Dissertations (Masters) DP

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.168.30.20:4000/handle/123456789/57

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 146

Potentiality of onion production to poverty reduction: The case of Ruangwa district, Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mbiha, Joram R.
This study was conducted in order to examine the potentiality of onion production to poverty reduction in Ruangwa District. The study aimed at addressing the trend of onion production, magnitude of poverty in the study area, the market potential of onions and limiting factors facing onion production in the study area. The study involved 127 respondents selected randomly or purposely to meet the study objectives. The data were collected using interview and administration of questionnaires. The study showed that onion production is a potential activity in poverty reduction to farmers engaged in onion production. This was revealed by existing market potential, income obtained from sale of onions and its expenditure. Despite of this potentiality of onions to poverty reduction, its production was not consistent as there was rise and fall due to market fluctuation, frequent climatic change, high prices of agricultural inputs as well as application of poor farming methods. That is why people decided to produce other crops in order to reduce the magnitude of poverty. The income obtained ranged between 100,000 to more than 500,000 Tshs and expenditure priorities included health (21.1%), education (36.6%), purchase of building materials (22.5%), acquisition of furniture (18.3%) and other uses (1.4%). Hindrance to onion production was also caused by existence of different challenges such as lack of extension services (26.8%), low level of farmers’ education (19.7%), presence of poor roads (14.1%), poor farming methods (7.0%), poor agricultural tools (1.4%), unreliable market (18.3%), lack of government support (9.9%) and other (2.8%). From these findings, it was concluded that onion production has high potential to poverty reduction though it was still not delivering its full potential to poverty reduction. Therefore, the study recommended that there is a need for the government and other stakeholders to ensure that there is a reliable market, prices of agricultural inputs are reduced and ensure that cooperative societies operate to safeguard interests of onion producers. There is also a need to improve delivery of extension services and quality of roads. These measures in turn can increase opportunity to onion producers to earn more income at household and national levels as well as sales of onion in the foreign market.
Local institutions and water resources management in urban areas of Tanzania:The case of Mazimbu ward in Morogoro municipality
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Seluhinga, Hilda P
The study explored involvement and participation of local institutions in water resources management in Mazimbu Ward within Morogoro Municipality. The study employed a case study design where data were collected using questionnaires and supplemented by interviews (primary data) from three categories of respondents, namely community members, MORUWASA staffs and local leaders. The data obtained were analysed using SPSS version 6. The findings revealed that more than Tsh 86,000/= was charged to the community members in getting water pipe per month. Nearly 44% of the community members were using private water tapes from their neighbourhood, who were connected from the main pipes. Public tapes were not operating well as institutions concerned were not repairing them as a time of leakages occurred for about 56%. Further it was reported that 36% of water resources management and protection rules and procedures were not cascaded down to the grassroots level hence rendering community involvement exercise difficult and unpractical at about 64%. This study recommends providing education to community members; also, water bills to be affordable, water pipes repair and maintenance should be done by the members themselves by organizing or forming a committee which will collect money through visiting one street after another and private water pipes installation should be discouraged. These can enhance the community involvement and reduce the complications that occur due to water scarcity. Therefore, further investigation is needed on local institutions and water resources management in urban areas because still in urban areas local communities are lowly involved in management of water resources. Water tapes are left without repair and the bills given are high, service delivery is not satisfactory and there is bad governance in the distribution of water in urban areas
The impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on performance of Tanzania Posts Corporation (TPC)
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Isote, Lynnchristine Gregory
This study aimed at exploring the impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on performance of Tanzania Posts Corporation (TPC). The study focused on examining ICT technologies available at TPC; assessing efforts used to improve product innovation in TPC; assessing performance trends before and after adoption of ICT in TPC and exploring customer responsiveness towards TPC services in the era of ICT. The study adopted a case study research design to attain its objectives. The sample size for the study was 62 respondents. Purposive sampling technique was used whereby questionnaire, interviews, observation and documentary review were used to collect data. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Excel software were used in analysis, while data from in depth interviews were analyzed qualitatively. In this study, it was found that ICT technologies available at TPC include: computers, telephone and internet. Also, findings revealed that there was a statistically insignificance increase in performance before adoption of ICT and after adoption of ICT, whereby profitability of items posted in mails and logistic business, financial and agency business and courier business was assed, also Return on Asset and Marginal ratio were used as indicators. The eta squared statistic was applied and the results indicated very small effect size. In addition to that, the study revealed that customers still needed TPC services in the era of ICT in spite of development of other forms of communication like emails, mobile phones and internet. This study recommends increasing the government support to TPC by improving physical infrastructure and providing vehicles for transporting mail and parcel so that it can fulfill the major obligations of universal postal services to the customers so as to ensure efficiency in TPC operations. In order for TPC to enjoy the fruits of ICT on its performance, it must speed up the way of adopting ICT so as to ensure significance increase in performance. Finally, it is recommended that TPC must raise its trustworthiness, improve customer care, strengthen their network, improve their services and cope with market competition.
