Dar es Salaam Campus College (DCC)

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A study on awareness of share ownership among the community members in Tanzania: A case study of Dar es Salaam City
(Mzumbe University, 2018) Frednand, Clavery Sebuband
A study on awareness in ownership of shares was done in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. A share is a piece of ownership of company or enterprises. The broad objective of the study was to determine communities’ level of awareness on the ownership of shares. Specifically the study intended to assess the knowledge on ownership of shares, influence of geographical location and to determine acceptability of information on share ownership. This study presents the findings of a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in Dar es Salaam. A sample size of four hundred was systematically sampled. Purposive and simple Random sampling was used to obtain samples from the community. Sample from community individual was served by means of questionnaire for primary data collection and finally assessment of respondents. Research findings revealed that, among 400 investigated respondents 271(67.8%) never heard about share ownership and 129(32.2%) heard about share ownership. Respondents from remote area were found to be unaware as compared to those in the urban influenced by lack of network coverage as source of information .Seminar providers didn’t reach the remote area which increased unawareness. Information on share ownership was not highly accepted due to lack of knowledge which caused them to invest more in other investment than shares. The findings are supported by Singh (2015) where he found that stock exchange must assure the community so that they can commit their fund on safe investment The researcher concludes that community members have low level of awareness on share investment. The study has come up with gape that need addressing to scale up awareness on share ownership. The Social Responsibility Theory is appropriate theory to be used for rectifying the situation of improving awareness on ownership of shares among the community in Dar es Salaam.
Administration of value added tax: The case study of Mbeya city in Mbeya region
(Mzumbe University, 2017) Walalaze, Paul
This study aimed at assessing the administration of Value added tax (VAT) in Tanzania with reference to Mbeya City. This main objective was achieved with the following specific objectives: to identify the challenges facing business traders to register themselves voluntarily with VAT, examination of obstacles facing business traders in collecting the 18% from their customers, exploration of the factors making business traders to be reluctant in using EFDs, investigation of whether all eligible traders for VAT are actually registered and examining the knowledge of business owners on tax payment. The study used questionnaires, interviews and relevant documents to collect primary and secondary data. The study found that VAT implementation in Mbeya City of Mbeya Region has been facing a combination of challenges (problems) such as: misunderstanding of the public in general and business community in particular regarding the VAT laws. It was further found that there was resistance against registrations for VAT by some traders. Moreover, it was found that some traders provide understated financial statements, while others did not issue invoice or issued illegal invoices. It is thus concluded that there are various problems in administration of value added tax in Mbeya City. On the basis of these findings, the study recommends that the authority should train the taxpayers about the rules and regulations of VAT continuously and recruit new employees.
An assessment of factors affecting crop board performance in Tanzania; A case Cashewnuts Board of Tanzania.
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Peter, Fadhili
The general objective of this study is to assess factors affecting crop board performance in Tanzania. A case cashew nuts board of Tanzania. The study had three objectives which were ; assessing financial availability affecting crop board performance in Tanzania ; finding out of the stakeholders coordination factors affecting cashew nuts crop board performance in Tanzanian policy and regulations factors affecting cashew nuts crop board performance in Tanzania. The study adopted case study design, the study‘s population was from CBT employees, cashew nuts famers and buyers. A sample size of 166 was recruited through the use of convenient sampling techniques. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires and interviews guide and schedule. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in data analysis and presentation. It has been found that the central government remains to be the overall financer of CBT, however lack of fund availability is among the main factors that hinder CBT performance. Also, CBT has the role of setting indicative the price which have the effect on domestic prices as well export prices of the crop. However, the price calculations do not reflect the actual situation in the market. Moreover, CBT is the coordinator of cashew nuts farmers and buyers and all other stakeholders but the task is not effectively undertaken. Marketing of raw cashew nuts to external markets is largely monopolized by buyers. With regard to marketing of kernels individual processors are left without support to reach out to buyers, domestic and from abroad, and process, package and advertise final products adequately. Marketing of kernels therefore is still erratic, ad-hoc and unprofessional. The domestic and East African market may constitute a huge potential but there are shortcomings with regard to presentation and advertisement. The environment for doing business in the cashew value chain is not hostile but a complicated one. Processors and traders need to deal with a number of permits which they only get if they have access to the network of stakeholders. Outsiders may find it extremely difficult to engage and invest in the sector while those who know the sectors for years can easily maneuver over the various hurdles and stumbling blocks. Procedures, regulations and licenses to buy and process cashew nuts must be simplified without losing overall oversight on movement and quality of products (through CBT).
