Dissertations (Masters) DP

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.168.30.20:4000/handle/123456789/57

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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Determinants of men’s involvement in HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and testing in Ruangwa District Council in Lindi Region, Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2015) Shibanda, Hosea
    The main aim of the study was to assess the determinants of men involvement in Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) in Ruangwa District council. The specific objectives were: to document the status of men involvement in the HIV/AIDS VCT, investigate efforts made by the Ruangwa District Council to encourage men involvement in HIV/AIDS VCT, to find out influencing factors and limiting factors and explore ways of promoting participation of men in the VCT. The study used a cross-sectional research design and involved 78 respondents who were sampled purposively and randomly. Data were collected using questionnaires, interview, and documentary review and were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and MS Excel. Findings on the status of the HIV/AIDS VCT show that many people had heard about it, many respondents agreed that the rate of performance of VCT was very important to them, number of VCT centres was not enough and number of men participating in the HIV/AIDS VCT was smaller than that of women. The efforts made by Ruangwa District Council to encourage men involvement in the HIV/AIDS VCT were, establishment of Council Multi-Sectoral AIDS committee (CMAC) , establishment of HIV/AIDS radio programmes, establishment of secondary schools and youth HIV/AIDS clubs, encourage preventive mother to child transmission (PMTCT), factors hindering men from participating in HIV/AIDS VCT were, absence of confidentiality, fear of positive results, stigma, location of VCT room and distance to VCT centers, while facilitating factors were the health problems, religious influence and marriage purposes. The study came up with the following policy implications so as to encourage men in HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and testing: To meet minimum requirement for VCT, to improve the quality of VCT centres, site security and confidentiality and human resources issues prioritised for sustainability.
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    Challenges of micro-finance institutions towards women empowerment in Kilimanjaro Region Tanzania: A case study of Moshi municipality
    (Mzumbe University, 2013) Kyara, Stella E.
    The study identified the challenges that micro-finance institutions face in the process of empowering women in Moshi Municipality. The specific objectives of the study are; exploring the causes for challenges of micro-finance institutions, assessing the strength and opportunities found in Moshi Municipality for women empowerment, and lastly suggesting possible solutions to alleviate challenges that face micro-finance institutions in Moshi Municipality. The study adopted a case study design. Random sampling and purposive sampling were used to a total number of 70 respondents who were customers and staffs of micro-finance, and Municipal officials who were dealing with microfinance. Data collection for this study employed different methods such as questionnaires, interviews, observation and focused group discussion. With respect to the objectives the findings revealed several challenges, causes of the challenges and pointed strength and opportunities found in Moshi municipality which are; poor repayment, politics, delay of funds, bureaucracy, corruption, unfaithful staffs, and unfaithful customers. Causes for the challenges are poor management in the organizations, economic depression, and inflation. And lastly strengths and opportunities to empower women in Moshi Municipality pointed out are; availability of financial institutions, availability of funds, the area being in town where business can possibly flow due to the availability of good infrastructures, and availability of entrepreneurship education to the customers that gives them a wide knowledge of operating business and skills to manage funds they raise. Basing on the findings it was recommended that, there should be multiple ways to help in alleviating the experienced challenges which includes, design of suggestion box, trainings should be conducted for capacity building to customers, there should be a visit to customers' business for evaluation to see if they meet standards that can help them lend more money, lastly, financial management education should be provided to SACCOS board members and there should be more cooperative officers to support organizations in training, auditing and advise to the existing SACCOS.
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    Analysing the effectiveness of the proposed child protection system model in preventing and responding to violence against children in Temeke District, Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2015) Kayoza, Harold K.