Applicability of information and communication technologies in enriching curriculum implementation in selected teachers colleges in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Noyi, Said
This study investigated the applicability of Information and Communication Technologies in enriching curriculum implementation in teachers' colleges in Mara Regions in Tanzania. The study specifically examined the extent to which the ICT is applied by tutors in the teaching and learning process in TCs, identifies the challenges facing tutors when applying ICT in the teaching and learning process in TCs and establishes the strategies for effective use of ICT by tutors in the teaching and learning process in TCs. A total of 46 participants from one diploma teachers college and grade A teachers college were used. The sample category involved 2 principals, 2 heads of ICT departments, 2 academic deans obtained through purposive sampling and 40 tutors obtained through simple random sampling. The study employed exploratory research designs, while the research approach involved qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The data were gathered through closed-ended questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, observation and documentary review. Data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative data was analysed by using SPSS version sixteen descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation was used to present data. Qualitative data was analysed by using thematic and content methods and presented by statements. The findings show that the tutors' ICT applications are commonly applied while the rest are not because of a lack of ICT knowledge or skills and infrastructure support. Major problems faced were personal or college based such as insufficiency in ICT knowledge and skills, lack of technical support and inadequacy of ICT facilities. Strategies to be applied should be personal-based, college based and ministry based. Study recommendations were based on teachers' colleges including principals of the college, academic deans, heads of ICT departments and tutors and the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training including teacher's departments and ICT units. Additionally, there is a need to review Education and Training Policy (ETP) of 1995 to accommodate changes in time that are occurring everywhere in the world.
Participation of local government authorities and the performance of intergrated water resources management in Tanzania: a case study of little Ruaha river, Iringa district
(Mzumbe Unversity, 2013) Muginya, David M.
The intent of the study was to assess the participation of LGAs and the performance of integrated water resources management a case study of Little Ruaha River Iringa District. The study used a cross-sectional design to achieve its objectives. A sample size of 100 respondents was drawn using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques were questionnaires, in –depth interview, observation, focus group discussion [FDG] and documentary review. Quantitative data were analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences [SPSS]. For qualitative data, content analysis was used to analyzed the data. The findings were presented in tables, charts and figures to ease interpretations. The study revealed that participation of LGAs in IWRM has been enhanced through establishment of District facilitation teams, water user associations in form of irrigators associations and community owned water supply organizations and village environmental committees. Further the findings indicated that local government authorities are involved in water resources management through various activities which include formation of water user associations, formation of water and environment committees, formulation of environmental and water sources protection bylaws and preparation of land use plans. The study findings also show that there is a good relationship between local government authorities and Basin water authorities. However, findings from the study revealed that local government authorities face a number of problems in managing water resources which include lack of funds, poor irrigation infrastructure, population increase, climate change. Moreover, findings from the study indicated that local government authorities are able to influence the performance of integrated water resources management in their areas of jurisdiction. The study recommendations include: increasing technical capacity by employing more extension officers at the ward and village level, allocating sufficient resources for construction and improving irrigation infrastructures, enforcement of water and environmental conservation by-laws developed by local government authorities.