An assessment of team work in the performance of tax collection: A case of large tax payers department, Tanzania Revenue Authority
(2014) Mandota, Florence Alphonce
Teamwork is the competitive tool we strive to escalate understanding in teams of the interpersonal and performance dynamics that affect productivity and working relationship. This study intended to assess the contribution of teamwork performance in tax collection a case of Large Taxpayers Department in Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA). The research was carried out at Large Taxpayers Department in Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA). The study was conducted with the following objectives: To identify the mode(s) of teams existing in TRA; compare TRA employees productivity (work efficiency) with and without teams in Tanzania; infer on the relationship between organization (TRA) productivity and team working spirit in Tanzania and finally identify problem(s) and or challenge(s) faced by teams in tax collection to TRA employees in Tanzania Data were collected through Questionnaires, Interviews and Documentary Review. Questionnaires were open-ended questions, which allowed individuals to express their views concerning the contribution of teamwork performance in tax collection; Interviews were conducted on the basis of predetermined interview guide. Thus both qualitative and quantitative methods were collectively employed in the process of collecting data and information required in this research. After Analysis of the data, tests of questionnaires were carried and presented in tables for easy interpretation. From findings, a researcher has concluded that Problem solving teams, Informal teams, self directed teams, Leadership teams, and Virtual teams are the modes of teams existing in Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) as they have been mentioned by respondents in the questionnaires and during the interview. Moreover, table 4.1 shows that problem solving teams and virtual teams are the key dominants existing in TRA since they have scored more than 100% and 91% frequency scores out of 100% respectively. Therefore, Tanzania Revenue Authority is working inform of taskforce and technological oriented in achieving its revenue collection objectives which is good. This study recommends that any effective team is based on the principles strategies and common purpose that everyone should pay attention on with fair share as a team vii member. Team members themselves should make sure they build an effective team through adherence and implement purpose, principles and planned strategies in order to maintain fairness. If team work promoted in a sufficient manner it should improve the quality of work life of employees, it should reduce absenteeism and turn over to the employees which encourage innovation and improve organizational adoptability and flexibility, also improve communication and trust between the team members.
An assessment of the implications of exchange rates fluctuation on the performance of SME’S in Tanzania: The case of electronic devices traders at Kariakoo, Dar es Salaam
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Cyprian, Angela
The growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) worldwide always depends on favourable business environment. Nevertheless, SMEs in Tanzania are threatened by a number of limitations that hinder their performance. One of the constraints is exchange rate fluctuation. This study had a main objective which was to assess the implications of exchange rate fluctuation on the performance of SME’s. In order to achieve the study objectives, assessment of the effects of foreign exchange rates fluctuations in the performance of SMEs as well as the effects of inflation rates fluctuations in the performances of SMEs was conducted. The study also assessed the mitigation strategies on inflation and exchange rate fluctuation. Descriptive research design was adopted in this study. The reason behind the selection of the design was its purpose and the nature of the variables at hand, which needed qualitative and quantitative analysis methods and the interpretation of views and perceptions. Findings from the study indicated the negative effect of exchange rate to business performance. Exchange rate was seen to impact many areas such as the importation of goods and the payment of trade creditors. The study concludes that, Unstable exchange rate has negative implication to the performance of SMEs in Tanzania. Depression of the value of currency which mainly occur in Tanzania and many developing country cause the decrease in purchasing power in importing product and also result in rise of product price in internal market. The study recommends to policy makers to make consideration on exchange rate dynamics when making monetary policy and fiscal policy.
