Dissertation (Masters)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.168.30.20:4000/handle/123456789/146
Browse
52 results
Search Results
Item The success of personal records keeping by Mafiga secondary school employees in Morogoro municipality(2013) Obely, ShadrackThe focus of this report was to examine how employees keep their personal records in the public sector. The study involved the respondents from Mafiga Secondary School, Municipal Education Officer and District executive officer. Personal records keeping by public servants are a common phenomenon in developing countries. It is a well-recognized fact that records keeping are the source of information which helps administrator to reach in a certain decision in all matters of pension benefits, promotion and retention. This study had the objectives of finding out how employees in public institutions had succeeded in keeping their personal records. This investigation was a case study design which used one School in Morogoro Municipal as a study area while the population of the study included Teachers from Mafinga Secondary School and officers from Morogoro Municipality. Research results have shown that personal record is of great important and it’s the responsibility of each new employees in public working to keep personal records for future references and as policy requirements, despite existence of effort of government to come up with policies, labour Acts and employment Acts towards improving personnel records in public services, despite all these effort from the government personnel records has remained inferior. This state of affairs has continuously picked up the space towards loss of personnel documents and delay of payment of retired benefits and poor delivery of services in public services. The study recommended several measures to be taken in order to improve. These recommendations are provision of on working training, rising of awareness’ of the employees on importance of keeping personal records. If these recommendation will be effectively and concurrently implemented will improve the services delivery to the employees due to availability of right records which are kept by employees themselves.Item Willingness to pay for improved conservation of water catchment in Hai district, Tanzania(Mzumbe University, 2019) Sila, Darra NThe water crisis is a real-time problem, which is attributable to poor management of water resources. Many people in rural areas in developing countries lack access to adequate water supply and sanitation, the efforts to solve it over the past three or four decades have produced disappointing results, accomplishing far less than had been expected. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Hai District, Kilimanjaro region Tanzania among 130 randomly sampled households. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire and both descriptive and inferential analysis were performed. 92.3% of respondents were aware of rules governing water catchment conservation. There was statistically significant influence (χ2 =14.436 and p = 0.001) of respondent’s primary occupation on awareness of rules governing water catchment in Hai District. The majority (70.2%) of the respondents showed positive perception about water catchment conservation, and most of them were willing to pay up to TSh. 100,000/-per month for conservation. The results of regression analysis revealed that respondent’s willingness to pay for conservation of water catchment was significantly influenced by education level (p = 0.000), farm size (p = 0.001) and ward location (p = 0.025). The study concludes that collaborative water catchment management is an effective mechanism for water resource conservation. It ensures sustainability in water availability for different uses. In view of that, farmers should increase the rate of adopting improved technologies such as drip irrigation for efficient water use, which will reduce water loss and enhance water circulationItem Constraints to growth of small and medium enterprises in Zanzibar: The case of urban west region(Mzumbe University, 2013) Hassan, Zena M.Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are very important to the Zanzibar economic growth and hence, the need to ensure that SMEs grow sustainably cannot be over emphasized. At present, however, SMEs growth rate is still limited due to a number of factors that act as the barriers to its growth. This study empirically examined the constraints to SMEs Growth. A survey of 70 small firms was carried out to firms in services, food processing, and agriculture and tourism sectors in Urban West Region of Unguja. The Principal Component Analysis was used to determine dominant constraints, of which five constraints were identified. These include lack of entrepreneur skill, unfavorable government regulations, lack of access to finance, lack of access to power supply, and unreliable of water supply. The constraints were analyzed further to determine the extent to which the identified constraints actually hinder SMEs growth. In this, a logistic regression model was estimated. The result of the analysis shows that unfavourable government regulations and unreliable utility supply (power) significantly hinder SME growth in Zanzibar. Therefore, this study argues that weaknesses and lack of government policy and inadequate provision of power supply do not meet requirements of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) growth. The non government organization supported by central government should provide education concerns with business skills at the same time entrepreneurs should be ready to attend seminars on how to run their business, institutions finance should regulate and reduce constrain on SMEs so as smoothing take a loan . To overcome these obstacles, various measures are suggested include appropriate policies that create conducive environment toward SMEs growth. The study concludes with a discussion of policy implications and areas for further research.Item Factors influencing land use changes in urban areas: The case of land development projects in Ilemela municipal council(Mzumbe Unversity, 2019) Marwa, Julius C.The purpose aimed at assessing the factors influencing land use changes in urban area in Ilemela Municipality in Mwanza City. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design and the data were collected from 305 plot owners from the area of the study via survey questionnaires. The study also employed a logistic regression model to map the relationship between the predicators and land use changes in urban area. However, before running the model a different tests such as descriptive statistics and zero order correlation analysis was first run. The correlation analysis was meant to test any multicollinearity problem and it was found that there is no problem. The logistic regression results established that urban planning activities carried out by the municipal through urban planning projects, increases the odds of land use changes. It was also revealed that age of the land owner decreases the odds of land use changes while, marital status and sex of the plot owner revealed to increase the odds of land use changes in urban area. Apart from that, it’s the study found that accessibility and location increases the odds of land use changes in urban areas while, distance from the city Centre revealed to decrease the odds of land use changes in urban area. Apart from the demographic factors, the socio-economic factors such as land value, land tenure system and land demand revealed to increase the odds of land use changes in urban areas while, business activities revealed to have no any influence on land use changes in urban areas. The recommendation is made to the poly makers on establishing the awareness campaigns that the community at large become familiar with the land policy, land act and land regulations. To the municipal urban planners, the study recommends the adherence of regulations and procedures in implementing the land planning projects. The study also recommend the land owners to make efforts on understanding the land policy that govern the land use changes.Item Analysis of health insurance adoption and its effects on health care utilization in Tanzania: A case of Njombe district.(Mzumbe University, 2018) Ngeniuko, GraceHealth is one of the important pillars of socioeconomic that promotes the welfare of the individual and the nation. To address the problem of access to health care services in order to improve health status, Tanzania has implemented various policies for the past two decades. These efforts include the introduction of health insurance whereby over 30% of Tanzanian has been enrolled with health insurance. Furthermore, Tanzania has made significant progress with regards to investment in health sector by promoting major health policies aiming at enhancing sustainability of health status of its populace. Despite of various efforts to improve health sector, the sector is still faced with various challenges including low utilization of health care services. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of health insurance on health care utilization in Njombe district. Specifically the study examined the extend of peoples adoption of health insurance, social-economic factors influencing adoption of health insurance and the effect of health insurance on healthcare utilization. To archive the objectives the study employed data from primary source drawn from 138 samples of respondents including 79 adopters and 59 non adopters of health insurance respectively. The probit model was used to examine the effect of social-economic factors influencing adoption of health insurance and ordered probit model on the effect of health insurance on healthcare utilization. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the extent of adoption of health insurance in Njombe district. The findings from the study shows that, 57.2% of respondents adopted health insurance and 42.8% were adopters, where age, sex, income level, household size, household dependency, premium affordability and education level were statistically factor explaining the adoption of health insurance. Furthermore marital status, education level, household income, distances and health insurance is statistical significant influencing health care utilization. Lastly the study recommends for the awareness creation, remove boundaries of health insurance usage, and increase supply of medicines, and capacity building for health insurance management in order to increase coverage of health insurance so as to improve healthcare utilization in Njombe district.Item Impact evaluation of international AID supported road project on beneficiaries income: A case of Tanzania strategic cities project (TSCP) in Mwanza city council(Mzumbe Unversity, 2018) Mdula, JaneThis study evaluated the economic impact of Tanzania Strategic Cities focusing on Mwanza City as a case study. The Tanzania Strategic Cities Project (TSCP) is funded by International Development Association (IDA) with the objective of enhancing accessibility of basic urban services. TSCP has been in operation for eight (8) years and therefore this study set to evaluate it. Specifically, the study intended to assess the cost of the projects under Tanzania strategic cities projects in Mwanza city; evaluate the benefits of roads projects under Tanzania strategic