Applicability of information and communication technologies in enriching curriculum implementation in selected teachers colleges in Tanzania
(Mzumbe Unversity, 2013) Noyi, Said
This study investigated the applicability of Information and Communication Technologies in enriching curriculum implementation in teachers colleges in Mara Regions in Tanzania. The study specifically examined the extent to which the ICT is applied by tutors in teaching and learning process in TCs, identifies the challenges facing tutors when applying ICT in the teaching and learning process in TCs and establishes the strategies for effective use of ICT by tutors in the teaching and learning process in TCs. A total of 46 participants from one diploma teachers colleges and grade A teachers college were used. The sample category involved 2 principals, 2 heads of ICT departments, 2 academic deans obtained through purposive sampling and 40 tutors obtained through simple random sampling. The study employed exploratory research designs, while the research approach involved qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The data were gathered through closed ended questionnaires, semi structured interviews, observation and documentary review. Data were analysed through quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitatively data analysed by using SPSS version sixteen descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation was used to present data. Qualitatively data was analysed by using thematic and content methods and presented by statements. The findings show that the tutors ICT applications commonly applied while the rest not because of lack of ICT knowledge or skills and infrastructure support. Major problems faced were personal or college based such as insufficiency in ICT knowledge and skills, lack technical support and inadequacy of ICT facilities. Strategies to be applied should be personal based, college based and ministry based. Study recommendations were based to teachers colleges includes principals of the college, academic deans, heads of ICT departments and tutors and Ministry of Education and Vocational Training include teachers departments and ICT units. Additional, there is a need to review education and training Policy (ETP) of 1995 in order to accommodate changes in time that are occurring everywhere in the world.
Microfinance and poverty reduction among women: The case of BRAC in Dodoma municipal council
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Omari, Rukia B.
The main objective of this study was to examine the impact of loan provided by BRAC in reducing poverty among women in Dodoma Municipality. The study used cross sectional research design to achieve this objective. The target group was between women who had secured loans from BRAC and women who had not secured loans from any financial institutions at the time of the study. The study employed two main data sources, questionnaire and interview guide. The sample size was 100 respondents of which 47 were women who had secured loans from BRAC; 47 women who had not secured loans from financial institutions and 6 officers from BRAC. Differences in poverty levels between loan beneficiaries and loan non-beneficiaries were analyzed using an independent sample t-test and chi-square test. Differences were observed among five poverty indicators, namely income, savings, assets, education and health. Findings indicate that BRAC reach poor women in Dodoma Municipality as most of the loan conditions are affordable for even to very poor women. However, the findings revealed that no association was found between assets ownership, savings, access to better health services and better education with respect to being a BRAC member. Moreover, it was found that majority of women did not face any major constraint during loan processing, but some of them complained on delays, long process and hard conditions. The control group (non-beneficiaries) had no plan to secure loans from BRAC due to various reasons including interest rate, amount of loan given and hard conditions. This study recommends sensitization of the community on the potential of interest free financial services provided by some banks in Tanzania. Finally, areas for further research are given to enhance our understanding on the research topic.