An assessment of women’s empowerment programme in Tanzania: A case of women income generation projects in Arusha city.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Castor, Neema
In the present study an attempt has been made to investigate the outcomes of women empowerment in Tanzania through income generating projects of women and its impact on their socio-economic empowerment. The target population of the present study was eighty (80) women who had availed services and/or support from the Council. The general objective was to investigate women’s empowerment programmes in Tanzania taking a case of women income generation projects in Arusha City Council in Arusha region. Specific objectives were to determine minimum resource envelopes which are directed to women empowerment programmes in Arusha city; assess the extent in which government’s investments contributed to the improvement of women’s empowerment in the study area; and identify challenges with relations to women empowerment’s programme in the study area. Research design used was cross sectional. Data collection methods used were simple random sampling technique, focus group discussions and a review of appropriate published documents and other related information toward women’s empowerment. The instruments used were questionnaire and interview guides. Findings indicated that irrespective of type, all IGPs supported by Arusha City Council have induced positive impact in women empowerment, though the extent of changes is not significantly high. The projects have enabled women to have a better access to basic needs and make important contribution to household decision making, especially the decision regarding their personal needs and availing treatment and recreational facilities. Various recommendations have been made on the findings of the study. The focus has been directed to the promotion of active involvement of beneficiaries, behavior change, increasing household asset bases, in-service training for community officers, conducting capacity building for micro-credit schemes, development of participatory monitoring and evaluation mechanisms as well as promoting advocacy.
Analysis of challenges facing Small and Micro Enterprises in accessing finance from Commercial Banks: The case of Kariakoo Market
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Dobson, Jackline
The aim of this study was to examine challenges faced by Micro and Small Enterprises regarding the process of accessing finance from commercial banks in Tanzania using Kariakoo Market as a case study. The study utilized both primary and secondary data through a case study research design.The study used a sample of 100 respondents from micro and small enterprises that are in operation, mainly beauty shops, mobile phones and accessories vendors, clothes and shoe vendors, food, salons and cereal vendors. Data analysis techniques involved quantitative and qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis was aided by a computer program through outputs from SPSS version 20.0 and excel, while qualitative analysis involved content analysis based on the primary data and respondents comments. The findings indicate that, MSEs at Karikaoo market have been facing difficulties in accessing loans from banks. This is attributed by lack of adequate correct information and knowledge with regards to get their loans; high cost of credit; difficult collateral requirements and inadequate business skills for entrepreneurs to maintain proper books of accounts and failure to prepare bankable business plans. The study concludes that, MSEs have a great potential to substantially contribute to economic growth of the country. Given their potentials, MSEs need to be equipped with necessary tools that will help them grow and utilise their full potentials. The study recommends training and education to MSEs should be given a top priority to enhance their entrepreneurial skills and be able to manage financial challenges. The government need to put in place enabling environment that will ensure MSEs are supported in terms of accessing finance, and research institutions and academia should work hand in hand with other stakeholders to conduct further research that will in identify more challenges and offer workable solutions.
Analysis of the role of East African Community (EAC) in the development of cross-border trade: A case of united republic of Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Mbwambo, Iman Elineema
This study investigated the role that the EAC has played in the development of the cross-border trade; while focusing on the impact of capital inflows, intra-trade and the effect of inflation to export Performance of Tanzania.The study employed the Gravity Model theoretical framework which used the gravity equation to describe the size of joint trade flows between two countries. The data was analyzed using the estimation technique – Pooled Mean Group (PMG). The study used a panel of four countries with annual data for the period 2003-2018 using the PMG technique. The outcomes of PMG revealed that FDI, GDP from the Partner States and inflation have all a positive statistically significant relationship with Tanzania exports, imports from the Partner States affects Tanzanian exports negatively except for population variable. The results of the PMG in the short-run have revealed that; changes in the rate of Rwanda’s import has a positive and statistically significant impact to Tanzania exports; the economic growth of Uganda has had a negative statistical significant relationship with Tanzania’s export performance. Otherwise, the positive change in the economic growth of Tanzania statistically increases the rate of export; and that, Burundi and Kenya have no short-run causality with the Tanzania export rate because all the variables are not statistically significant. The discoveries of this study have significant policy inferences to the economy of Tanzania. The biggest constraint to the study was the fact that data were sourced from diverse sources, which are conflicting, thus requiring an in-depth analysis to be conducted first. Future research can expand the number of countries to include other regional integrations that Tanzania is associated with, such as the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC).