cities projects in Mwanza city and; assess the economic impact of roads projects on change of per capital income of road users in Mwanza city. The study involved 130 diverse respondents in terms of gender, education background and age group. Questionnaire was used as research tool for gathering information and that data was analyzed through frequency statistics, cross tabulation and other descriptive statistics. The study found out that income of road users has risen due to construction of the new roads and rehabilitation of old roads. The findings have also shown among the costs incurred by road users in regard to access and use of roads to include public transport fare, wastage of travelling and transporting time, maintenance cost, increase of house rent and fuel consumption. Road users also benefited from time saving on the roads, reduced transportation cost, availability of goods and services at lower price, opening of business opportunities, job creations, and population growth. Lastly the study recommends to the Government on the need to put much emphasis on road maintenance after on road constructed as it is cheap to maintain road than constructing it. Good road infrastructure will allow materials and goods transported in lower price to the industries and so join President John Pombe Magufuli on making “Tanzania ya Viwanda” a realityItem Analysis of the determinants of ginger productivity in Tanzania: A case of Madaba district council(Mzumbe Unversity, 2019) Paul, PerediusThe study investigated the determinants of ginger productivity in Tanzania; a case of Madaba District Council. A cross sectional research design was used; the sample size of 202 respondents was obtained through purposive and non-purposive sampling techniques. STATA version 14 and Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) and Excel software were used to analyze the data. The data indicated that ginger determinants involved in the model, it tell the variation obtained in ginger output or produce with the determinants of coefficient of Squared which revealed that 60 per cent of the variables was explained by the model by itself. In nut shell, it can be concluded that large farm size, farmer`s experience, the education level from primary to diploma of the respondents, age and the use of extension services have significant effects on ginger productivity. The study also indicated that ginger farming was found to be profitable with the gross margin of 87% or 0.87 per acre/per annum. Finally, the study found that the determinants affecting ginger farming in the study area include; inadequate of capital, low price ranging from Tshs. 500 to Tshs. 1500 per one kilogram, unavailability of laborers, poor infrastructure, and ginger middlemen exploitation. Hence it is vital to raise public awareness on the potential for sector. It is recommended that the government should discourage the middlemen who buy ginger direct from the farmers by low price and starting the selling point which increase value addition, to enhance the use of extension services to ensure that ginger farmers in Madaba District have access to ginger improved seed and improved farm inputs, storage and marketing facilities, ginger farmers need to be assisted by providing the soft loans so that to enable them to enhance the area under ginger cultivation which will led to high yield.Item Assessment of factors that affect financial sustainability of rural village community bank (VICOBA): A case of Nyamagana district(Mzumbe University, 2018) Ephraim, CharlesThe study was geared to assess the financial sustainability of rural village community banks in Nyamagana District. Specifically, the study intended in finding out the factors that affect the financial sustainability of rural village community bank and to find the relationship between these factors and the financial sustainability of VICOBA. In order to answer the mentioned objectives of the study, a researcher used cross-sectional study design as the data were collected at a single point in time. The study used 100 respondents who are members of VICOBA. Not less, the data were used were the primary data that were collected from the field. Moreover, the data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used, whereas in inferential statistics a binary logistic regression model that used the maximum likelihood methods was employed in estimating the variables. In case of descriptive statistics, the findings revealed that the compelling factors that affect the financial sustainability of VICOBA in the study area included leadership and accountability, entrepreneurship skills of the members, education level of the members, member’s income generating activities, amount of shares contributed by the members, amount of loan provided to members and security of the group fund. However other factors that were mentioned by the respondents included inadequate capital, income poverty, cost of borrowing, and poor commitment of the members. On the other hand, in the inferential statistics, the results showed that leadership and accountability, entrepreneurship skills of the members, education level, income generating activities, and security of group fund were found to be statistically significance in its coefficients as they are having positive sign. But, amount of shares by members and loan provided to members are found to be statistically insignificance in its coefficients as they are having negative sign. In addition, the study further found that leadership skills and accountability, entrepreneurship skills income generating activities, and amount of loan provided to members are statistically significance when judged by its probability. On the other