Faculty of Social Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Poverty

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    Factors affecting maize production in Kiteto district, Manyara region, Tanzania: Cross sectional design
    (Science Mundi, 2024) Utouh, H.M
    Maize is one of the most important food crops globally; however, its production in most developing countries has been facing several challenges that also affect the livelihood of the large number of smallholder farmers who highly depend on the crop for food and income. Therefore, to deepen understanding of the same, the current study explores factors affecting maize production in Kiteto district, Manyara, Tanzania. This study employed a cross-sectional research design to gather primary data from a randomly selected sample of 100 individuals. The data was analysed using the multiple linear regression technique. The findings revealed that farm size (0.0083, p<0.01), access to irrigation (0.0878, p<0.01), and access to improved seeds (0.0582, p<0.01) had a significant statistical influence on the level of maize production. Furthermore, regarding the challenges, the results were analysed through the utilisation of measures such as the mean, frequencies, and percentages. Furthermore, the study found that shortage of rainfall, maize price fluctuation, diseases, and pests were the main challenges facing maize farmers in the study area. The study findings recommend that to improve maize production, there is a need to increase accessibility to irrigation facilities, improved seeds, fertiliser, and modern farming techniques among smallholder maize farmers, and this may be done by the government in collaboration with the private sector.
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    The contribution of tourism on poverty reduction at Northern Region in Unguja: A case of pro poor tourism at Kiwengwa- Pongwe Village
    (Mzumbe University, 2013) Abdalla, Said Faraji
    This study assessed the Contribution of Tourism on Poverty Reduction at Northern region in Unguja; A case of pro poor tourism at Kiwengwa- Pongwe village. The study used the cross sectional data of 91 samples population of households from all Shehias of Kiwengwa-Pongwe. The data analyzed by using SPSS and STATA softwares. The results showed that the most economic activities, by which the local community had been engaged for employments, were employments from the tourism related activities which were about 46.2 percent equivalent to 86.8 percent of total income accrued by the households from that sector. The market chain for the development of livehood of local community in that area the results have shown that about 73.6 percent were access the market for their sea products, the market for local spices to tourists were about 17.6, the market for selling handcrafts were 5.5 percent and only remaining 3.3 per cent were the market for their agriculture products. In other hand the impact of the tourism sector on the growth of other services about the 73.6 per cent of respondents have denoted that the massive flow of the tourism investors in that area have influenced the economic and social transformation in that areas. It was found that about 57.1 percent of the local entrepreneurs got their initial capital from the support of pro poor projects in that areas and only 42.9 percent of local entrepreneurs got their initial capital from their own means of business formulation. It was found that 47.3 percent reported that tourism have more significance on employment opportunities, about 36.3 percent said tourism have significance on development of infrastructure, 12.1 percent said tourism have significance on improvement of the social services and only 4.4 percent said tourism have significance on growth of other sectors. In conclusion there is a need for the government of Zanzibar to address the special policy which will enhance the role of local community on the development of tourism activities .The establishment of that policy should be well organized, documented and implemented. The study also has recognized that the government of Zanzibar should have the decentralization policy that will promote and enhance the pro poor benefits from the income collected by the local government on entire area in order to improve the local community development.
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    The impact of government expenditure on pro poor sectors in reducing poverty: A case of Kibaha District
    (Mzumbe University, 2013) Musiba, Crispin
    This study examined the impact of government expenditure on pro poor sectors in reducing poverty in Kibaha district for the period of 2000 – 2009. The tool of analysis used is error correction model and pair wise granger causality to examine the impact of government expenditure on pro poor sectors for economic growth and poverty reduction. Tanzania has been characterized by increased public expenditure on pro poor sectors yet, it is experiencing an economic activity and pro poor growth been shrinking. For example, inflation has fallen from 30% in 1995 to 4.4% in 2004 and GDP grew at 5.2% in 2004, up from 2.6% in 1995. Despite these achievements, the decline in poverty has been only 3% during the 1990s (from 39 to 36%). The main objective of this study is to analysis the impact of government expenditure on pro-poor sectors in reducing poverty in Kibaha district. Pro poor sectors mentioned in this study are agriculture, health, education and roads. This study carried out statistical examinations to ensure the data was valid and reliable. Therefore, data diagnostics (stationery and unusual data) and good-fit model specification test (time series properties, normality test, unit root test, autocorrelation test, and cointegration test) were established. The study indicated that cointegration exist only when Per Capital Income (PCI) act as dependent variable. A long run relationship exists among PCI, road, health, education and agriculture expenditure in Kibaha district. The result for causality shows that government health expenditure granger causes per capital income and the causality runs from health expenditure to per capital income. Moreover, the result shows that on average, government expenditure on education have a positive significant effect on per capita income in Kibaha district. Others, government expenditure on agriculture and roads have positive relationship on per capita income and insignificant. Coefficient of health government expenditure has negative insignificant relationship on per capita income. The results emphasize the importance of government prioritization on its expenditure and spend. The implications of study are to improve investment to the pro poor sectors. In the course of implementing the development of pro poor sectors and other poverty reduction policies and strategies, people need to be trained for skills necessary to cater for the changing poverty and economic environment. It is recognized that, the success of poverty reduction policy depends on among others, well-developed human resources base.
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    Deciphering the drivers of food security in Tanzania: Non-experimental research design
    (SCIENCE MUNDI, 2024) Sesabo, Jennifer K.
    Food security is a pressing global concern, particularly in developing countries such as Tanzania, where rural areas, predominantly inhabited by smallholder farmers, bear the brunt of its adverse effects. This study looks into the determinants of food security among smallholder farmers in Tanzania, utilizing data from the agriculture sample census survey of 2019/20 conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Employing a Non-experimental research design, the study used a probit regression model to estimate key factors influencing food security. The results underscore the significance of factors such as irrigation (-0.906, p<0.01), extension services (-0.040, p<0.05), crop storage (-1.473, p<0.01), land ownership (-0.070, p<0.01), and female land ownership (-0.909, p<0.01) as crucial determinants of food security in Tanzania. The study advocates prioritizing community-based irrigation for reliable water sources, expanding targeted extension programs, investing in modern crop storage, ensuring secure land tenure, implementing comprehensive seed subsidies, and adopting a holistic approach to soil fertility management. Policymakers are urged to support these measures to enhance food security among smallholder farmers in Tanzania, promoting resilience, productivity, and sustainability.
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    Navigating the economic landscape: A comprehensive analysis of government spending, economic growth, and poverty reduction nexus in Tanzania
    (Applied Economics Letters, 2024) Kitole, Felician A.; Msoma, Liberati J.; Sesabo, Jennifer K.
    This study delves into the intricate nexus between government expenditure, GDP per capita, and poverty reduction in Tanzania. Employing Granger causality analysis, Vector Autoregressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) on the World Bank dataset spanning from 1990 to 2022 the study unveils dynamic relationships and crucial insights for policymaking towards poverty free society. The findings underscore significant directional causation between government expenditure and GDP, underscoring their pivotal roles in poverty alleviation. Furthermore, the study reveals that while an increase in gross domestic per capita initially reduces poverty, it exacerbates its prevalence in the long run. Conversely, government spending emerges as a consistent force in reducing poverty across both short and long-run periods. These results emphasize the imperative need for Tanzania and other developing nations to comprehend these interconnected factors, facilitating the formulation of effective strategies that foster inclusive growth and propel the nation towards sustainable development.