Assessing the effect of agricultural export values on foreign exchange rate in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Mlay, Noel
Agricultural sector in Tanzania employs over 65% of the Tanzania population (NBS, 2017 and contributes to foreign exchange earnings through crops exports. This study aimed at examining the effect of agricultural export values to Tanzanian foreign exchange rate and assessed if there is long-run relationship between agricultural exports value and foreign exchange rate using secondary data on total exports, agricultural exports, imports and foreign exchange data from 1989/1990 to 2018/2019. The Regression analysis, Unit Root Test, Johansen Test, Vector Autoregression and Granger causality test were used for analysis. The study concludes that, both total imports and total exports have significant influence on Tanzania exchange rate. Furthermore, it was observed that, there is a causality between total agricultural exports and foreign exchange rate in Tanzania whereby, foreign exchange rate causes agricultural exports and not otherwise. Also, the causality between total imports and total exchange rate is that total import cause’s foreign exchange rate in Tanzania. Regarding the long run relationship between agricultural exports value and foreign exchange rate in Tanzania, it was observed that there is long-run relationship that exists between agricultural export value and foreign exchange rate in Tanzania. The conclusions obtained in this study are very useful for policy making especially on use of foreign exchange rate to stimulate exports. For the Tanzania case, it was observed that devaluation will increase agricultural exports and not total exports. Also, regarding to imports, it was observed that, the total imports have negative impact on Tanzania Shilling hence effort to reduce imports pressure should be implemented to reduce importation.
Assessing the impacts of information technology on the performance and growth of the Banking Industry in Tanzania.
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Dahal, Leyla K.
The objective of this study is to assess the impacts of Information Technology on the performance and growth of the banking industry in Tanzania: The case of Standard Chartered Bank Tanzania. However, the study also sought to examine the contribution of Information technology on the performance and growth of the banking industry, to identify the Information technologies used on the banking industry and analyzing the impacts of Information Communication Technology on the performance of the banking industry during pre-information technology and post information technology. Based on the objective and research questions, the research instruments such as questionnaires, interviews, observations and documentary reviews were used so as to get information that addresses the issue under study. The research instruments contained specific questions that answered research questions directly and other general questions that had no direct reflection to the objective of the study, but added value to the research. Data were analyzed according to research questions which guided the study with support of tables and graphs. This helps to intensely show and summarize findings. Findings of the study show Information Technology as key to performance of the banks and this is likely to boost growth of the banks. This study recommends and suggested that investment in information and communication technology should be key component in overall strategies. This will allow IT providers to market their innovations well hence better services for the banks. Financial institutions should sensitize IT developments by offering programs and workshops that will give knowledge to both staffs and customers
Assessing the relationship between motivation and employees’ work performance: A case study of the East Coast Oils and Fats Ltd
(Mzumbe University, 2017) Emmenuel, Thadei
The study assesses the relationship between motivation and employees’ work performance. Performance of individuals at East Coast requires immediate attention and investigation. Late comings, earlier outs, absenteeism, low commitment and engagement and the like have greatly affected the work performance of individuals. The total study involved a sample of 94 workers; obtained by a DeVaus Formula with the consideration of 90% Confidence level and only 10% Margin error. A systematic random sampling approach was adopted in the sampling process. Primary data was collected using structured Questionnaires administered to 90 randomly selected respondents. Data were analyzed with the aid of SPSS and presented in tables and figures. Regression analysis was attempted to establish the relationship between Motivation and employees’ work performance. The study findings reveal that majority of the workers were motivated by working conditions, promotions, salary, recognition, appreciation for work done. The study also found that most employees believe that training, salary and incentives highly influence their work performance. The study also revealed that employees are highly satisfied with co-worker relations and work while the majorities are dissatisfied with salary, recognition, organizational rules, and promotion opportunities. Based on the study findings, it is concluded that there is a positive relationship between motivation and employee work performance, and thus effective motivation packages within an organization can enhance the performance of individuals and help shape their behavior.
Assessment of effects of tax-breaks on economic growth of Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2019) Emmanuel, Kaisi
This study intended to establish the effects of tax-breaks on economic growth of Tanzania. The study’s specific objectives were to determine the tax-breaks that have been available for businesses, to determine the rate of economic growth of the country from 2006 – 2018, and to determine the relationship between tax-breaks and economic growth of Tanzania. The study employed a quantitative approach to research; the study collected only secondary data from four government agencies. The collected data were then analysed using statistical software known as Gretl which provided descriptive, correlation and regression analysis findings. The study identified over 80 tax breaks available in Tanzania, and being enjoyed by government institutions, parastatal organizations, religious organizations, NonGovernmental Organizations (NGOs), Donor Funded Project (DFP), private companies and individuals, mining sector, oil/gas exploration, military duty free shop and Tanzania Investment Centre (TIC) in addition the study determined that the economy of Tanzania has been growing at an average rate of 6.7% over the period between years 2006 – 2018. Furthermore, the finding indicates an existence of an insignificant negative relationship between tax breaks and economic growth. The study concludes that too many tax breaks are been given, some do not even relate to business or investment of any sort. The government offices and international communities enjoy too much tax breaks. The fact that so many government offices have such benefits could lead to misuse of that privilege leading to the country losing more revenues, and recommends that rather than focusing on tax breaks as the main investor attraction criterion, the country should focus on creating a conducive business environment whereby there are good infrastructure such as affordable and reliable electricity, transport, high level education, unnecessary bureaucracies due to corruption practices, and political stability. Because other countries such as Mauritius, Costa Rica, Ireland and Malaysia have managed to attract huge number of investors with none or very little tax breaks OECD (2007), so why not in Tanzania. Furthermore, because there are other countries that have had a positive economic growth out of granting tax breaks as an investors’ attraction strategy (UNCTAD, 2012). This study recommends the government seeks to learn how others have managed to do it successfully, and then model their success.