Effectiveness of internal audit as an instrument for improving management in the public sector: A case study of Kibaha Town Council
(Mzumbe Unversity, 2013) Mosha, Angela
The research centred on the use of auditing to improving public sector management using Kibaha Town Council (KTC) in the Coast Region, as a case study. The main issue that guided this study was whether the internal audit department is discharging its responsibilities effectively. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of internal audit as an instrument for improving the management in the public sector in Tanzania. In realizing its objective, the study has employed a case study design which has provided the opportunity to such techniques as questionnaires, interviews, observations and documentary review in the data collection process. The target population of this study targeted the KTC employees who formed 69 respondents. The data obtained in this research provided descriptive statistics and narrations. The study also used a multivariate regression analysis to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The study found that management support had the greatest effect to the internal audit department as an instrument towards improving management practices at Kibaha Town Council. This factor is followed by risk monitoring and on the other hand the internal controls were found to have the least effect. The study recommends that in order for the council to be effective in its operation and service delivery it needs to pay attention to the contribution of internal auditing on its operations. This should go hand in hand with instituting risk mitigation in council’s internal auditing operation. Staffing of the internal audit should be considered critical for the effectiveness of the council internal audit department
Microfinance and poverty reduction among Women: The case of BRAC in Dodoma municipal council
(Mzumbe Unversity, 2013) Omari, Rukia B.
The main objective of this study was to examine the impact of loan provided by BRAC in reducing poverty among women in Dodoma Municipality. The study used cross sectional research design to achieve this objective. The target group was between women who had secured loans from BRAC and women who had not secured loans from any financial institutions at the time of the study. The study employed two main data sources, questionnaire and interview guide. The sample size was 100 respondents of which 47 were women who had secured loans from BRAC; 47 women who had not secured loans from financial institutions and 6 officers from BRAC. Differences in poverty levels between loan beneficiaries and loan nonbeneficiaries were analyzed using an independent sample t-test and chi-square test. Differences were observed among five poverty indicators, namely income, savings, assets, education and health. Findings indicate that BRAC reach poor women in Dodoma Municipality as most of the loan conditions are affordable for even to very poor women. However, the findings revealed that no association was found between assets ownership, savings, access to better health services and better education with respect to being a BRAC member. Moreover, it was found that majority of women did not face any major constraint during loan processing, but some of them complained on delays, long process and hard conditions. The control group (non-beneficiaries) had no plan to secure loans from BRAC due to various reasons including interest rate, amount of loan given and hard conditions. This study recommends sensitization of the community on the potential of interest free financial services provided by some banks in Tanzania. Finally, areas for further research are given to enhance our understanding on the research topic.
Need of effective land policy in Zanzibar : A case study of West district;
(2013) Mtambua, Hamziji Haji
The main objective of this study was to examine the need of effective Land policy in Zanzibar with reference to West district as a case study and the specific objective was to examine social and economic effects of land dispute in Zanzibar in relation to Land Policy of 1982, to identify the challenges of change of land use in Zanzibar in relation to Land Policy in Zanzibar and to identify the opportunities that can be created by Zanzibar land policy. The major methods used in data collection were questionnaires, structured interview, observation and focus group discussion to get relevant information from the respondents. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft excel programme were used to analyze data, which were then summarized into frequencies and percentages and presented in tables and graphs for easier and to give clear understanding of the study. The growing population and increasing of social and economic activities including Tourism and service development require effective management and administration of land in order to use scarce land resource for development of Zanzibar. This study used 120 respondents including land owners, land officers and local government authorities. The results of this study show that, there is a need of effective land Policy in Zanzibar to guide various social and economic developments, control land use management, effective and easiest land ownerships as well as controlling land disputes. It also showed that land policy will reduce land disputes, proper land use as well as will identify the investment opportunities in west district.The study suggested the review of existing land Policy that will address the issues of effective land ownership and titling, introduction of effective legal instruments in every district to deal with land disputes, mobilize land departments and local government authorities and other land stake holders to work in strong collaboration.
