A case study of Dar es Salaam City
    (Mzumbe University, 2018) Frednand, Clavery Sebuband
    A study on awareness in ownership of shares was done in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. A share is a piece of ownership of company or enterprises. The broad objective of the study was to determine communities’ level of awareness on the ownership of shares. Specifically the study intended to assess the knowledge on ownership of shares, influence of geographical location and to determine acceptability of information on share ownership. This study presents the findings of a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in Dar es Salaam. A sample size of four hundred was systematically sampled. Purposive and simple Random sampling was used to obtain samples from the community. Sample from community individual was served by means of questionnaire for primary data collection and finally assessment of respondents. Research findings revealed that, among 400 investigated respondents 271(67.8%) never heard about share ownership and 129(32.2%) heard about share ownership. Respondents from remote area were found to be unaware as compared to those in the urban influenced by lack of network coverage as source of information .Seminar providers didn’t reach the remote area which increased unawareness. Information on share ownership was not highly accepted due to lack of knowledge which caused them to invest more in other investment than shares. The findings are supported by Singh (2015) where he found that stock exchange must assure the community so that they can commit their fund on safe investment The researcher concludes that community members have low level of awareness on share investment. The study has come up with gape that need addressing to scale up awareness on share ownership. The Social Responsibility Theory is appropriate theory to be used for rectifying the situation of improving awareness on ownership of shares among the community in Dar es Salaam.