Assessment of electronic banking services adoption towards customer use in Tanzania: A case of some selected commercial banks in Dar es Salaam city.
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Chanda, Joel.
This study basically assessed the adoption of electronic banking services towards customer use in Tanzania. The research was based on three specific objectives: to determine the effects of internet banking on customer use, to determine the effects of mobile banking services on customer use, and to assess the effects of automated teller machines on customer use. Explanatory design was used in order to undertake this research. Data was collected by the researcher by contacting employees of two commercial banks using 69 respondents that constituted the sample selected using simple random and purposive sampling techniques. The researcher collected primary data by going to field by contacting respondents that were sampled. The data was collected by the researcher through structured questionnaires complemented by interviews, and was analyzed quantitatively using SPSS to generate relevant statistics measurements. Descriptive statistics were calculated and used to present the characteristics of the participants using frequency and percentages tables. The relationship test among variables was done based on correlation and multiple regression tools. Qualitatively, data was analysed using content analysis through descriptive statements. Results indicated that the three independent variables quantitatively tested were positively having significant effects statistically on customer use in electronic banking adoption for the dependent variable with p<0.05. Qualitative analysis cemented these findings with similar results.
Assessment of social security coverage among informal sectors: A case of informal sectors operating in Kinondoni District
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Ndullah, Zainab.
This study aimed at assessing the social security coverage among the informal sectors by focusing on the informal sectors operating in Kinondoni District. The objectives of the study were to assess the social security policy in Tanzania; to identify the efforts taken by pension fund to reach those who are undertaking the informal sector activities; and to assess the benefits offered by pension fund, if at all, they cover the interest of those who are in the informal sector. PPF was selected as a case of this study to represent other social security funds in Tanzania. The study involved a sample size of 220 respondents who were selected through purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected by using questionnaires, interviews and documentary review methods. Secondary data was analyzed qualitatively through content analysis and primary data was analyzed quantitatively by using statistical measures and methods including percentages and tables. The study found that there are many efforts undertaken by the social security staffs on making the informal sector participants be members of the social security funds. It is also the finding of this study that the policies available do favor the informal sector people. However, the study indicates that there is no enough awareness and customer satisfaction with the benefits offered by social security funds to the informal sector. The study has discover several setbacks which hinder informal sectors to joining the pension funds including the low level of income, uncertainty in regular cash, as well as lack of awareness on the importance of social protection. It is the recommendation of this study that Social security funds should invest in provision of education to the informal sector on the advantages of being members of social security funds as well as the disadvantages of not being members so as to enable members of the informal sector to join social security funds.
Assessment of the contribution of FINCA mfis services on SMEs growth in Dar es Salaam city: A case of FINCA Dar es Salaam.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Kagaruki, Arnold M.
This study assessed the contribution of Microfinance Institutions to the SMEs growth in Tanzania using the case study of FINCA. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the trend of MFIs in assisting SMEs to access various types of loan products, to assess the relationship between MFI loans and SMEs growth by evaluating whether the SMEs businesses have improved after receiving loans from MFIs. Also the study intended to determine the challenges faced by SMEs in accessing loans from MFIs. Lastly, this study had an objective of suggesting constructive measures to improve SMEs access to MFIs loans which would help their growth. The study used primary data collected by using questionnaire from 157 selected SMEs and officers of FINCA. The analysis of data was mostly descriptive and which was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings revealed that MFIs offer various types of loan products ranging from small group loans, village bank loans and business loans. Each of these has different interest rates but which are relatively lower compared to the rates charged by commercial banks. However SMEs still consider the interests to be high and the loan conditions to be somehow difficult. It was also established that MFI loans have helped the growth of businesses which had small capital bases prior to accessing the loans. Lastly, it was established that lack of collateral, default on previous loans and failure to maintain proper records to be the most challenging factors hindering SMEs access to loans from MFIs. The study recommends that MFIs should keep the costs of loans lower and vary the loan conditions because the nature of businesses differ in terms of the revenue cycle and production cycle. So repayment schedules should consider this factor to avoid default.