The contribution of world vision on poverty alleviation through agricultural interventions- in Tanzania: A case of Kinampanda area development programme-Iramba Singida
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mwendi, Romwald Daniel
The study was conducted in Kinampanda division in Iramba, Singida. The main purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of world vision on poverty alleviation through agricultural intervention. Specifically, the study aimed to examine agricultural activities supported by Kinampanda ADP at household level, assess the accessibility of agricultural interventions supported by Kinampanda ADP to households, investigate the implementation of agriculture intervention by Kinampanda ADP to households, and explore the household expenditure and savings of profit gained from agricultural intervention. In examining agricultural activities supported by Kinampanda ADP at household level, the study findings show that Kinampanda ADP supported households with agricultural trainings, provision of improved farming input and implements and linking them with credit societies. On assessing the accessibility of agriculture intervention supported by Kinampanda ADP to households, the findings revealed that Kinampanda is working best with farming groups and support them in terms of cost sharing. On investigating the implementation of agriculture intervention by Kinampanda ADP to households, the study revealed that, there was increase of cultivated acres, crops productivity and surplus as compared to the time before and after the intervention. Lastly, on exploring the house hold expenditure and savings of profit gained from agricultural interventions, the study revealed that, small household farmers increased their income, own valuable assets, being able to pay for basic needs as well as ability to pay for education and health services. Conclusion, the study revealed that, Kinampanda agricultural interventions have resulted to poverty alleviation as compared to situation before the interventions. The study recommend that Government together with Kinampanda ADP to continue linking small farmers with credit societies to get loans for better operation of their agricultural activities.
Participation of local government authorities and the performance of integrated water resources management in Tanzania: A case study of Little Ruaha River, Iringa district
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Muginya, David M.
The intent of the study was to assess the participation of LGAs and the performance of integrated water resources management a case study of Little Ruaha River Iringa District. The study used a cross-sectional design to achieve its objectives. A sample size of 100 respondents was drawn using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques were questionnaires, in –depth interview, observation, focus group discussion [FDG] and documentary review. Quantitative data were analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences [SPSS]. For qualitative data content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings were presented in tables, charts and figures to ease interpretations. The study revealed that participation of LGAs in IWRM has been enhanced through establishment of District facilitation teams, water user associations in form of irrigators associations and community owned water supply organizations and village environmental committees. Further the findings indicated that local government authorities are involved in water resources management through various activities which include formation of water user associations, formation of water and environment committees, formulation of environmental and water sources protection bylaws and preparation of land use plans. The study findings also show that there is a good relationship between local government authorities and Basin water authorities. However, findings from the study revealed that local government authorities face a number of problems in managing water resources which include lack of funds, poor irrigation infrastructure, population increase, climate change. Moreover, findings from the study indicated that local government authorities are able to influence the performance of integrated water resources management in their areas of jurisdiction. The study recommendations include: increasing technical capacity by employing more extension officers at the ward and village level, allocating sufficient resources for construction and improving irrigation infrastructures, enforcement of water and environmental conservation by-laws developed by local government authorities.
Land use conflicts and livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Ulanga district
(Mzumbe Univesity, 2013) Maks, Deogratias Clemence
Land is increasingly becoming a source of conflicts in Tanzania and Africa at large, where land access had traditionally been characterized as relatively unrestricted. The main objective of the study was to examine how smallholder farmers’ livelihoods are affected by land use conflicts. Subsequently, there were four specific objectives, to examine land administration system in Tanzania, especially land registration processes on how it affects rural smallholder farmers, to examine the state of land ownership in Ulanga district, to examine the causes for land use conflicts in Ulanga district and to examine the weaknesses of legal institutions for the persistence of the land use conflicts at Ulanga district. Primary data were collected from 120 smallholding farmers from 3 wards 2 villages from each ward. The study findings show that land administration system in Tanzania affects land registration process especially in rural areas due to the fact that most of the rural people failed to afford expenses. Also study findings reveal that most of the rural small farmers possess land through inheritance and customary rights. Moreover findings show that some of the underlying factors for land conflict are like, lack of clear demarcations, lack of land title deed, population pressure and agricultural commercialization. It seems that in Tanzania formal institutions for land administration are often simply superimposed on traditional structures without a clear delineation of responsibilities and competencies, implying that they lack both outreach and social legitimacy. It is thus concluded that land issue has a strong touch on a wide range of issues in different thematic areas. It is a cross cutting issue and touches all aspects of social, economic and political activities in rural areas. Therefore land use conflicts may affect the all sectors and live hoods of the natives of a specific area and Tanzania in general. It is recommended that there is a need of having strong legal management machinery which dealing with land management in the country. Also raising awareness on land rights is a crucial thing in land ownership. Furthermore the least there is a need to encourage land registration to the rural people. This service should be allocated in rural areas where most land conflicts occur.
