Faculty of Social Sciences
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Item Usawiri wa eskatolojia ya Waafrika katika mbolezi za Wangoni(CHALUFAKITA 2020, JUZ. NA. 2, 2020) Duwe, MartinaEskatolojia ni kipengele kimojawapo kinachodhihirisha falsafa ya jamii za Waafrika kulingana na mila na desturi zao. Tafiti nyingi zilizofanywa kuhusu dhana hii zimejiegemeza katika muktadha wa kiteolojia. Baadhi ya tafiti hizo ni zile zilizofanywa na Baloyi (2008) na Lup (2013). Licha ya kuwapo kwa tafiti hizo, dhana ya eskatolojia ya Waafrika hususani fasihi simulizi za jamii ya Wangoni bado haijamakinikiwa ipasavyo. Aidha, ni wazi kwamba fasihi simulizi ni fasihi inayobeba na kuibua maarifa ya kifalsafa yanayoisawiri jamii husika kulingana na kaida zao. Kwa mantiki hiyo, makala hii inajadili usawiri wa eskatolojia ya Waafrika katika kipera cha mbolezi hususani za jamii ya Wangoni ili kubainisha maarifa yanayobebwa katika kipera hicho. Makala hii ni matokeo ya utafiti uliofanyika kwa kutumia mbinu ya ushuhudiaji shirikishi katika matukio yanayoambatana na suala la kifo na mahojiano ya ana kwa ana na baadhi ya Wangoni katika mazingira yao halisi. Data zimechanganuliwa kwa njia ya maelezo. Data hizo zinaonesha kuwapo kwa eskatolojia ya Waafrika katika mbolezi za jamii hiyo. Hata hivyo, makala hii inajadili vipengele muhimu vitatu tu ambavyo ni: kuamini katika uwepo wa Mungu, mwendelezo wa maisha baada ya kifo na nguvu za waliokufa (mizimu).Item Microcredit, micro enterprising and repayment myth: The case of micro and small women business entrepreneurs in Tanzania(World Scholars, 2013) Tundui, Charles S.; Tundui, Hawa P.The aim of this article is to examine the sources and determinants of loan repayment among women microcredit clients in Tanzania. We surveyed a random sample of 286 business owners who were PRIDE microfinance programme clients in Morogoro and Iringa towns. The study focused on loan conditions, household characteristics and business management experience, skills and management practises by the business owners. Loan repayment difficulties were reported among 19.6 per cent of borrowers. Logistic regression results have shown that loan size, interest rate and duration of membership in the programme do not predict loan repayment. Instead the results have demonstrated that business skills and management practises play a very significant role. We also found household size, the number of household members with fixed salaries and decision making regarding loan use to have a significant influence on loan repayment. From the results, it is established that the factors that limit growth of women businesses are also liable for their repayment difficulties. These results may imply that for the borrowers to increase their avenues for loan repayment, it is imperative that the measures used by microfinance programmes to ensure that borrowers repay their loans they also include support services that enable clients to expand their businesses; increase profit levels and generate enough surplus for loan servicing and re-investment in the business. Such services could include training in business skills and management. This further suggests that there is a need for an integrated and holistic policy approach in supporting and promoting micro enterprising among the women rather than piecemeal initiativesItem Foreign direct investment and industrialization in Tanzania admixture time series forecast analysis 1960 - 2020(Applied Economics Letters, 2023) Utouh, Harold M.L.; Kitole, Felician AndrewThis paper examines and forecasts the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on industrialization and industrial performance in Tanzania by using World Bank data spanning 1960 to 2020. The admixture time series analysis of Vector Autoregressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) has been extensively explored to provide accurate estimation. The need to examine FDI inflows is enormously based on domestic macroeconomic parameters that are stuck in many developing countries, including Tanzania, implying that FDI is necessary for growth and development now and in the future. According to the findings, FDI granger causes industrialization, and the more the sector thrives, the more granger causes FDI inflow. In the long run, FDI has a significant impact on Tanzanian industrialization growth, whereas the exchange rate (EXR) has a significant impact on industrialization growth in the short run. The study recommends the Bank of Tanzania to take appropriate measures to control poor-performing economic parameters such as the exchange rate, inflation, and the improvement of the money market in order to enhance capital availability and accessibility.Item Forecasting effects of foreign direct investment on industrialization towards realization of the Tanzania development vision 2025(Cogent Economics & Finance, 2024) Utouh , Harold M. L.; Kitole, Felician AndrewPurpose: This paper aims to deepen understanding and knowledge regarding the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the industrialization process. Many developing countries aspire to shift from agriculture-centric economies to achieve sustainable development through industrialization. Realizing this goal, however, has been challenging, prompting an examination of the sixty-year trends and effects of FDI on Tanzania’s industrialization trajectory. Methodology: This study employs a comprehensive approach utilizing time series models, specifically the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model and the Error Correction Model (ECM), to analyze the dynamic influence of FDI on industrialization. By forecasting the five-year trajectory of industrial growth and FDI inflows using data from the Bank of Tanzania and the National Bureau of Statistics spanning 1960 to 2020, this methodological framework aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the