Assessment of the contribution of microfinance in promoting women entrepreneurial activities: a case of Kinondoni District
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Mutagwa, Catherine Audax
In large part, the microfinance industry has been a catalyst for boosting sustainable development, particularly for the less developed economies, for growth in the business sector, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. In addition, the participation of women in the business sector in the small and medium-sized enterprise sector, especially in Tanzania, has been closely linked to the microfinance sector, which has proved to be a significant step for most female entrepreneurs. This study sought to assess the contribution of microfinance in promoting women entrepreneurial activities, in a case of women entrepreneurs in Kinondoni district. Specifically, the study intended to determine the effect of the microfinance loans (credit size) in promoting women entrepreneurial activities, to examine the effect of the microfinance interest rate on promoting women entrepreneurial activities and lastly to determine the influence of knowledge enhancements (trainings) provided by microfinance in promoting women entrepreneurial activities. This study employed a cross sectional research design particularly sampling a sample of 362 respondents. The study performed a purely quantitative analysis that involved the use of statistical and econometrical methods in order to create an empirical economic association within the studied information. In the findings, the study found out that the microfinance loans (credit size), interest rate charged and the knowledge enhanced (training), all together have a significant impact on the promotion of women entrepreneurial activities as they contribute to the business annual turnover and an expansion in the business outlets at different significant intervals. This therefore concludes that the microfinance does not only drive or stimulate the empowerment of women but also play a catalyst role in promoting women entrepreneurial activities. Hence recommended that there should be a promotion and advancement of the microfinance services so as to promote the development of small and medium enterprises and especially women-based businesses by financing them through various microfinance institutions.
Assessment of the customer data usage and perceived service quality in managing customer relations in banking industry: A case of CRDB
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Tairo, Ester C
A study assess customer data usage and perceived service quality in managing customer relations in banking industry. The specific objectives were to; examine the relationships between customer satisfaction and customer relationship management in banking industry, examine the relationships between customer loyalty and customer relationship management in banking industry; examine the service quality dimensions that determine customer relationship management in banking industry and examine the customer data usage and perceived service quality in managing customer relations in banking industry. The study adopted case study design; purposive sampling and simple random sampling were used to select respondents. Questionnaires, interview and documentary review were used in data collection and sample size of 55 respondents was used in the study. Findings indicated that, respondents identified meeting customer expectations by 62% as key relationship that links customer satisfaction and customer relationship management. Findings also revealed that, respondents identified attitudinal loyalty by 58% as key relationship that links customer loyalty towards customer relationship management. Moreover, the findings revealed that, respondents identified assurance by 39% and empathy by 28% as the key service quality dimensions that determine customer relationship management. Furthermore, the findings revealed that, respondents accepted perceived or experienced service was not consistent with the expected service resulting in bad quality and a quality problem. paraphrase The study concluded that, meeting customer expectations exert significant linkage between customer satisfaction and customer relationship management. Also, attitudinal dimension lead customer’s intention to repurchase and recommend, which are good indicators of a loyal customer. Likewise, assurance and empathy service quality attributes are essential for an organization survival and growth. Similarly, expectations were unrealistic the total perceived quality was low, irrespective of the vii experienced quality. Henceforth, the study recommended that, Bank managers should implement an effective customer relationship management that enhances customer satisfaction, loyalty and provides opportunities for banks to cross-sell other related and unrelated products to its customers. Policy makers should use the findings of the study to develop appropriate regulatory policies and frameworks for ensuring faster realization of CRM inclusion strategies. Banks should evolve role of customer data in CRM and help identify new directions for customer data usage.
Assessment of the factors affecting exports volume in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2019) Daffa, Suleiman M.