Challenges of micro-finance institutions towards women empowerment in Kilimanjaro Region Tanzania: A case study of Moshi municipality
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Kyara, Stella E.
The study identified the challenges that micro-finance institutions face in the process of empowering women in Moshi Municipality. The specific objectives of the study are; exploring the causes for challenges of micro-finance institutions, assessing the strength and opportunities found in Moshi Municipality for women empowerment, and lastly suggesting possible solutions to alleviate challenges that face micro-finance institutions in Moshi Municipality. The study adopted a case study design. Random sampling and purposive sampling were used to a total number of 70 respondents who were customers and staffs of micro-finance, and Municipal officials who were dealing with microfinance. Data collection for this study employed different methods such as questionnaires, interviews, observation and focused group discussion. With respect to the objectives the findings revealed several challenges, causes of the challenges and pointed strength and opportunities found in Moshi municipality which are; poor repayment, politics, delay of funds, bureaucracy, corruption, unfaithful staffs, and unfaithful customers. Causes for the challenges are poor management in the organizations, economic depression, and inflation. And lastly strengths and opportunities to empower women in Moshi Municipality pointed out are; availability of financial institutions, availability of funds, the area being in town where business can possibly flow due to the availability of good infrastructures, and availability of entrepreneurship education to the customers that gives them a wide knowledge of operating business and skills to manage funds they raise. Basing on the findings it was recommended that, there should be multiple ways to help in alleviating the experienced challenges which includes, design of suggestion box, trainings should be conducted for capacity building to customers, there should be a visit to customers' business for evaluation to see if they meet standards that can help them lend more money, lastly, financial management education should be provided to SACCOS board members and there should be more cooperative officers to support organizations in training, auditing and advise to the existing SACCOS.
Challenges of micro-finance institutions towards women empowerment in Kilimanjaro Region Tanzania: A case study of Moshi municipality
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Kyara, Stella E.
The study identified the challenges that micro-finance institutions faces in the process of empowering women in Moshi Municipality. The specific objectives of the study are; exploring the causes for challenges of micro-finance institutions, assessing the strength and opportunities found in Moshi Municipality for women empowerment, and lastly suggesting possible solutions to alleviate challenges that face micro-finance institutions in Moshi Municipality. The study adopted a case study design. Random sampling and purposive sampling were used to a total number of 70 respondents who were customers and staffs of micro-finance, and Municipal officials who were dealing with microfinance. Data collection for this study employed different methods such as questionnaires, interviews, observation and focused group discussion. With respect to the objectives the findings revealed several challenges, causes of the challenges and pointed strength and opportunities found in Moshi municipality which are; poor repayment, politics, delay of funds, bureaucracy, corruption, unfaithful staffs, and unfaithful customers. Causes for the challenges are poor management in the organizations, economic depression, and inflation. And lastly strengths and opportunities to empower women in Moshi Municipality pointed out are; availability of financial institutions, availability of funds, the area being in town where business can possibily flow due to the availability of good infrastructures, and availability of entrepreneurship education to the customers that gives them a wide knowledge of operating business and skills to manage funds they raise. Basing on the findings it was recommended that, there should be multiple ways to help in alleviating the experienced challenges which includes, design of suggestion box, trainings should be conducted for capacity building to customers, there should be a visit to customers' business for evaluation to see if they meet standards that can help them lend more money, lastly, financial management education should be provided to SACCOS board members and there should be more cooperative officers to support organizations in training, auditing and advise to the existing SACCOS