FDIindustrialization relationship, contributing valuable insights to the economic development discourse. Findings: The study’s results highlight the significant role of FDI in shaping both short- and long-term industrial progress, which is critical to advancing Tanzania’s industrialization goals. Conversely, factors like exchange rates predominantly impact the short-term industrial landscape. Forecasts from the analysis indicate a projected decline in both FDI and industrialization from 2020 to 2022, followed by a notable upturn from 2022 to 2025. This underscores FDI as a key driver for integrating agriculture-based economies into global value chains, facilitating economic upgrading through capital accumulation—a fundamental catalyst for sustained industrialization.Item Foreign direct investment (FDI) into Tanzania manufacturing sector for promotion of employment : A demystification(Int. Journal of Management and Development Studies, 2016) Utouh, Harold M. L.; Rao, M KoteswraLately, the African Sub–Saharan nations have witnessed massive inflows of FDI, Tanzania inclusive. This calls for the need to evaluate the effect of the FDI on the economy of the recipient nations. A range of theoretical and empirical literature suggests various links through which FDI exert a positive impact on the economy of the recipient country, including the positive effect that FDI have on growth and employment creation. This paper used secondary data and time series data from 1990 to 2012 and argues that there exists a positive relationship between FDI inflow and Economic growth. This means that the FDI inflows in the industrial sector have a direct positive impact on economic growth in Tanzania. The study also confirms that there exists a positive relationship between FDI inflow in the manufacturing sector and employment creation.Item The effective use of information and communication technology in teaching and learning in selected public primary schools of Morogoro municipality in Tanzania(Mzumbe University, 2019) Temu, Niceta DThis study intended to assess the effective usage of information and Communication Technology in public primary schools. The study was guided by three specific objectives; (1) to identify the roles of ICT in teaching and learning process, (2) to find out factors influence usage of ICT to make effective teaching and learning in public primary schools and (3) to search challenges of using ICT in teaching and learning in public primary schools of Morogoro Municipal Council in Tanzania. The study applied qualitative research approach to make easy collection of deep information that include feelings, experiences and deep understand from the respondents. Explanatory case study design was employed, the study included total of twenty-one participants specifically: three head teachers, three ICT experts, three subjects’ teachers and twelve pupils. Focus group discussion, interview and document review were used to collect information which was analysed through content data analysis. The major findings revealed that there are enough and quality teaching and learning materials from the internet and school savers that help teachers and pupils to get quality and useful education. Also, teachers and pupils are much interested to integrate ICT in teaching and learning but there are serious challenges that make the ICT equipment to remain as useless facilities in the schools. Poor management of ICT facilities, deprived electricity, insufficient ICT equipment and teachers’ lack skills and knowledge on ICT usage, are the problems that hinder the usage of ICT in public primary schools. The researcher recommends that there is a need to strengthening the government’s ICT policy for primary education to push the educational stakeholders to take the issue of ICT integration in education extremely. There should be ICT training for teachers and other education stakeholders in order to bring competent in ICT usage in public primary schoolsItem The role of communication between the school and community in ward secondary schools performance at Singida municipality(Mzumbe University, 2016) Emmanuel, AndrewThis study was conducted to examine the role of communication between the school and community in ward secondary schools performance in Singida Municipality. The specific objective of the study were to find out the role played by schools and community in ensuring communication exists and it is effective in the school, to explore community participation in everyday activities of schools, to find out the perception of community and the school on the need for the effective communication between them and to find out the influence of effective communication between community and schools to the students performances. The study involved 105 respondents (58 male and 47 female). The study has used simple random and purposive sampling techniques, also the study employed case study research design, employed interview and questionnaire methods for data collection. The study used thematic and statistical descriptive techniques for data analysis. The findings shows that schools and community do not ensure the existence of effective communication between them since there is great communication breakdown that lead to the difficulties in teaching and learning activities in the ward secondary schools, poor participation of parents into different schools activities as well as poor channel used for school and community communication. Also, the findings noted that there is poor participation of community in everyday activities of school such as indiscipline cases of their children, payment of school contributions and to participate in school`s meetings for decision making on different matters. The presence of poor perception of the community and school hinder effective communication between them. Lastly the study revealed the impacts caused