The general objective of this study was assessing the factors affecting the export volume in Tanzania. The study examined the contributions of insurance and financial services on export volume in Tanzania, contributions of official exchange rate on export volume in Tanzania and contributions of logistic performance index on export volume in Tanzania. The study adopted descriptive cross sectional design and targeted population was 195 countries in the world. Tanzania was selected as a sample of analyzing the study problem. The primary data and secondary data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The study found that the positive significant contribution of insurance and financial services on volume of exports of goods and services. The study revealed that there is positive significant contribution of official exchange rate on volume of exports of goods and services. The study observed that the positive significant contribution of logistic performance index on volume of exports of goods and services. The study concluded that efforts to promote access to insurance and financial services for exporters in Tanzania has to be highly motivated in order to promote more exports of goods and services. The study recommends that since logistic performance index, official exchange rate and insurance and financial services are significant predictors of volume of exports of goods and services in Tanzania, it is important for stakeholders on international trade find a better way to improve logistic performance index, official exchange rate and insurance and financial services in order to promote more exports of goods and services.
Assessment of the factors influencing the selection of entry modes into foreign markets by SMEs: The case of Kinondoni District in Dar es Salaam
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Mwanitete, Amos P.
This research was carried out to find out factors influencing SMEs’ selection of foreign market entry mode, objectives governed the research were: identifying various modes of SMEs foreign market entry, identifying factors influencing SMEs' selection of foreign market entry modes, discussing the significance of SMEs internationalization and assessing the impact of particular mode of foreign market entry to the performance of an SME. Research methods used to collect data were questionnaires; interview and documentary review, respondents from Kinondoni Dar es Salaam were involved. The data was analyzed by using Statistical tool so as to give the meaningful information. The research findings shows that large number of Tanzanian entrepreneurs have not yet internationalized their business abroad due to number of factors including, lack of capital to expand their business abroad, lack of information regarding business opportunities abroad and complexity of procedure to be followed to get the approval of trading abroad, on the other hand few have been trading abroad and the report shows that most of the entrepreneurs are using exhibition as the most appropriate entry mode to the global market as they said it is the easiest one, other modes identified includes exporting, licensing, joint venture and sole venture. Regarding factors influencing the selection mode of entry to the global market it was observed that market attractiveness is the one mostly influence large number of entrepreneurs to choose the entry mode, other factors mentioned includes competition, country risk, psychic distance, organizational culture and size of the firm, Lastly the report shows that entry modes to the global market have great impact to the performance of the SMEs as explained in the previous pages. The researcher recommends that the financial institutions should to promote entrepreneurship by giving them loans and setting low (affordable) interest rates. This will help to encourage more entrepreneurs to get involved in entrepreneurial activities and those who are already doing business will get the chance to expand their businesses further, furthermore the government of Tanzania should establish a coordinating office for outreach services for entrepreneurs owned businesses. The study recommends that there is a need to establish the coordinating office for facilitating the assessments of the financial resources and educating the entrepreneurs. This could take the form of a network of small and medium enterprise centers in various regions across the country, or the appointment of a dedicated entrepreneur’s officer in government regional offices.
Assessment of the implementation of activity-based costing and the financial performance: The case of Coca-Cola Kwanza Tanzania Limited
(Mzumbe University, 2019) Esajee, Abdallah
This study assessed the implementation of Activity-Based Costing (ABC) and financial performance of company. The study aimed at determining factors leading to successfully use of activity based-costing method; to analyze the role of activity based-costing on company’s financial performance and to determine the techniques that can be used to improve activity based-costing. Coca-Cola Kwanza Tanzania Limited was selected as a study area whereby a total of 80 respondents were included into the study. Questionnaire and interview were designed for the purpose of collecting primary data for the study. In addition, secondary information was gathered through an intensive documentary review. The results of the study showed different factors leading to successfully use of Activity Based-Costing (ABC) at Coca-Cola Kwanza Tanzania Limited. Results of the study revealed, the leading factor to the successfully use of activity based costing method was management support. Also the study found that ABC plays different roles in the financial performance improvement of the company and cost reduction. The study concluded that effective use of activity based costing method depends highly in the management support of the company. Thus, Management support forms an important part into the success of activity based costing method. Cost reduction has been found as the sole and primary role of activity based costing methods of any company. Therefore, the study recommended to the management of the company to hold firm and devices best strategies towards an improvement of activity based costing method including ABC related training provision company employees.