The performance of youth development fund (YDF) in youth development in Tanzania: The case of Kahama district
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Mussa, Elisha
This study aimed at examining the performance of Youth Development Fund (YDF) in promoting youth development in Tanzania using Kahama District as a case study. Specifically, the study focused at, youth access to YDF and their involvement in development activities; the performance of various YDF beneficiaries’ projects; factors influencing performance of YDF related projects; and stakeholders’ views on improvement of YDF programme and beneficiaries’ development activities. The study adopted a case study design, targeting the youths between 18 and 35 years as beneficiaries of YDF and or entrepreneurs in Kahama District. A sample size of 70 respondents was drawn using purposive and random sampling techniques. Questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussion and observation methods were used to collect primary data while documentary review method was used to collect secondary data. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Excel software and presented in tables, figures and texts. The study revealed that although awareness was high (77%), youths access to YDF was low amounting to 718 (0.3%) youths out of 268,103. About 24 (80%) beneficiaries requested the loan to develop existing business rather than create new IGAs, hence YDF slightly promoted youth involvement. None of the beneficiaries shifted into advanced business compared to 7 (23%) non-beneficiaries. YDF beneficiaries employed fewer (44) youths compared to 66 by non-beneficiaries. Only 2 beneficiaries out of 30 have moved from lower annual income level (100,000 – 1,000,000/=) after receiving the loan compared to 12 non-beneficiaries. Besides, 14 (47%) beneficiaries failed to repay the loan. 22 (73%) YDF beneficiaries received less than 50% of the requested loan amount while 22 (67%) non-beneficiaries received 100%. Insufficient funds, deficient entrepreneurship training, and delayed loans were among the factors limiting business performance. Study recommendations include: increasing the budget for YDF programme, timely loan disbursement, intensive entrepreneurship training, involving the private sector, creation of enabling environment and proper targeting of beneficiaries.
Assessment of performance of vocational training centres on youth unemployment reduction: A case of Mkokotoni vocational training centre in north A district, Zanzibar
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Juma, Juma N.
Youth unemployment is a serious problem facing developed and developing countries since the early 2000s, and it has huge impact in socio-economic context. It was therefore important to deploy initiatives in order to overcome or reduce the consequences of this problem. Vocational training was thought to be the best option to counteract the problem. This study assessed the performance of VTCs on youth unemployment reduction in Zanzibar where four main aspects involved which were: courses offered in VTCs, students’ enrolment trend, extent to which VTCs reduced unemployment, and challenges which faced VTCs. The study used exploratory research design and involved 140 respondents to assess performance through administration of a questionnaire, interviews, focused group discussions, observation and documentary review. The findings revealed that a total of eleven courses offered and the Majority of respondents joined in courses which depended on being employed or had low employment possibilities. Also, students’ enrolment was still very low (below 1 percent). It was found that only 28 percent of trainees had employment while 72 percent had no employment, and the main employer was hotel industries which employed 55 percent of trainees while 45 percent were self- employed. In addition, there was inadequate training materials by 74 percent and shortage of materials and equipments for field and practical sessions by 55 percent. To a large extent, performance of VTCs was affected by different challenges such as lack of areas for field practices (27 percent), and poor coordination (14 percent) which limit performance of VTCs towards well qualified and competent trainees delivery. It therefore concluded that VTCs’ performance on youth unemployment reduction is still not satisfactory. The study therefore recommended measures to improve VTCs’ performance in employment creation such as: the Government should collaborate with the private sector, ensure accessibility of VTCs in tourism areas and review of VTCs’ curriculum to suit with the current situation of labour market.