hand, education level of the respondents, amount of shares by members and security of loan fund were found to be statistically insignificance when judged in its probability. The results also found that leadership and accountability, entrepreneurship skills of members, income generating activities and loan provided to members are statistically significance when tested using its standard errors. However, education level of members, amount of shares by members and security of group fund were found to be statistically insignificance when arbitrated by standard error.In this, the study conclude that village community bank are considered to be crucial for the members within the group as it provides loans to members that help them to invest in income generating activities, entrepreneurship skills, encourage savings through amount of shares contributed by members and training particularly in business development. Therefore, the study recommend that entrepreneurship skills to members should be provided frequently in order to equip the members with adequate skills of entrepreneurship to enable them in identifying the projects that generate income that could be used in repaying back the loan and contribute members shareItem Analysis of the relationship between household income levels and health status in Zanzibar: A case of urban district(Mzumbe University, 2016) Bhai, Hafidh H.The study analyses relationship between household’s income levels and health status in Zanzibar. Specifically, the study investigated the relationship between household’s income and morbidity, mortality and life expectancy respectively. The study used morbidity, mortality and life expectancy as health proxies rather than using health index as it would narrow the scope of investigation. Income and other socioeconomic determinants like age, gender, marital status, education, health care accessibility, number of meals and BMI were used as predictors of health status. To achieve the objective of the study, relevant cross-sectional primary data were collected from 96 respondents in urban district. The data collected were analyzed and relevant descriptive statistics were reported. Seemingly Unrelated Regression was employed as the method of estimation. Post regression tests such normality tests, correlation matrix, endogeneity test and Breusch-Pagan test were performed to avoid spurious regression. The findings show that, household’s income was found to have positive correlations with health status since it was estimated to increase by 41% from one unit increase of income of the rich compared to the income of the poor households as was expected holding other variables constant. Based from the findings, the study concludes that, variations of socioeconomic status in relation to lifestyles are the main predictors of health status. Since the rich suffer due to their unhealthy behaviours and the poor due to their poverty. Therefore, the government has to minimize income inequality by increasing income distributions and asset ownership to enable the poor to manage medical services and nutritious food for a healthy life. In addition should also emphasize the importance of changing lifestyles via national wise sports like SHIMIWI, UMISSETA, UMITASHUMTA and BAMATA targeting to minimize tobacco and alcoholic intake, insisting on physical activity, proper diet and natural food intake for healthy and productive society and not only targeting the rich but also the poor households.Item Contribution of smallholder maize production towards household food security in Babati district(Mzumbe University, 2016) Ngurumwa, James P.The main objective of the study was to analyse the contribution of smallholder maize production towards household food security in Babati District. Specific objectives were to examine household maize production per year in Babati; to examine household caloric acquisition from maize consumption; and to investigate the challenges facing maize producers. Primary data was collected from 80 households through observation, interview and focus group discussion using structured questionnaire and checklist. The study found that the average maize yield was 509.72 kg/acre. Farmers incurred an average production cost of 118,642.29 Tshs per acre that was dominated (42%) by ploughing. Also, farmers accrued an average of 254,860.69 Tshs per acre with an average Return on Investment of 44.1%. Almost all (i.e 96.25%) of the households in the study area had three meals per day and about 79.2% (1770.1 kcal/adult equivalent/day) of caloric intake per adult equivalent per day was acquired from maize. Basing on Dietary Energy Consumed per adult equivalent per day, 53.75% and 46.25% of households were food secure and insecure respectively; however, basing on Household Dietary Diversity Score, 73% and 7% of households were food insecure and secure respectively. Three quarters (70%) of households had at least one individual involved in non-farm activities. Majority (33.75%) accrued an average income of between 100,001 and 200,000 TSHS per month. Moreover, majority (32.5%) of households responded that low income among maize producing households was the major constraint in maize production; other challenges were unreliable rainfall, high cost of hybrid maize seeds, inadequate ploughing tools, wild animals and theft of crops. Hence, households should expand their farming systems to include the cultivation of vegetables, legumes and tubers. Also, they should diversify farm income to other off-farm activities such as business or any small enterprise so as to be able to improve their dietary intake as well as ensuring financial liquidity at the household that can help them to manage farm activities.