by lack of communication between community and schools to the students’ performances. Lack of effective communication lead to indiscipline of students, lack of parents’ seriousness on making follow up of their children academic progress.Item SME taxpayers perceptions on tax compliance in Tanga City and Muheza District, Tanzania(Mzumbe University, 2017) Sifuni, Twamzihirwa DaudiThe present study assesses the perceptions of small and medium enterprises on factors affecting tax compliance in Tanzania. Where the research problem was based on low tax compliance as a result of increase in tax evassion. The study employed crosssectional research design with sample size of 160 respondents (Tax payers). A purposive non probability sampling and random probability sampling technique were used to choose respondents from the study area. Semi-structure questionnaire was used to capture intended information. Data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, logit Model and chi square-test. The findings on analysis of demographic characteristic of the SME Tax payers revealed that majority of respondents about 48.13 percent were between 40 and 51 years. The majority which was 55.6 percent of respondents had primary education. Meanwhile 51.2 percent of respondents were married. Moreover, the results revealed that 73.13 percent of respondents had business income between 500001 and 4500000 Tsh per month while 45.6 percent of respondents had 4-49 employees in their business. However majority of respondents agreed that the tax collected assists the government in provision of services. On the other hand the result shows that there is association between tax payer’s perception on tax rate, fines, government services delivery, and penalty towards tax compliance. Furthermore the result from logistic regression model indicated that if tax rate is perceived high by SMEs tax payers, tax compliance would decrease by 25.50%. Moreover, perception of SMEs tax payers on penalty was high; penalty would be expected to increase tax compliance by 46.99%. If the perception of SMEs tax payers on fine was high, fines would be expected to increase the tax compliance by 29.58%. If perception of SMEs tax payers on government service delivery was high the tax compliance would be expected to increase by 61.93%. The study recommends that, the government should inject tax education to the education curriculum from the primary level in order to increase tax awareness to the community and remove wrong perception prevailing in the society.Item The role of school management committee in improving students' academic performance in Tanzania: A case of ward secondary schools in Ubungo district, Dar-es-salaam(Mzumbe University, 2019) Longino, TeddyThis study investigated the role of School Management Committees in improving students’ academic performance at Ubungo district in Dar es Salaam. Three objectives guided the study: Firstly, to analyze how SMC helps in improving school management, secondly, to examine how SMC facilitate citizens and parent’s participation in the management of the schools and thirdly, to identify how the SMC motivates teachers. The study employed convergent parallel mixed method where a researcher used quantitative and qualitative data under cross sectional study design. The study also involved sample of 90 respondents from 15 ward secondary schools found in Ubungo district. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that, SMCs are very active in day to day school supervision, monitoring capitation grants in cooperation with the school management and transparency to the community. Furthermore, SMCs played a great role in preparing and arranging parents and teachers meeting which led to the improvement of students’ academic performance. Additionally, SMCs played a great role in maintaining good students’ behavior and discipline for the improvement of students’ academic performance. The study concluded that, even though the results show that SMCs are ineffective in some areas such as providing allowances and training to the teacher, is still considered and adopted as the key factor for the improvement of students’ academic performance. The study advocates teachers, parents and community to cooperate fully with the SMCs in managing the schools for the aim of improving students’ academic performances. For the school that does not formulate SMCs should do effectively for the better academic performance.Item Deciphering the drivers of food security in Tanzania: Non-experimental research design(SCIENCE MUNDI, 2024) Sesabo, Jennifer K.Food security is a pressing global concern, particularly in developing countries such as Tanzania, where rural areas, predominantly inhabited by smallholder farmers, bear the brunt of its adverse effects. This study looks into the determinants of food security among smallholder farmers in Tanzania, utilizing data from the agriculture sample census survey of 2019/20 conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Employing a Non-experimental research design, the study used a probit regression model to estimate key factors influencing food security. The results underscore the significance of factors such as irrigation (-0.906, p<0.01), extension services (-0.040, p<0.05), crop storage (-1.473, p<0.01), land ownership (-0.070, p<0.01), and female land ownership (-0.909, p<0.01) as crucial determinants of food security in Tanzania. The study advocates prioritizing community-based irrigation for reliable water sources, expanding targeted extension programs, investing in modern crop storage, ensuring secure land tenure, implementing comprehensive seed subsidies, and adopting a holistic approach to soil fertility management. Policymakers are urged to support these measures to enhance food security among smallholder farmers in Tanzania, promoting resilience, productivity, and sustainability.