    Generally, the study intended to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed child protection system model in preventing and responding to violence against children. The study was conducted at Temeke District. The objectives of the study were; to examine 3 the status of violence against children in Temeke District, to assess the implementation of Child Protection System Model (CPSM), to identify the extent to which the child protection system model has been effective and to examine challenges in implementing the child protection system model. The case study research design was used whereas a sample of 40 respondents was used in collecting data. Primary data was collected through questionnaire and interview guide while secondary data was collected through documentary analysis. The study found that, there are 54 cases that are recorded from July 2013 to June 2014. The study found that, the number of recorded cases dropped from 3 to 2 cases in July and September respectively. In October the number of recorded cases increases to 11 cases. Also, the study found that, there are different types of VAC in Temeke District. Moreover, the study found that, the large number of the respondents identified mental impairment as a major effect facing victims. The major effects facing victims involve; death, aggressive behavior and physical impairment. The study concludes that child protection system model has been effective for some extent. Although significant steps have been taken to improve child protection system model for the protection of the rights of children in the piloted areas in Tanzania, the study recommends that there is a need to improve the effectiveness of the child protection system model, this requires accountability and transparency, good laws and policies cannot protect children unless all duty bearers are held accountable to them.
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    Education and training policy and access to education for most vulnerable children in children care centres in Hai District, Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2018) Mwanga, Robert A.
    This study focused on assessing the implications of the Education and Training Policy in access to primary education for most vulnerable children (MVC) in children care centres in Hai district, Tanzania. The study assessed community knowledge of the MVC in children care centres, ways through which education is provided to the MVC, how the policy has improved access to primary education for the MVC, and influencing factors. The study employed a case study method and engaged 137 respondents who were selected by using purposive sampling and simple random techniques. Data were collected by using interviews, focus group discussions, questionnaires and documentary review and analysed through Microsoft excel and presented in table, quotations and percentages. Findings show that respondents had high level of awareness about MVC in children care centres as they were well informed about it; knew about availability of MVC; could distinguish MVC from non MVC; and identified the children care centers. Primary education to the MVC was provided through extra curriculum trainings, enrolment of the most vulnerable children in nearby public schools, engagement of donors, exclusion from mandatory contributions, and continuation from ended classes. It was found that since the introduction of the children care centres there has been more achievements in educational status of the MVC. The achievements are life skills acquisition; decrease of truants in schools; unsegregational learning environment; integrated funding; increase of education facilities, number of MVC in secondary and technical trainings increase; and improvement of self-identification ability among MVC. The failures are insufficient education privileges to MVC, failure of the MVC to cope with their original families when back home, and inadequate donations and supports as needs are many. Access facilitating factors are short distance to schools, availability of donors, children care centres' own financial capacity, stigmatization free environment, good conduct of care givers, integration of the most vulnerable and non vulnerable children in school, good educational infrastructures and lastly support from village government. The limiting factors are insufficiency of teachers trained on special needs education, lack of good community participation, land insufficiency and hidden indirect objectives of the children care centres. To enhance education for the MVC there is need for increasing number of qualified teachers for children with special needs, promote community participation, look for more spaces for building children care centres and schools, and promote good governance among stakeholders.
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    Exploring the role of theatre in empowering children: The case of Baba Watoto Centre in Dar es salaam, Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2019) Edward, Sophia
    Stakeholders are striving to improve the lives of children both in families as well as in streets. Such efforts are ongoing since the children are faced with unique challenges of their own. This research study was conducted as part of such efforts. The main objective of the study was to find out the role and prospects of Baba Watoto Centre in the Children’s Empowerment. The specific objectives were centred at describing the activities of Baba Watoto Centre, identifying elements of theatre in activities done by Baba Watoto Centre and lastly assessing the role of Theatre at Baba Watoto Centre in Children’s Empowerment. The study was conducted at Dar es Salaam Region, Kinondoni District, at Baba Watoto Centre, Mburahati area. Contextual analysis research configuration was embraced, whereby both organized and unstructured inquiries were connected to gather essential data and information from a chose test size of 30 respondents containing 20 kids, and 10 staff of Baba Watoto Centre. Further investigation, focus group thoughts and casual trek were led to get more subtleties of the essential overview findings. Auxiliary information was gotten through writing/archives survey from Baba Watoto office, Mzumbe University library and on the web. Subjective information investigation was utilized to get elucidating measurements, frequencies, rates and means while subjectively true data were acquired through Centre gathering discourse. The outcomes of this examination demonstrated that, Baba Watoto Centre is assuming a positive job in engaging kids through theatre. Children feels restored, protected, upbeat, freed and significant to the society. More involvement of various children will act as a means of talent recognition. Therefore, the study recommended, financial assistance to Centre, establishment of more Centre, government intervention and support, various stakeholders’ technical know-how skills on how to deal with children, so as to, enhance better performance of the Centre and a means to empower children.
