Health Systems Management (HSM)

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Browsing Health Systems Management (HSM) by Author "Badran, Issa S."

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    Efficacy of Azadirachta indica plant leaves extract against “Bulinus globosus” snails under laboratory setting
    (Mzumbe University, 2018) Badran, Issa S.
    Niclosamide is the only chemical compound recommended for fresh- water snail control worldwide. Unfortunately, this compound has genotoxicity and carcinogenic effects. Besides, this compound is expensive and unaffordable to low income community members and developing countries like Tanzania. This study had the aim of testing the Azadirachta indica (neem) plant leaves extract against Bulinus globosus snails under laboratory setting so as to come up with alternative product to be used in the control of snails. The objectives of this study included determination of the lethal dose at LD50 and LD95 of grinded leaves of Azadirachta indica plant against field collected Bulinus globosus and determination of effectiveness of lethal time at LT50 and LT95 of grinded leaves of Azadirachta indica plant against field collected Bulinus globosus. Study population was snails and study design employed was experimental, which consists of two comparable groups which were an exposure and non-exposure groups containing 10 snails per batch with 266 total sample size for each group of hours. The study revealed that Azadirachta indica has a molluscicidal effect against Bulinus globosus although at all doses no LD50 and LD95 were recorded during the 6 hours exposure despite of recorded snail mortalities. The LD50 of 28.81g/L with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of 39.8-54.8 was recorded at 12 hours exposure where LD95 could not be recorded at this same time. The LD95 was recorded after 24 hours of snail exposure and this was 42.99g/L with a 95% Confidence Interval of 73.9-89.7. However, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that no statistical significance different between the mortality exerted by the three groups for 6, 12 and 24 hours (P>0.05). On the hand, LT50 was recorded at the dosage of 28.81g/L and LT95 at the dosage of 42.99g/L. These findings therefore show that Azadirachta indica leaves extract has poison to kill Bulinus globosus snails because at laboratory setting experiment this was obvious. The important things noted are that to obtain high rate of mortality higher dose and longer time are needed. Furthermore, it is recommended to do the same vii experiment to these snail‟s species using other parts of the plant such as bark and seeds so as to make full utilization of the plant.