Ethical consideration and accounting system: A case of Tanzania standard (newspapers) limited
(2013) Amani, Leah
The study was to evaluate ethical consideration and accounting system in Tanzania Standard (Newspapers) Limited located in Dar es Salaam city center where 60 respondents participated in the research. The specific objectives were to investigate the context of ethical consideration and accounting system within TSN; to analyze how the accounting ethics improve accountability, transparency and objectivity; and to explain how public accountability and ethical standards in public government to ensure efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Case study design, qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed during the study. Data collection methods employed included interviews, observations and documentary analysis which was facilitated by research instruments such interview questions, observation and documentary review guides. Content analysis method was used to analyze data and analyzed data is presented in this thesis based on research questions and objectives. Findings indicated are to analyze the ethical consideration and accounting system in a public sector needed by TSN employees. The researcher recommends that professionalism should be impacted in the organization whereby the company ethics and accounting system should be implemented in order for them to produced and delivered in the right time; quality, quantity, place and source taking into account the technological environment over which are indicators of good performance for the organization in researched.
Performance evaluation of microfinance institutions on poverty reduction: A case study of Rombo district Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Kimaro William, J.
The study assessed the performance evaluation of microfinance institutions on poverty reduction of Rombo district in Kilimanjaro region. This study was guided by the following research objectives which were; to identify the lending system used by different MFIs to their members in the study area; assess the performance of MFIs, identify constraints facing microfinance institutions in the study area and recommend strategies to improve the performance, and to assess whether the customers reached by these schemes have improved their general performance in terms of economic growth, creation of employment and generation of income. Purposive sampling was used to select 60 active members as the sample who was seriously involved in SACCOS activities. Data collection for this study employed different methods which were used to collect data such as structured questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion. The findings revealed that SACCOS were performing according to the intended goals of serving poor rural community. Active poor rural community has been using these SACCOS as a source of credit to finance their business. However SACCOS are facing some problems including lack of entrepreneurial education to its members, financial institutions to offer loans to SACCOS, inadequate qualified staff to run the institutions, low participation of members to access loans from their SACCOS due to low knowledge of using the opportunities available and low women participation. Moreover SACCOS are facing other constraints like poor infrastructure, low capacity of SACCOS to serve its members, lack of MFIS in rural areas and inadequate entrepreneurial skills among the members and poor record and book-keeping skill. The recommendations made by this study were that other microfinance institutions be motivated to invest in the Rombo district to increase micro-loans disbursement to cooperative based MFIs (SACCOS) and that microfinance institutions through well established SACCOS should train leaders and non leader members on proper record keeping and financial management:
Assessment of money laundering prevalence in commercial banks of Tanzania: A case study of ten commercial banks operating in Tanzania
(Mzumbe Unversity, 2013) Mduda, Maria
The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of money laundering in commercial banks operating in the United Republic of Tanzania. Both purposive and simple sampling methods were used to select 10 out of 45 commercial banks operating in the United Republic of Tanzania specifically Dar es Salaam due to time and financial constraints. Both secondary and primary methods for collecting data were used. Semi-structured in-depth interview questions were employed as the main instrument for collecting primary data and the collected data were analyzed. The findings indicated that 100% of the respondents from all commercial banks have knowledge and are aware of money laundering. Most commercial banks have taken several measures to mitigate the effects imposed by money laundering such as conducting money laundering awareness training programs, complying and cooperating with BOT and other international anti money laundering policies, and strengthening know your customer controls (KYC). Furthermore efforts made by the government have helped commercial banks fight money laundering by Creating awareness, and reducing the risk of operations. The researcher recommends that the government has to educate its citizens on money laundering and commercial banks need to conduct ongoing money laundering training programs to their staff and customers. Commercial banks should also ensure that there are internal procedures, policies and audit functions to test the system and ensure adequate compliance. Also the study found that good governance is an important tool for successful fight against money laundering and terrorists financing. And the government has to support the regulatory agencies for money laundering in implementing the Money laundering Act of 2007 as amended in 2012 by providing it with the advanced information technology systems and equipments, sufficient investigative, competent and committed professionals reduce corruption and bring transparency and regulatory agency shouldn’t be politically interfered by the government