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    Exploring institutional factors limiting governance of capitation grants for secondary schools in Momba District, Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2018) Twaha, Siraji
    The overall objective of this study was to explore institutional factors limiting governance of capitation grants released from the central government to decentralised public local facilities providing secondary education in selected secondary schools of Momba District. Specifically, it assessed the perceptions of school community towards poor governance of capitation grants in public secondary schools, how cognitive, regulative and normative structures of public secondary schools contribute towards poor governance of capitation grants, and ways to enhance effective governance of capitation grants in schools. The study adopted a case study design and used a sample of 101 study participants. The quantitative data for this study were analysed descriptively through Microsoft Excel, and presented by using tables. Also, the qualitative data were analysed through content analysis. The study found out that there is a general dissatisfaction of the education stakeholders on the disbursed amount of capitation grants. School boards are normally excluded from the decisions concerning the amount disbursed and expenditure of capitation grants that makes difficult for them to execute their supervisory role. It was found that there are management conflicts between school boards and School Management Teams (SMTs). Furthermore, majority of school board members had insufficient knowledge on governing capitation grants. There are no strong rules and regulations that compel heads of schools to use capitation grants in a participatory manner. It was also found that parents are not much concerned with education matters including guiding their children to go to school that limited governance of capitation grants. Cognitive factors such as insufficient knowledge towards governance of capitation grants were found to be the leading institutional factors limiting governance of public funds released by the government. The suggested measures mentioned to enhance effective governance of capitation grants are to establish rules and regulations to ensure capitation grants‟ expenditure is done in a participatory way, criteria for allocation and disbursement of capitation grants should base on the needs of the schools and not number of students. There should be clear boundaries in the execution of school management duties between school boards and SMTs. The study concluded that under the fee-free policy, it is difficult to realise the quality of education unless the institutional factors that contribute towards poor governance of capitation grants in public secondary schools are thoroughly addressed.
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    Implementation of education policy in reducing school dropout in Zanzibar: A case of Tumbe ward Pemba
    (Mzumbe University, 2015) Ussi, Rashid Mohamed
    The study sought to examine the implementation of the existing Zanzibar education policy in reducing school dropout at Tumbe Ward of Micheweni District Pemba in Zanzibar. Specifically, the study examined the status of dropout, strategies used in reducing dropout, and the socio-economic effects; such as educational, economic and social effects. The study further assessed the existing Zanzibar education policy in reducing dropout rate. It was a comparative study; it was set to compare the rate of dropout between primary and secondary levels. Interviews were conducted to 06 key informants, while questionnaires were used for other 89 respondents through which both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analysed in this study. The study revealed the causes of dropout as poverty, early marriages and teenage pregnancies, illiterates of parents, parents‟ separation and in adequate of school teachers. The study further revealed that, females‟ dropout in Primary level was higher compared to males‟ dropout rates and males‟ dropout rate at secondary level was higher compared to that of females. Generally, it emerged from the study that, the dropout rate in secondary level was higher than primary level. Apart from the provision of alternative education, the study established other strategies used in reducing dropout rates; these include Community Police and parents meetings with school committee members that were helpful in reducing dropout. The results of the study further showed that there were socio-economic effects caused by dropouts in Tumbe Ward. The alternative education program was helpful in reducing dropout, while the law that allowed the pregnant girls to returning back to school after delivery was not effectively implemented in the area. Lastly, the study recommends measures to address dropout rate; such as punishment to parents who allow their children to dropout; recruitment of adequate and qualified teachers; provision of assistance to poor students; increased awareness to the parents on the need for school students‟ retention; and the advocacy for alternative education to be diversified specifically in rural areas.